Pruning of honeysuckle can be divided into winter pruning and summer pruning. Pruning can be repeated in winter and lighter in summer. Four methods are adopted: short cutting, thinning, shrinkage and long paving. The pruning of mature piers is mainly in winter. It is necessary to master the essentials of removing the weak and retaining the strong, bending and thinning, and determine the number of mother branches according to the water and fertilizer situation. After picking each bud, cut it in summer. The middle-aged flower piers are mainly short-cut, the weak branches become thinner, and the old flower piers need to be retracted and trimmed. Using the method of vertical long branches to pick up the core, we can cultivate new trunks, renew and rejuvenate them, maintain the vigorous vitality of flower piers, and achieve the goal of high yield every year. Pruning principles: trunk shaping, light pruning of flourishing branches, heavy pruning of weak branches, full pruning of dead branches, full pruning of branches and heavy pruning of flowers.
Pruning in summer: Honeysuckle reaches maturity after four years, and reaches full bloom after four to five years. Planting in the plain can harvest four flowers a year, and the key is to ensure fertilizer and water. Pruning is the key: after picking each bud, pruning in summer is mainly short cutting, supplemented by thinning. The weight of the stub depends on the growth of branches, especially on the germination degree of axillary buds of new shoots. Most new shoots germinate early in 2 ~ 6 nodes, and 3 ~ 5 nodes can be left when pruning. Long and strong branches should be heavy and short until they wither, so that the branches of the whole tree germinate basically the same. Otherwise, the long and strong branches germinate early and the short fruit branches germinate late, which leads to inconsistent germination period and uneven flowering period.
In early winter and early spring, the split between the trunk base and trunk often produces adventitious buds, which are clustered with several or more buds. This kind of bud in the middle and lower parts of plants should be erased before germination in early spring every year. This kind of bud that is not erased in time often grows branches and fruits, wasting nutrients and affecting the tree shape and tree potential.
Pruning in winter: Not too early, because honeysuckle is a semi-evergreen shrub. In early winter, most of the leaves are still preserved in the trees, and the leaves can spend the winter in the lee of the ravine. In order to make full use of light energy and store more nutrients in the tree, it is best to prune it in winter from the end of June to February until new buds appear in the early spring of the following year. Winter pruning is mainly to cut off the branches that grow on the trunk, leaving a small number of mother branches that can bloom next year on the main branches. Young plants can only choose 3 ~ 5 strong branches and cut off the top at 3 ~ 6 cm. The average daily temperature of honeysuckle plants is 5. C or so, that is, entering the germination stage, new buds begin to grow, so it is not too late to cut in winter. If pruning is late in winter and nutrition is consumed, it is easy to lose the nutrients stored in the tree and affect the tree potential.
Other pruning methods of honeysuckle
Truncation: The short section of perennial branches is called truncation. The general method of shrinking branches is to cut off the top branches at the branches of flowering mother branches. In order to make the tree younger, renew the backbone branches, control the crown width and plant height, and prevent the budding part from moving out, it is necessary to carry out shrinkage cutting, so that the branches at all levels can be constantly updated and the tree can maintain its vigor.
Long-term planting: that is, without pruning 1 year-old branches, the branches are lengthened and thickened, and the crown is enlarged, which is called long-term planting. Long-term planting has no inhibition on buds because there is no cut, which can slow down the apical advantage, make the growth potential of branches moderate, stop growth early, benefit the accumulation of nutrients and accelerate the growth of branches. Long-term planting is limited to shaping young trees and cultivating backbone branches.
Shortcut: Cutting off a part of a branch is called a shortcut. The short cut of honeysuckle is mostly heavy short cut, that is, 1/2 ~ 2/3 with branches cut off. The weight of the stump can be determined according to the quality and position of the branch. Cut in winter, 1 annual shoots with 3 ~ 4 internodes, and cut in summer with 4 ~ 5 internodes.
Thinning: cutting 1 annual branches or perennial branches from the base is called thinning. Honeysuckle. The ability of sprouting and branching is strong and the number of branches is large. The pruning amount should be determined according to the requirements of the potential development of trees. Generally accounting for 15% ~ 30% of the whole plant. Branches of diseases and insect pests, dead branches, slender branches, cross branches, winding branches and overlapping branches should be thinned. Thinning branches can improve lighting conditions, relieve tree vigor and promote the formation of fruit branches. However, thinning branches should not be too heavy, which will form a large number of virtual branches and affect the yield.