This artificial mining method is a traditional method of granite mining. At present, many mines at home and abroad are still using this method to mine granite. This method is very suitable for granite mines with good cleavage and complete ore bodies. Its technological process is as follows: separation of separation body → displacement or turnover of separation body → disintegration and molding of separation body → lifting of waste.

2. Fire drilling mining method

The fire drilling mining method discussed here is a method of mining granite by flame cutting, manual drilling with hand-held rock drill and controlled blasting with detonating cord.

Fire drilling mining method is the basic method of granite mining in China at present, and it is also the most widely used granite mining method. The main mining technology of fire drilling mining method is similar to that of manual mining method. In order to make the separation between the separation body and the ore body easier and more reliable, the fire cutting process is added, and the connection surface between the separation body and the ore body is cut by a flame cutter, so that the separation body and the ore body are connected only by the vertical surface and the horizontal bottom surface. In the subsequent blasting separation of the separation body, the state of double-sided controlled blasting is formed, which makes the separation operation easier and more reliable. Except for one surface fire separation of the separation body, the other processes are the same as those of the artificial mining method introduced earlier.

3, artificial drilling beaded saw mining method

The mining method of manual rock drilling and beaded saw discussed here is to drill holes with a hand-held rock drill and control blasting mining with detonating cord.

Manual drilling and beaded saw mining method is an advanced mining method, which can replace fire drilling mining method to mine granite.

Except for the separation and cutting process of the separated body, the subsequent process in the mining process is the same as that in the fire drilling mining method. In this mining method, the beaded saw replaces the flame cutter to cut the surface where the separated body is connected with the ore body. In order to facilitate the comparison with the fire drilling mining method, we only introduce the method of cutting the vertical end face of the separation body with a diamond beaded saw, manually operating a hand-held rock drill to drill holes in the vertical back face and horizontal bottom face of the separation body, and combining double-sided controlled blasting with detonating cord to separate the separation body from the ore body.

In addition, the horizontal bottom surface can also be cut with a beaded saw, and the other two vertical surfaces can be separated by double-sided blasting; You can also cut the vertical end surface and horizontal bottom surface with a beaded saw, and separate the remaining vertical back surface by single-sided blasting; If conditions permit, it is even possible to use a beaded saw to cut and separate all the three faces connecting the separated body with the ore body, and then use manual drilling combined with controlled blasting to disassemble the separated body.

4. Full-sawing with diamond beaded saw.

The full-saw mining method of diamond bead saw discussed here refers to the separation of the separated body from the ore body, the disintegration of the separated body and the molding of the waste material, which are all cut with a bead saw, similar to the way of mining marble mines.

As long as the mining cost is acceptable, full sawing with diamond bead saw is the best method for mechanized mining of granite at present.

Separate and cut all the three connecting surfaces of the separation body and the ore body with a diamond bead saw; Use a special pneumatic push bag that can be inserted into the saw seam of beaded rope to push the separated body away from the ore body, and then turn the separated body over with the assistance of excavator, loader or slow hoist; The ball saw is still used to disassemble and saw the separated blank, and the six faces of the blank are shaped and cut. In order to reduce the mining cost, under suitable conditions, manual hand-held rock drill can also be used to drill holes, expansive agent (expansive cement) or large-diameter circular saw to form waste; With the help of excavators, loaders, boom cranes or slow-moving winches, the finished waste will be moved to the waste storage yard of the mining face, loaded and transported out. The movement of the beaded saw in different cutting positions in the mining area is also completed by excavators or loaders.

5. Combined mining of circular saw and beaded saw.

At present, in some granite mines in China, the mining method of cutting stone with circular saw combined with manual drilling and wedge splitting has been successfully adopted. In order to compare with the previous mining methods, the horizontal bottom of stone is cut by diamond bead saw instead of manual drilling and wedge splitting to separate the horizontal surface of stone, forming another full-saw mining method.

This mining method, which was first used in Fujian Province, China, is a semi-mechanized mining method that directly cuts the vertical plane of ore body with circular saw waste stone cutter, separates the horizontal plane with manual wedge, and cuts the horizontal bottom of stone with beaded saw instead of manual wedge. This method is suitable for small and medium-sized mechanized mining of granite with intact ore body.

The main working procedure of the combined circular saw and beaded saw mining method is to separate and cut the horizontal bottom surface of the separated body with a diamond beaded saw, and the circular saw stone cutter cuts the separated body into blocks according to the specifications of blocks without cracks. In the subsequent equipment shifting and lifting, the shifting, lifting and transportation of raw materials are the same as the previous mining methods.

6, table rock drill beaded saw mining method

Bench rock drill and beaded saw mining method is an advanced mining method to mine granite instead of manual hand-held rock drill and flame cutter. This combined mining method began in the early 1990s. With the improvement of technical performance and the reduction of production cost of diamond beaded rope for cutting granite, it has become the most widely used and internationally recognized best method for mechanized granite mining. In Spain, South Africa, Brazil and India, this mining method is very popular and has become the basic method of mechanized mining of granite.

The mining technology of table rock drill beaded saw mining method is the same as that of manual rock drill beaded saw mining method, except that table rock drill is used to drill holes instead of manual hand-held rock drill, and the rest are the same.