1.c (A. "Shaking" reads Hu, "Chi" reads folk songs, and B. "Atmosphere" reads Fē n; D. read hèng horizontally. )
2. b (a. bracket c. dropped schoolbag d. vent)
3.b (a brush stroke: describes writing, writing articles and drawing quickly. It should be changed to "walk around". A. Treat the headache, treat the foot pain: Metaphorically, if there is a problem, just deal with it, without fundamentally solving the problem. C. toothless unforgettable: toothless: lifelong. I will never forget it. D. all-round exquisiteness: exquisiteness: exquisiteness and delicacy refer to people's flexibility and agility. After describing people's smooth life, they treat people with everything. )
4. Item A (b) added "the situation of" after "property" and lacked the object center. It is inappropriate to change "improving" to "expanding" in item C. Item D "new employees" has a cross relationship with "teachers, media personnel and civil servants". Can not be tied, change "and" to "or other". )
(The second blank after "Song" should be filled in ①, so the answer is to choose between B and D, and the third blank should be filled in ③ in descending order, so the answer should be filled in D)
6.d (figuratively speaking, standards or regulations. )
7.a (a a. Preposition, "use" or "take". B. its: the pronoun in front, not "Ruan Ji"; The latter modal adverb indicates the mood of discussion or hope, "or". C.1: Use pre-structural auxiliary words in the sentence to cancel the independence of the sentence; The last pronoun is "I". D. reason: the previous conjunction, "so, just"; The latter preposition, "take the opportunity, take advantage." )
The mistake of "exemption from punishment" should be "to avoid being accused of being drunk". )
9.( 1) Zhong will ask him some questions about current politics many times, trying to find out the mistakes and cure him. Ruan Ji was excused for being drunk.
(2) Therefore, polite secular people hate him as an enemy.
(3) The gentleman mentioned by the world only knows how to learn statutes and retreat to ethical codes.
65438+ )
11.(1) A: (1) has three meanings: First, the ancients said that rotten grass turned into fireflies. Although it was unscientific, fireflies were always born in those desolate places between grass graves. The description of fireflies flying in the courtyard where the maid lives implicitly shows the desolation of the maid's life. (1) Second, we can imagine the loneliness and boredom of the maid-in-waiting from the action of the maid-in-waiting pouncing on the firefly. She has nothing to do; She had to fly fireflies to kill her lonely years. She beat the firefly with a small fan, and suddenly seemed to want to drive away the loneliness and loneliness that surrounded her, but what's the use? (1) Third, the small fan in the hands of ladies-in-waiting is symbolic. Fans were originally used to cool down in summer, but they are useless in autumn. Therefore, autumn fan is often used as a metaphor for abandoning a wife in ancient poetry. ( 1)
(2) The whole poem is lyrical and meaningful; The language is unpretentious, fresh and smooth, and the artistic conception is far-reaching.
One or three sentences describe the scenery and present the scenery of the deep palace autumn night to the readers very realistically. The first sentence uses the word "cold" and adjectives as verbs, which is full of atmosphere, suggesting the cold autumn atmosphere and showing the inner loneliness of the hero. (1 min) The third sentence says that you still can't sleep at night, waiting for good luck, and taking the street as water is like ice. The metaphor of "cool as water" is not only colored. And it has a sense of temperature. ( 1)
Two or four sentences about ladies-in-waiting are very intriguing. The second sentence is about killing time and relieving depression by flapping fireflies. In the last sentence, I admire the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl to express my grief. (1 min) Heng Tang retreated and commented: "The layered scenery is a painted figure painting. Just the word' sit and watch' makes you feel smart. " Although there is not a lyric in the poem, the complex feelings of the ladies-in-waiting intertwined with sorrow and expectation are beyond words, which reflects the tragic fate of women in feudal times from one side. ( 1)
13.a (item a), originally expressed as "only applicable to"
14. a (The "God" mentioned in item A refers to the individual characteristics of things, and the "God" mentioned in the other three items refers to the "God" of artistic images produced by the "harmony between mind and things". )
15.( 1) The appearance or phenomenon of an image in a work of art should be true, so as to achieve "similarity". (2) The essential characteristics of images in works of art should be true, so as to be "similar in spirit". (3) Images in works of art should be full of the creator's unique subjective interest and personality understanding, and finally achieve "physical and mental harmony". (Correct answer 1 plus 2 points, 3 points plus 6 points)
16. The article comes straight to the point (1) and points out the theme (1), which means that the following will describe and display a unique landscape painting of Dunhuang and a landscape painting of summer (1) around the theme of "In Dunhuang, summer is the best season of the year".
17. The reason why the author writes about Dunhuang in spring is to make Dunhuang in summer natural and not abrupt, (2 points) to set off Dunhuang in summer. Spring is so beautiful, the most beautiful summer should be more charming. (2 points)
18.① magnificent and wonderful scenery (1). Apricot trees, pear trees, peach trees and jujube trees all bear strong fruits under oil-green trees. The poplars and elms at the head of the village are covered with lush branches and leaves ... As soon as people enter the mouth of Sanwei Mountain Gorge, they can see Mingsha Mountain and Sanwei Mountain. Smell a lush and beautiful brocade in the golden desert! (1) ② The climate is beautiful in contrast (1). Although "at noon, the temperature in the sun can soar to more than 40 degrees Celsius" and hot sand can cook eggs, "the air is so clean and pure that people only need to stay in the shade where the sun can't shine. You will feel refreshed! In the room. Just close the window, put down the bamboo curtain and keep the sun out, and the room will always be so cool! " (1 min) ③ The strong humanistic beauty of the western regions (1 min). Temple Fair of Bath Buddha Festival is really a sketch with grand scene, rich western sentiment and strong life breath. It takes "all kinds of transportation", children and girls, cookstoves for picnics, food, uses and play. On the 30-mile road from Xindianzi to Thousand Buddha Cave, a lantern-like team is formed continuously. Singing music full of western flavor; That unique picnic. It is so bustling and noisy, and people are so cheerful, carefree, cheerful and simple, like a symphony of the western regions. The mellow and rich northwest wine is intoxicating and makes people feel that life is so beautiful. ( 1)
19.① Use contrast (1) and contrast (1). Set off charming summer customs with vibrant spring scenery (1 min). The contrast techniques are as follows: the temperature in the sun can reach above 40 degrees Celsius, and it is always so cool in the shade and indoors; The sun hangs in the sky for seventeen hours every day, but it is very cold at night. He was a noisy animal in the morning, and even the birds stopped singing after lunch. (1, you can give 1 if you answer one point).
The language is fresh and clear, the narrative is smooth and leisurely, and the layout is compact and concise (1). Words and sentences are especially good at color change and sound description. Between the lines, there are feelings of relaxation, joy, fun and love. The article ends with northwest folk proverbs, which are natural and accurate, concise and interesting. (1, score as appropriate)
20. Answer 1: "Partner" means "little boy". From the article, we can see the heavy burden of life on the shoulders of "mother". The little boy measures his family, sells newspapers with his mother for a living, actively and flexibly stops business and supports his family. He is mature, strong and filial, and shares joys and sorrows with his mother like a partner.
Answer 2: "Partner" means "gentleman". The gentleman in the article didn't buy a newspaper from the newsboy, but "walked to her". Because he felt the hardship of women's life and felt that women needed more care, he walked to her and bought a newspaper. This is sympathy for people in poverty and suffering, and it is a kind of care like a friend. This concern is simple and sincere, just like a partner. (If it makes sense, give points as appropriate)
2 1. Language reform is the world trend, but the reform must be cautious, not across the board, and must embody three principles, namely motivation, stability and agreement.
Among them, we should consider the impact on social stability once it is confirmed and announced. Chinese characters need to be reshaped, but they should be gradually popularized in a timely manner, and some words can be properly preserved. Or: General Secretary Hu Jintao asked us to "not toss"! But in my opinion, the practice of the Ministry of Education this time is "poor tossing". The Chinese characters for this cosmetic surgery are not uncommon words, but common words including "bar" and "fork". In the decades after the simplification of Chinese characters, countless people in China were deeply influenced by simplified Chinese characters. It is not easy to popularize these 44 Chinese characters in the whole society in a short time.
As the carrier of culture, writing will certainly change with the development of culture, but this is not determined by the discussion results of only a few experts. (If the comments are reasonable, give points as appropriate. )
Reference translation:
Ruan Ji is a descendant of the Wei family, and his father Ruan is the prime minister of Wei, who is famous all over the world. Ruan Ji's appearance is beautiful and handsome, his ambition is open and unrestrained, he is proudly independent, willful and unconstrained, and his emotions are not revealed. He reads widely, especially Lao Zi and Zhuangzi. He is an alcoholic and can scream, but he is also good at playing the piano. When he was proud, he forgot his own form and behavior. At that time, people often said that he was insane. Only his brother Ruan often praises and admires him, thinking that he has surpassed himself, so everyone praises his strange talent.
Ruan Ji has the ambition to help the world. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the world was changing, and few celebrities could save themselves. Therefore, Ruan Ji did not participate in the world and often got drunk. Wendi Si Mazhao wanted to propose to Ruan Ji as Sima Yan, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty. Ruan Ji was drunk for sixty days, and Wendi didn't have a chance to talk. Zhong will ask him some questions many times, trying to find out the mistakes and cure him. Ruan Ji was excused for being drunk.
Although Ruan Ji's ethics is informal, his remarks are far-reaching and he doesn't comment on others. He is very filial by nature. When his mother died, he was playing Go with someone else, and the player asked to stop. Ruan Ji must stay with the other side to finish the game. After drinking two glasses of wine, he burst into tears and vomited several liters of blood. When his mother was buried, he ate a steamed pig, drank two glasses of wine and said goodbye to the coffin. Then he wailed and vomited several liters of blood. Hurt his body, skinny, and almost lost his life. Pei Kai went to pay his respects. Ruan Ji, disheveled, sat on his back and looked at him straight. Pei Kai paid his respects and left. Ruan Ji also has blue eyes, and when he sees a person who advocates propriety and righteousness, he will look at him with white eyes. When Ji came to pay his respects, Ruan Ji looked at him with dirty eyes and quit unhappily. Ji Kang, Ji Xi's younger brother, heard about it and went to visit him with wine and a harp. Ruan Ji was very happy and flashed his eyes. Therefore, polite and secular people envy him as an enemy, and Emperor Wendi Si Mazhao always protects him.
Ruan Ji once met Sun Deng in Sumenshan and discussed with him the technique of calming the mind and guiding qi since ancient times. Sun Dengquan didn't respond, so Ruan Ji roared back. Halfway up the hill, I heard a voice like Feng Ming, which resounded through the valley. It was Sun Deng's howl. I went back and made a biography of Mr. Adult, which was something like this: "The gentleman mentioned by the world only knows how to learn statutes and retreat from ethics. Keep the code and strictly abide by the law. Behavior wants to be tested by reality, and words want to be the rule of the future. When I was a child, I was praised by the township party. When I grow up, I have a good reputation in neighboring countries. Going up, I want to make suggestions for Sangong, and going down, I want to herd sheep in Kyushu. But I can't see it. It's like a group of lice got into my pants, escaped into my pants, hid in the broken sheep, and thought they had found a good house. I dare not leave the seam when I walk, and I dare not run out of my crotch. I think I have the code for action. But once a fire breaks out, the city will be destroyed, and all lice will be burned to death if they can't get out of their pants. What's the difference between a gentleman in China and lice in his pants! " From here we can see Ruan Ji's mind and interest.