1. Garden selection: In order to improve the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, promote growth and development, form tree skeleton early and increase yield, sandy loam or light loam with thick soil layer, high fertility, soil pH value of 7.0-8.5, small slope and leeward should be selected according to the characteristics of this tree species.
When Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is planted in mountainous areas, the slope shall not exceed 30, and the thickness of soil layer shall not be less than 50cm. We should avoid low wetlands, heavy saline-alkali land, unstable quicksand land and rocky mountains with poor drainage. Although it can survive, its growth and development are unhealthy, which is not suitable for the development of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge for the purpose of producing seeds, but it can be developed as a green afforestation tree species.
2. Zoning: according to the terrain, it is divided into several communities, each with an area of100-200mu, which is convenient for mechanical operation and management. A working lane of 6-8 meters should be set between communities to facilitate the driving of vehicles and machines;
3. Shelterbelt: adhere to the principle of "adjusting measures to local conditions and strengthening disaster prevention". Divided into big shelterbelts and small shelterbelts. Tree species perpendicular to the main wind are trees, which must keep a large distance from the fixed point of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, generally 6-8 meters.
4. Land leveling and ancillary facilities configuration: comprehensive soil preparation can loosen the soil, which is convenient for mechanized farming and canal system (or pipe network? Geographic line) configuration. It can be divided into comprehensive soil preparation, strip soil preparation, block soil preparation, hole soil preparation and ridge soil preparation. In the summer or early autumn of the year before planting, water, electricity, roads and other supporting facilities will be arranged together;
5. Mixed mode: Explore the inter-row mixing of Xanthoceras sorbifolia, Elaeagnus Elaeagnus, Hairpin and Paeonia suffruticosa, seek companion trees with complementary advantages and avoid competing trees;
6. Initial planting density and planting: factors such as topography, soil, mechanization, mixing and planting purpose should be considered in operation design. Divided into single rows and wide and narrow rows, the density is 56-11plant per mu, and it should be planted with fertilizer and water. Ridge cultivation should be carried out as far as possible when ridge cultivation conditions permit, and watering ditches should be reserved to reduce stem rot.
Planting time can be in spring and autumn. To produce seeds, we should choose varieties with cold tolerance, late flowering, high yield, high oil content and good growth, solve the problem of pollination and fertilization, improve the fruit setting rate and further increase the yield. Grafted seedlings are matched with main varieties and pollination trees;
7. Direct seeding for garden construction: Through practice, the progeny seedlings produced by mixed seeding of superior trees were selected, which accounted for 3/4 of the superior plants in phenotype, kept the original huge root system of seeds, grew quickly and bore fruit early.
Preferably before the soil freezes in autumn. According to the actual situation, soil preparation, pit drilling and fertilization are carried out, and 3 seeds mixed with drugs are planted at each fixed planting point in a straight line or triangle with a spacing of 20 cm. After the soil is wet, sow it to a depth of 5 cm.
After three years, it was observed that there was no shortage of plants, the competition for water and fertilizer was obvious, some plants grew weakly, some phenotypes degenerated, and the naturally eliminated weak plants were eradicated. From then on, the conditions of high grafting pollination were strengthened, the fruit shape was emphasized, and the cylindrical fruit was propagated vigorously.
This technical model can also be applied to tea garden construction. In the production practice, the outer edge (ridge) of the fish scale pit was explored from the stationmaster Qin Xiao to prevent the seedlings from drowning due to rain and flood.
Researcher Wang Yali pointed out that in dry and rainy places, the survival rate of deep planting is higher than that of shallow planting. In recent years, we have adopted the double insurance of planting seedlings and direct seeding in afforestation projects to improve the survival rate, such as widening the afforestation time due to insufficient labor force or drilling holes, and replanting large-caliber nutritious seedlings and growing period to cope with project acceptance.