[Edit this paragraph] Morphological characteristics
Fireworks are evergreen vines belonging to Viola. Evergreen woody vines with linear 3-lobed tendrils can climb up to 7-8 meters. 2-3 leaflets, ovoid to ovoid, 4- 10 cm long, tapering at the top, wedge-shaped to round stems, and pilose petioles. The flowers are orange-red and about 6 cm long. Leaves with glandular spots, lush green, tendrils with 3 cracks, attached to other things; Flowers are arranged in a string, drooping heavily, and buds are like kits. If the corolla is exhausted, the filaments are as bright as crimson, and the shed is full of frames, which is extremely bright. The flowering period is suitable for Chinese and foreign festivals, such as New Year's Day, Christmas and Spring Festival. Bright orange, with tree heads hanging, looks like firecrackers (hence the name), adding to the festive atmosphere. There is an ancient poem "firecrackers kill the old year", and firecrackers are spent in the sound of flowers, welcoming one festival after another at home and abroad. It is indeed a timely flower. It is said that Brazil, which originated in Central America, has been introduced to China for more than 100 years. It is an evergreen vine belonging to Corydalis of Osmundaceae. Also known as fire vine and golden coral, their inflorescences are arranged in a string and droop like festive firecrackers.
[Edit this paragraph] Growth habit
Fireworks like sunny environment and fertile, moist and acidic soil, and grow rapidly. In South China, they can keep their branches and leaves evergreen and overwinter in the open air. Because tendrils are mostly born on the upper branches, the whole plant can be fixed on other things to grow. Propagation by layering or cutting. In spring or summer, layering propagation can be carried out, rooting begins around 1 month, and mother plants can be separated and transplanted in about 3 months. Cutting propagation is also carried out in spring and summer. Old stems can also be used for cutting, that is, thick old stems extracted from the base, which can reach more than 2 meters long, are inserted in fertile sandy loam, stored in semi-shade, and begin to take root in about 50-60 days. Let them branch and grow leaves in those years, transplant them to the middle of the grass or in front of the door with soil in winter, and support them with bamboo to prevent lodging. This species grows on tendrils, and it is forbidden to turn over vines and break tendrils during the growth period, otherwise it will affect the absorption of water and nutrients, leading to poor flowering or even no flowering. Fireworks are shaped like firecrackers, with bright flowers and drooping strings, which are deeply loved by people. It is often used as a vertical greening material for balconies, flower galleries, flower stands, door pavilions, walls or roofs of low-rise buildings.
[Edit this paragraph] Breeding
Fireworks rarely bear fruit after cultivation, and cuttings and layering are often used to raise seedlings. Cutting was carried out in the middle and late March, and 1 year-old stout branches were selected as cuttings and inserted into wet sand bed for spray moisturizing. When the air and humidity are stable at about 20℃, it takes root about 25 days after transplanting, and the survival rate can reach 70%. About 1 half a month, it can be moved into the nursery for cultivation. 1 seedlings can be moved out of the nursery, flowering in the second year and greening in the third year. The layering mainly uses the injured vines and the soil in the axils of pressed leaves, which can be carried out from spring to autumn, especially in summer. It can take root in 20~30 days, and the new plant can be cut into 1 month and a half, and it can bloom in the same year. Mostly cultivated as potted flowers, or directly pressed in containers, not moved to nurseries to raise seedlings. Plant features evergreen woody vines with linear 3-lobed tendrils, and the climbing height can reach10m. The leaves are compound leaves with 2-3 pinnaes, oval, oval-oblong, tapering at the apex and rounded at the base, and the leaves are green and shiny all year round. Panicle terminal, corolla tubular, orange-red, full of flowers, full of joy when flowering. In tropical areas, the flowering period is longer, up to more than half a year, usually in 1-6 months. It is a good vertical greening plant. Positive plants that like light environment like warm, high temperature and humid climate, and are suitable for planting in sunny and well-ventilated places. Sandy loam with good drainage is the best soil. Strong vitality, vigorous growth and easy cultivation. It is planted in courtyards, window grilles, flower gates and fences for vertical greening. Propagation, seedling raising, cutting and layering are the main methods. Cutting in spring and summer. Cutting old stems is a good method for rapid prototyping. The old stems extracted from the base are 2 meters long as cuttings, take root after 2 months, then let them grow freely and transplant the next year. Stratification is carried out all year round, preferably in spring and summer. Select short and thick branches, keep the leaves, cut them under the nodes, press them into nearby soil or pots, keep them moist, take root in 30 days, and cut them from the mother body in 60 days. The cultivation substrate requires deep soil layer and good water permeability. Strong adaptability, general soil can also grow normally. The seedlings planted by layering are planted in the same year and bloom in the second year. Fat water can't be dried, keep the soil moist and water it twice a day in high temperature season. Apply dilute liquid fertilizer 1-2 times a month. Plastic curing and vertical greening need to establish supports to guide growth. Don't turn the vines during the growing period, so as not to destroy the tendrils, which will lead to poor growth and poor flowering.
[Edit this paragraph] Landscape use
Fireworks landscape can be planted in large pots, placed in flower sheds, flower stands, teahouses, open-air restaurants, courtyard doors and other places, as the top surface and surrounding greening, the scenery is excellent; It is also suitable for planting as a flower wall to cover soil slopes and rocky mountains, or for vertical or paving greening of balconies of high-rise buildings, which looks magnificent and is an important climbing flower in South China. Dwarf varieties can be coiled into patterns and cultivated as potted flowers. Fireworks are posted on the wall, a flower tree is covered with a wall of half a meter, and a string of firecrackers like fireworks are covered with a wall of dozens of meters. The flowers on the wall are like strings of red peppers planted by farmers in the north, hanging on red and green brick walls. The red ones are wall tiles, the green ones are leaves, and the bright yellow ones are flower strings. Generally, it begins to bloom around 1 and gradually disappears after May. When I was in bloom, the walls were covered with fireworks, symbolizing the prosperity of good days and the prosperity of the host family.
[Edit this paragraph] Cultivation management
1, the cultivation place should be sunny, ventilated and cool. Fireworks have no strict requirements on soil, but they grow more vigorously when planted in fertile soil with rich organic matter, good drainage and deep soil layer. 2. Dig a bigger pit and apply sufficient base fertilizer. The base fertilizer should be decomposed compost, and an appropriate amount of bean cake or bone meal should be added. Before planting, the soil should be mixed evenly, watered 1 time and fermented 1~2 months. The first watering after planting should be thorough and cool. When the seedlings grow to about 70 cm, scaffolding should be set up, their branches should be dragged on the shelf, and coring should be carried out to promote the germination of lateral branches, so as to facilitate more flowering. 3. Fertilizer and water should be appropriate. Fireworks have a fast output, many flowers and a long flowering period, and they need plenty of fertilizer and water. Topdressing 1 time per month during the growth period. Top dressing should use decomposed thin bean cake water or compound chemical fertilizer to make it flourish and blossom everywhere. In order to keep the soil moist, the number of watering should depend on the soil moist condition. In hot summer, in addition to watering, water should be sprayed on branches and leaves and the surrounding ground 2~3 times a day to improve air humidity. When it comes to flower bud differentiation in autumn, watering should be reduced and fertilization should be changed to phosphate fertilizer. In the growing season, the dilute liquid fertilizer combined with nitrogen and phosphorus is usually applied once every two weeks. Topdressing liquid fertilizer with nitrogen fertilizer at bud stage is beneficial to flowering and plant growth. The water should be dry and wet, and there should be no water in the basin. When the temperature is high in summer, water should be sufficient, and water should be sprinkled on the ground near the flowerpot to improve the air humidity. In autumn, flower bud differentiation begins. At this time, water should be less to control vegetative growth and promote flower bud differentiation. 4. Potted fireworks should be planted in deep pottery pots, with humus soil, garden soil and mountain mud as the main cultivation soil, and appropriate amount of organic fertilizers such as decomposed compost, bean cake and bone meal as the base fertilizer. After planting, it is the same as ground planting management. It grows well in loose and fertile slightly acidic soil with good drainage; The south can be cultivated in the open field, the north needs potted plants, and it can overwinter indoors in winter. Potted plants can be mixed with humus soil, compost soil and sandy soil, and a small amount of cake fertilizer powder can be added as base fertilizer. 5. Adjust the shape of plants. Battlefield flower is a perennial evergreen climbing vine with tendrils, which can be climbed up by other things. In family cultivation, in order to improve the ornamental effect, large and deep flowerpots can be used when planting. When the seedlings grow to a certain height, set a flower stand in the pot, tie the stems and vines to the flower stand, distribute them evenly and maintain them on the sunny balcony. You can also plant it in a big pot, and set a flower stand on the balcony to let it climb up and grow. When the branches grow to a certain height on the attachment, you need to pick the heart to promote the germination of new branches, so as to bloom more. Branches that have blossomed will not bloom again in the coming year, but new branches will sprout. Therefore, some old and weak branches should be cut off in time to avoid consuming nutrients and affecting the flowering in the next year. 6. Fireworks are not hardy and need to be moved indoors in winter in the north. During overwintering, put it in a sunny place indoors, control watering and stop fertilization, and keep the room temperature above 10℃. Generally, it is necessary to gradually raise the room temperature from the middle and late February of 12, and at the same time, water and fertilize appropriately to make the flower buds bloom in February-March. Fireworks can be propagated by cutting and layering, but layering takes root faster and has a higher survival rate. Generally, after flowering, select strong branches for more than one year, cut off the parts that need to be buried in the soil, bury them in the soil with a thickness of about 10 cm, and fix them with bamboo nails to prevent them from coming out. Always keep the soil moist. Generally, it can be cut from the mother in autumn and planted separately.
[Edit this paragraph] Medicinal value
"Sexual taste returning to the classics" flowers: sweet, flat. The flower stems and leaves of firecrackers: bitter, slightly astringent and flat. "Functional indication" flower: moistening lung and relieving cough. Stem and leaf: clearing heat and benefiting throat. Used for tuberculosis, cough, sore throat, hepatitis and bronchitis. Usage and dosage: 0.5 ~ 1 2, or grinding, each time 1 yuan, taken with warm water. Ivy, honeysuckle, rattan rose, rattan rose, dill, morning glory, bougainvillea, passion fruit.
Interpretation of honeysuckle. Wisteria. And ling Xiao Thunb. (1) 【 Reach the cloud; Soaring skills]: approaching the sky. Metaphor is ambitious. Such as heroic spirit. (2)[ Camptotheca grandiflora]: Big flowers like trees. Chinese Literature: Lingxiao (Figure 1) Latin scientific name: Lingxiaohua English name: Lingxiaohua, also known as Osmunda japonica, female Tibetan flower, China, China.
Family and genus
Domain: Eukaryotic domain: Plant phylum: Angiosperm phylum: Dicotyledonous Magnolia phylum: Labiatae: Osmundaceae genus: Campanulaceae species: Campanulaceae: Shrub season: July-August distribution: East China, Central China and South China; Japan also has it.
morphological character
Deciduous vines, up to 10 m. There are climbing aerial roots on the stems, which are attached to other things. Bark grayish brown, branchlets purple. Leaves opposite, odd pinnate compound leaves, 7-9 leaflets. Oval, serrated, hairless. Terminal cymes or panicles, corolla funnel-shaped, lip-shaped, bright red or orange-red, flowering July-August. The capsule is as long as a pod, the seeds are flat, and the fruit matures in 10. Its varieties are only China Lingxiao and American Lingxiao. Growth habit: sunny, warm and humid environment, slightly tolerant of shade. I like well-drained soil, which is more resistant to water and humidity and has a certain salt and alkali tolerance. Propagation: mainly cutting and layering, but also dividing plants or sowing. Lingxiao should be selected (Figure 2): Lingxiao is an ideal tree species for vertical greening and beautification, and can be used for scaffolding, rockery, flower gallery and wall greening. Its stems, leaves and flowers can be used as medicine, which has the functions of purging blood heat and breaking blood stasis. Garden use: strong in spirit and luxuriant in leaves. After summer, red flowers with green leaves are very beautiful and can be planted in rockeries and other places. It is also a good plant for verandah greening.
The difference between China Lingxiao and American Lingxiao.
China Lingxiao is a deciduous vine with odd pinnate compound leaves, opposite, 7 ~ 1 1 lobule, most of which are 9, and the veins are hairless. Terminal panicle, integrated by three cymes; Calyx tube bell-shaped, light green, 5-lobed toward the middle, with 5 longitudinal edges; The tube is longer; Corolla lip funnel-shaped, orange-red, large flowers, flowers about 6 cm in diameter. The flowering period in Nanjing is from late June to mid-September. American broom is native to North America. The main difference from the previous species is that it has 7- 15 leaflets, most of which are 1 1- 13 leaflets, and the veins and petioles are thinner. The inflorescence is lush and dense, but the corolla is small, and the flower diameter is about 3-4 cm, which is dark orange-red; The floral tube is short, the calyx tube is reddish brown, thick and smooth without edges, and shallow. The flowering period in Nanjing is June -65438+ 10. Cultivated, it is more extensive than previous species.
Functional indication
Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, cooling blood and expelling wind. Used for amenorrhea, postpartum breast swelling, rubella redness, skin itching and acne.