Causes of cleft lip
Lack of nutrition, especially vitamins.
Virus infection makes the vascular structure of the affected area abnormal, resulting in local nutritional deficiency and deformity.
Accidental injury of pregnant women may directly affect embryo development and deformity.
Endocrine disorder. In the early pregnancy, due to physiological and mental reasons, the secretion of adrenocortical hormone in the body increases. It is reasonable that long-term anger affects hormone secretion and leads to fetal cleft lip, but it is not entirely correct.
Nursing care of children with cleft lip
Babies with cleft lip and palate are a little particular about feeding, because babies are not easy to suck milk, and they are also prone to flatulence or cough because of inhaling air, which may lead to insufficient eating and unsatisfactory weight gain.
If the baby is breast-fed, the fissure side is generally close to the breast, so that the soft tissue of the breast can better fill the fissure to help realize the sealing of the lips, and the sucking function can also be exercised. If you feed with a bottle, you can consider making a palatal protector to assist feeding. At the same time, it is suggested to choose a soft nipple, use a nipple with a horizontal opening or a nipple with a cross opening that can squeeze the bottle to control the flow during feeding. When the bottle is inverted, the nipple diameter should be 1-3 drops, which should not be too large.
When feeding, you can hold the baby obliquely at an angle of 35-40 degrees with the ground, and pay attention to adjusting the nipple so that it is located on the inner side of the non-cracked cheek. At first, you can feed your baby a few times with a small flow, and then increase the flow after the baby gets used to it. If you choke, you may have to change a nipple with a smaller opening.
Most children can use bottles to achieve better feeding effect. If it really doesn't work, they can also feed it with a spoon and try to eat it slowly and repeatedly. Generally speaking, mom and dad must insist on feeding a small amount many times, pay attention to burping after meals and avoid eating irritating food; Don't be too alarmed if milk comes out of your nose. Just stop feeding temporarily and continue feeding after the child coughs or sneezes.
■ Operating time
Of course, such a baby can be treated by surgery later. At present, it is considered that early operation can solve the problems of feeding, pronunciation and hearing in children with simple cleft lip and palate. Generally, children with cleft lip and palate are about 1 year old, and there are no other serious organ malformations. When there is no fever, cough, runny nose, diarrhea and other symptoms, surgery can be performed.
■ Surgical preparation
Children need to get used to spoon feeding one week in advance. While waiting for the operation, parents should ensure the child's nutrition and normal development, avoid respiratory infection, and let the child operate in a healthy state. Postoperative pain and discomfort will affect children's eating, so try to supplement high-nutrient liquid. Before the operation, patients need to draw blood on an empty stomach to check blood routine, urine routine, blood biochemistry, coagulation, electrocardiogram and chest X-ray. If there is a problem, you should be treated and then admitted to hospital for surgery.
■ postoperative attention
It should be noted that although cleft lip and palate surgery is the responsibility of doctors, it does not mean that parents need not worry after doctors' surgery. Successful operation is only half the battle, and proper postoperative care is also very important.
After operation, parents should feed their babies with spoons, and they should not let their babies suck nipples or bottles, nor should they suck liquid food through straws. After the baby is fully awake for 4 hours, you can feed a small amount of water and observe for half an hour. If you don't vomit, you can eat liquid food.
After cleft lip and palate surgery, they should be encouraged to eat liquid food and drink plenty of water to ensure adequate nutrition. After 1 week, I began to eat thin semi-liquid food, which gradually increased according to the recovery situation. You can start eating ordinary food after 4-6 weeks, but you should pay attention to avoid the damage of hard objects to the wound.
One week after cleft lip and palate surgery is a critical period for wound healing, so we should pay special attention to avoid any adverse effects on the wound such as crying, cold, fever and diarrhea. In order to prevent wound infection, clean your child's mouth every day and encourage your child to drink more water. Antibiotics should be used routinely 3-5 days after operation. Patients with cleft lip and palate should continue to pay attention to their diet after discharge. Don't make any noise at the early stage, and don't pick your nose and mouth with your fingers.
Don't let the child put his fingers and toys in his mouth after operation to prevent the wound from cracking. Cleft lip and palate surgery can absorb and fall off without removing stitches. You should go back to the hospital one month after the operation to check your recovery. If there is nothing special, you should come back once a year.
■ Language training
Language training can be started 2-3 months after operation. Mom and dad must actively participate and talk to their children as much as possible, preferably under the guidance of a professional speech therapist.
Methods of preventing children's cleft lip
1, Quit smoking and drinking
Quitting smoking and drinking is the primary task to prevent harelip babies. If pregnant women have the habit of smoking and drinking before pregnancy, they should try to avoid it during pregnancy.
Step 2 stay away from radiation
Pregnant women should sit less in front of the computer and wear radiation protection clothes. Also, stay away from X-rays and radiation, and stay away from radiology when you go to the hospital for examination.
3. Good environment
Pregnant women should reduce their stay in places with dust and toxic gases. If you are a pregnant woman engaged in this kind of work, you can apply for a job change.
Step 4 stay away from disease
Pregnant mothers should pay attention to their health. When it is cold, you should add clothes to keep warm and try to stay away from the disease. Otherwise, if you need to take medicine when you are sick, the ingredients contained in the medicine may cause fetal harelip.
5. Balanced nutrition
During pregnancy, pregnant women should eat nutritious food to achieve a balanced nutrition, so as to meet the nutritional needs of the fetus.
So pregnant women should pay more attention. Stay away from radiation and X-rays, and avoid staying in the environment of dust and toxic gases for too long. At the same time, we should pay attention to the nutritional balance of diet, vitamins, minerals and so on. We should fully meet the needs of the fetus and give it a better health foundation. In addition, if pregnant women have the habit of smoking and drinking before pregnancy, they should try to avoid these habits from continuing during pregnancy, which will increase the chance of fetal harelip. For the sake of fetal health, it is worthwhile for expectant mothers to work hard in the middle of 10.
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Cleft lip related articles:
1. Causes of cleft lip formation
2. What is the cause of harelip?
3. How did the rabbit lips of newborn babies form?
4. What is the price of cleft lip repair?
5. How to make up if the lip shape is not good?