Hyaluronic acid (HA) is also called uronic acid. Natural hyaluronic acid is a kind of macromolecular polysaccharide, which is a linear macromolecular polysaccharide with glucuronic acid -N- glucosamine acetate as disaccharide molecular unit. Its average molecular weight is between 6,543.8+10,000 and 6,543.8+10,000 daltons, and it exists in intercellular spaces. Originally used only for moisturizing, it has now been included in the ranks of wrinkle removal and plastic surgery. This plastic surgery technique is to inject hyaluronic acid, which is non-animal stable and cultured by bacterial fermentation, into wrinkles and depressions of dermis or parts that want to be full, to remove wrinkles and modify the face, which can immediately remove wrinkles and change appearance. Hyaluronic acid, which originally exists in the dermal tissue of human skin in the form of colloid, is responsible for storing water, increasing skin volume and making skin look full, plump and elastic. However, hyaluronic acid will disappear with age, making the skin lose its water storage capacity, gradually becoming dull, aging and forming fine wrinkles. Thanks to the progress of biotechnology, hyaluronic acid can be extracted from connective tissues of vertebrates, such as cockscomb, eyeball, umbilical cord and cartilage. In the past, hyaluronic acid was mostly extracted from animals, but now it is artificially synthesized, which avoids problems such as allergies and infections.

Hyaluronic acid is mainly used in the field of medical beauty, and now it has greatly replaced collagen. Placenta and Botox. According to statistics, in 2004, the global hyaluronic acid application market was about $3 billion, with cosmeceuticals, skin care products, additives and therapeutic products accounting for half of the market. Europe, America and Japan are the largest markets for the production and use of hyaluronic acid products, with an estimated annual growth rate of 15%. There are two main methods to produce hyaluronic acid: tissue extraction and microbial fermentation. At present, only five international manufacturers in the world have the technology of producing medical-grade hyaluronic acid by microbial fermentation. In the second half of 2004, the demand for hyaluronic acid in Europe, America and Japan surged, leading to the shortage of raw materials and rising prices. Domestic parties predict that the supply of hyaluronic acid will be in short supply until after 2006.