Clinically, according to the area of rotten surface, it is divided into three degrees: light, medium and heavy. From the performance of cervical erosion, it can be divided into three types: simple erosion is more common in the early stage of inflammation, and the erosive surface is covered by a single columnar epithelium, and the epidermis is flat and smooth; Inflammation persists, leading to excessive proliferation of cervical epithelium, uneven erosion surface and granular erosion; If the hyperplasia of glandular epithelium and stroma is obvious, the unevenness is more obvious, and it is papillary, which is papillary erosion. These three types can exist independently or alternatively.
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Can cervical erosion lead to infertility?
The texture and secretion of cervical mucus are directly related to whether sperm can enter the uterine cavity through the cervix. Under normal circumstances, under the action of estrogen during ovulation, the cervical mucus has more water content and thin texture, which is conducive to the passage of sperm. When cervical erosion occurs, especially moderate and severe cervical erosion, cervical secretions will increase obviously, with sticky texture and a large number of white blood cells, which will adversely affect the mobility of sperm and prevent sperm from entering the uterine cavity, thus affecting pregnancy. Generally speaking, mild cervical erosion will not lead to infertility; However, if the patient suffers from moderate or severe cervical erosion and is infertile, it should be actively treated.
What kind of cervical erosion must be treated?
Moderate and severe cervical erosion, especially granular or mastoid cervical erosion, should be actively treated. Patients with cervical erosion who have bleeding during sexual intercourse or have blood contact during examination should also be treated.
Before treatment, these patients should undergo routine cervical smear examination to prevent cancer. If there are atypical hyperplasia cells, it does not mean that cancer will definitely occur. Only treatment can actively promote the transformation of cells to the good side and prevent future troubles. If necessary, colposcopy or biopsy can be done to rule out cervical cancer. Women who need to use a contraceptive ring must be treated for moderate or severe cervical erosion before wearing it. Similarly, severe cervical erosion is also a contraindication of induced abortion, and induced abortion can only be carried out after cervical erosion improves.
For long-term infertile women, if no other reasons are found, cervical erosion should be actively treated, which may bring you unexpected surprises.
Can cervical erosion be cured, and will it recur?
The answer is yes, cervical erosion can be cured. Earlier, we have talked about several treatment methods of cervical erosion: local medication, physical therapy and surgical treatment, as well as their advantages and disadvantages and indications. As long as the doctor's instructions such as no sexual intercourse, no swimming, no bath and vaginal irrigation are followed during the treatment, most patients' cervical erosion can be cured. Of course, due to different degrees of erosion, the course of treatment can be long or short.
Will cervical erosion be repeated after cure? Generally speaking, surgical treatment is not easy to recur because the lesion is completely removed; Other treatment methods, because the treatment is limited to the surface of the cervix, or the depth of treatment is not well mastered, fail to eliminate the inflammation of the deep tissue of the cervix, so the ulcerated surface may be cured temporarily, but the root cause has not been eliminated, and patients may be re-infected with pathogenic bacteria due to vaginitis, induced abortion and other operations. So it is still possible to relapse after a period of time. For patients with cervical erosion, the doctor's treatment is one aspect. After the cure, we should also pay attention to keeping the vulva clean and sexual hygiene, and pay attention to contraception, so as to enhance the body's disease resistance and prevent the recurrence of cervical erosion caused by repeated cervical infections.
Can unmarried women get cervical erosion?
Cervical erosion mostly occurs in married women. The common symptoms are leucorrhea, yellow and sticky. Due to the different time of cervical erosion, it can be divided into congenital erosion and acquired erosion. Some unmarried women have a lot of leucorrhea, and they also have such questions: Do they have cervical erosion? In fact, if unmarried women develop normally and are healthy, the probability of retrograde infection through vagina is very small, and the incidence of acquired cervical erosion caused by chronic cervical inflammation is also very low. About 15% ~ 20% unmarried women can suffer from congenital cervical erosion. This is because the newborn is influenced by maternal estrogen, which makes the junction of cervical squamous epithelium and columnar epithelium move outward. If this cervical change persists, it becomes congenital cervical erosion, which looks like cervical erosion, but there is no obvious cervical inflammation in fact. Congenital cervical erosion can be cured by squamous metaplasia, and cervical inflammation can also be caused by secondary infection.
We know that the increase of leucorrhea is sometimes caused by physiological changes, such as the increase of leucorrhea during ovulation. If unmarried women's leucorrhea continues to increase, or accompanied by changes in color and texture, they should go to the gynecological clinic to find out the reasons.
What symptoms does cervical erosion have?
When suffering from mild cervical erosion, patients generally have no obvious conscious symptoms, or they may just have a slight increase in leucorrhea, which is often overlooked. Many patients with cervical erosion were found during the general survey or because of other gynecological diseases. The most obvious symptoms of moderate and severe cervical erosion are increased leucorrhea, yellow color, or bloodshot leucorrhea, and a few patients may bleed after sexual intercourse. Inflammatory leucorrhea stimulates vulva for a long time and can also cause vulva itching. In addition, because the cervical lymphatic channel is directly connected with the connective tissue beside the uterus, inflammation can spread to the pelvic cavity along the lymphatic circulation, leading to pelvic connective tissue inflammation, lumbosacral pain, abdominal distension and other symptoms. Infertility in a few patients may also be caused by cervical erosion.
Cervical erosion can be divided into several degrees. How is it divided?
The most commonly used grading method of cervical erosion is to divide it into three levels according to the size of erosion area: light, medium and heavy. When the erosion area is less than 1/3 of the whole cervical area, it is mild cervical erosion, and the erosion area is between 1/3 ~ 2/3 of the cervical area, which is moderate erosion. Those with erosion area accounting for more than 2/3 of the whole cervical area are severe erosion. Clinical examination should not only pay attention to the size of the erosive surface, but also pay attention to the type of erosion, whether it is simple, granular or mastoid.
Can cervical erosion become cancerous?
Many women with cervical erosion are very concerned about this problem, which is also the main reason for them to seek medical treatment. The answer is yes. According to Lin, a famous gynecologist in China, the incidence of cervical cancer in women with cervical erosion is 0.73%, which is significantly higher than that in women without cervical erosion (0. 1%). Beijing 1972- 1976 census found that the incidence of cervical cancer in women with erosion was twice as high as that in women without erosion. Under the stimulation of long-term chronic inflammation, columnar epithelium from cervical canal hyperplasia can be atypical hyperplasia. If not treated in time, some of them will eventually develop into cancer, but this development and transformation process is relatively slow.
What tests should cervical erosion patients do?
Because it is difficult to distinguish cervical erosion from early cervical cancer with naked eyes, if you know that you have cervical erosion, you should do cervical smear examination first. In the past, traditional Pap smear examination was used, which was observed and analyzed by doctors or chemists under a microscope. This method is easy to miss the diagnosis, and the rate of missed diagnosis is about 30%. Moreover, in order to prevent missed diagnosis, it is often necessary to have multiple curettages. At present, CT examination is widely used in major hospitals, that is, computer scanning smear analysis, which can analyze the cells on the film one by one, and its accuracy is ten times higher than that of artificial naked eyes. But its price is several times more expensive than the traditional method. Cervical smear examination can not be used as a diagnostic basis. If atypical cells are found, further colposcopy and biopsy should be done to confirm the diagnosis.
What are the common methods for treating cervical erosion?
The treatment of cervical erosion is mostly local treatment, and there are many methods, such as drug therapy, physical therapy and surgical treatment. The purpose of the first two conservative treatments is to make the columnar epithelium of cervical erosion surface necrotic and fall off, and create conditions for the growth of new squamous epithelium.
(1) drug therapy: suitable for patients with small erosion area and shallow inflammatory infiltration. Antibiotics can be used locally, such as metronidazole, sulfonamides and furacilin. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely used to treat cervical erosion in clinic, and the effect is good. Select some prescriptions and formulas, process them into powder or suppository, put them on cotton balls and apply them on rotten noodles. Usually give the medicine twice a week. During the treatment, there are many yellow vaginal secretions, but there should be no odor. Treatment usually begins after menstruation is clean, and the drug is taken continuously for one month, and the drug is stopped during menstruation.
(2) Physical therapy: it is a widely used treatment method at present, with the advantages of short course of treatment and good curative effect. It is suitable for patients with large erosion area and deep inflammatory infiltration. Commonly used methods include perm, laser therapy and cryotherapy. Perm should be done within 3 ~ 7 days after menstruation is clean. During the treatment, the perm head contacts the rot surface and slightly pressurizes it, moving back and forth from inside to outside until it slightly exceeds the rot surface. After operation, the wound was coated with 1% gentian violet. The patient has more vaginal secretions within 2 ~ 3 days, and there may be a little bleeding in the vagina within 2 weeks. After 2 ~ 3 weeks, the wound scabbed and squamous epithelium began to repair. Laser treatment is to carbonize and scab the erosive tissue with laser, and the scab skin falls off about 3 weeks after operation, and new squamous epithelium grows on the wound. There are also a lot of leucorrhea after laser treatment. Cryotherapy uses liquid nitrogen as refrigeration source, and uses rapid cooling device to freeze, necrosis and fall off erosive tissue. Postoperative bleeding is less, but leucorrhea is more, which usually lasts for 2 ~ 3 weeks. The necrotic tissue fell off in 6 weeks and the wound healed in 8 weeks.
Before physical therapy, the vulva, vagina and cervix should be disinfected routinely. Due to the large amount of drainage after operation, attention should be paid to keeping the vulva clean and dry to prevent infection. Sexual life, bathing and vaginal washing are forbidden before the wound is completely healed, which usually takes 4 ~ 8 weeks. After treatment, review/kloc-0 once a month to check the wound healing.
(3) Surgical treatment: If the above treatment is ineffective, or there is cervical hypertrophy, or the erosion surface is deep and wide, involving the cervical canal, cervical conization or total hysterectomy can be considered. But at present, surgical treatment is rarely used.
What are the advantages of cryotherapy and what is the reaction after operation?
Cryotherapy for cervical erosion is safe, simple and effective. By local freezing with liquid nitrogen, the erosive tissue is necrotic and exfoliated, and new squamous epithelium covers the cervix and vagina again. Cryotherapy will not form scars, so generally there will be no cervical stenosis, which is more suitable for women with fertility requirements. In addition, freezing can make local blood vessels contract to stop bleeding, so patients rarely bleed after treatment. Cryopreservation can also reduce nerve sensitivity, thus playing the role of anesthesia and analgesia, and patients have no pain during the treatment. But after treatment, there are more leucorrhea, which lasts for 2 ~ 3 weeks. During freezing, peripheral resistance decreases and blood vessels dilate, so temporary blood pressure drop can occur; The stimulation of ultra-low temperature can also cause autonomic nervous dysfunction, dizziness, abdominal pain and other reactions, so if patients suffer from cardiovascular diseases, they should be treated with caution.
What are the advantages of laser treatment of cervical erosion and what should be paid attention to after operation?
Laser treatment of cervical erosion has the characteristics of simplicity, rapidity, good curative effect and few complications. Carbon dioxide laser is often used to irradiate the rotten surface, so that the eroded tissue is carbonized and scabbed, and new squamous epithelium can grow after the scab skin falls off. Laser therapy has the functions of diminishing inflammation, relieving pain and promoting tissue repair. Because the laser knife does not touch the cervical tissue during the treatment, it is easy to grasp the depth of cauterization. Some patients may have vaginal burning sensation during treatment. 1 ~ 2 weeks after treatment, leucorrhea or bloody secretion will appear. The general healing time is about 1 month. Laser therapy should be performed after menstruation is clean. After treatment, patients should pay attention to keep the vulva clean, prohibit sexual intercourse, swimming and bathing within 2 months, and check regularly as required. If vaginal bleeding exceeds menstrual flow after treatment, you should go to the hospital for examination.
Pregnant women, patients with various vaginitis, patients with acute pelvic inflammatory disease, patients with menorrhagia and frequent menstruation, and patients with systemic diseases (such as severe heart disease, hematological diseases, liver diseases, etc.). ) it is forbidden to use laser treatment.
What are the precautions in the treatment of cervical erosion?
Whether taking medicine, physical therapy or surgery to treat cervical erosion, the vulva should be kept clean after treatment, and sexual life, bathing, swimming and vaginal washing are forbidden before the wound is completely healed. Check regularly after treatment. In the course of treatment, if you find that the secretion has an odor, you should seek medical advice in time and take out the cotton ball in the vagina to prevent infection. After physical therapy, it is normal if there is a small amount of bleeding. If the bleeding increases, exceeds the menstrual flow or the bleeding time is too long, you should go to the hospital in time to find out the reason and stop the bleeding as soon as possible. After perm treatment, patients should pay attention to observe the first menstruation, whether there is dysmenorrhea or dysmenorrhea, to prevent cervical adhesion.
Does sexual life have an effect on cervical erosion?
In sexual life, the penis is in direct contact with the cervix. If you don't pay attention to sexual hygiene, you can directly bring germs into the vagina and infect the cervix. For women who have suffered from cervical erosion, it can aggravate their cervical inflammation and may enlarge the rotten surface. Severe cervical erosion sometimes leads to bleeding during sexual intercourse. Therefore, whether women suffer from cervical erosion or not, they should pay attention to sexual hygiene. Both men and women should clean their vulva before sex, and the man should pay attention to removing scale, because it is believed that cholesterol in scale can be converted into carcinogens under the action of bacteria. After suffering from cervical erosion, we should actively treat it.
Does the band ring have an effect on cervical erosion?
IUD is what we usually call intrauterine contraceptive ring, and it is one of the most commonly used contraceptive methods at present. There are many types and shapes of intrauterine devices, such as ring, R ring and T ring. , and rings with and without tails. At present, the rings used in clinic are all with tail wire, which is convenient to take out and causes little pain to patients. Then, will the long-term contact between the ring tail silk and the external cervical orifice cause or aggravate cervical erosion? After long-term follow-up, this sign was not found in intrauterine contraceptive ring with tail wire. However, if the patient suffers from moderate or severe cervical erosion, he should be treated first, and then the upper ring operation should be performed.
The above answers are for reference only. Finally, it is recommended to go to relevant professional hospitals for a comprehensive examination.