First, common trees and their shaping techniques
(A) the main sparse layer shape
(2) Small crown (simple) sparse layer shape
(3) Slender spindle shape
(4) Free spindle shape
(5) The little crown is happy
(6) trunk shape
Second, orchard enclosure and tree transformation
(A) group closure and solutions
1? Intercropping and hybridization between plants
2? Channel-free inter-line switching
3? Handover between line and factory
(B) individual stagnation and solutions
1? Local occlusion
2? The branches are too dense.
3? The branches are too dense.
(3) Tree transformation method
1? Change from a big crown to a small crown.
2? Change the high crown to the short crown.
3? Change the low crown to the high crown.
4? Change the round crown into a flat crown.
5? Change dense crown into sparse crown
6? Special tree transformation method
7? High grafting conversion method
(4) Plastic process error correction
1? Put the suitcase too low.
2? Put the suitcase too high.
3? The selection and retention of lateral branches are unreasonable.
4? This tree is thin and tall.
5? Use competitive branches as backbone branches.
6? The problems of double branches, three branches and threaded branches are not handled well.
7? Improper handling of the relationship between the auxiliary branch and the backbone branch
8? The angle of plastic trimming is not in place.
9? The randomness of trees is serious.
Third, the crown control method
(1) road arch parameters
(2) crowned with fruit.
(3) The crown control is stronger.
(4) control the big branches
(5) Turn around and be happy.
(6) Angle adjustment
(7) Pinning branch control
(8) replacing the mother branch with the preparatory branch (thick branch)
(9) Cutting buds and restraining branches
(10) Breaking the top and promoting the edge
(1 1) Joe's approach to dwarves
(12) branch configuration
(thirteen) the use of new fruit growth regulators.
Four, common pruning methods, functions and applications
(a) Shortcuts and coring
(2) Retraction
(3) long-term release
(4) thinning (thinning)
(5) Change direction
(6) Carving and stripping
Five, pruning technology error correction
(A) cutting kerf is unreasonable
(B) non-standard branch pulling
(3) Cutting branches and hurting trees
(4) Tie branches
(5) Circle branches, bury branches, bundle branches, etc.
(six) excessive girdling and girdling
(7) twist the tip
(eight) improper handling of competitive branches.
(9) Long-term "temperature" is wrong.
(10) Very light trees that have been cut down for many years.
(11) Weight refinement
(12) the amount of pruning is not allowed.
(13) It is unreasonable to pick the heart.
(14) The branch group type is not suitable.
(15) Branches are unevenly distributed.
(16) The regeneration and rejuvenation of branches are not timely and reasonable.
Schedule 4 Tree 1 ~ 5-year-old pruning methods