This article is divided into the first volume (multiple choice questions) and the first volume (non-multiple choice questions). The answer to volume 2 is filled in the answer column before volume 2, and the answer to volume 2 is directly filled in the test paper.

Possible relative atomic weight: h-1c-12o-16s-32na-23mg-24al-27k-39ca-40fe-56zn-65ba-137.

The first volume (multiple choice questions ***60 points)

A, multiple-choice questions (the first 3 points, ***36 points. Only one option in each small question is correct. )

1. The following statement about energy is incorrect.

A. Coal, oil and natural gas are all fossil energy sources. B. fossil energy is non-renewable energy.

C. Hydrogen energy is renewable energy D. Both hydrogen energy and nuclear energy are pollution-free and efficient energy sources.

2. In recent years, most buses in Beijing use natural gas as fuel, mainly including

A. Prevent oil shortage B. Reduce costs

C. Reduce air pollution D. Increase engine power.

3. Naphthalene is the halogen element with the largest atomic number. According to the gradual change of halogen properties, it is incorrect to describe naphthalene and its compounds.

The reducibility of a. at- is stronger than that of br-b.naat ionic compound.

C. astatine is a white solid at room temperature. D. astatine is insoluble in water and soluble in carbon tetrachloride.

4. The following statement is correct.

A. At normal temperature and pressure, 22.4L neon gas contains NA neon atoms.

B. 1 mol NA2O2 solid completely reacts with enough CO2 gas to transfer NA electrons.

C, introducing CO2 into bleaching powder solution, there must be precipitation.

D. Flame reaction belongs to chemical change.

5. After dropping the solution into the solution containing the following ions, the number of the following ions has not changed.

A.OH- B.H+ C.Cl- D.Na+

6. In each strongly acidic solution, the ionic groups that can be stored in large quantities are

A. sodium ion, chloride ion, potassium ion, ClO boron, calcium ion, magnesium ion, bicarbonate ion and chloride ion.

C. Potassium ion, ammonium ion, CO32-, HS- D, Mg2+, potassium ion, bromine ion and iodine ion.

7. The following reaction of ionic equation is correct.

A. copper sulfate and barium hydroxide Ba2++SO42-=BaSO4↓

B. Calcium carbonate is soluble in acetic acid, CaCO3+H+= Ca2+CO2 =+H2O.

C. Sodium peroxide is dissolved in water, with 2Na2O2+2H2O = 4Na++4OH-+O2 =

D. Sodium is soluble in water Na+H2O = Na++OH-+H2 =

8. Sufficient MnO2 _ 2 and Vml 10mol/L- 1 hydrochloric acid * * are used to produce chlorine gas. Under standard conditions, the value of v is 2.24LCl2 _ 2.

A.V & gt40 B.20 & ltV & lt40 C.V=40 D.V=20

When the number ratio of XO4- ion to H2O2 in the solution is exactly 2: 5, XO4- ion in the solution is reduced to a lower valence state, and the valence of X element becomes

A.+ 1 B.+2 C.+3 D.+4

10. The following statement is correct.

A. Hydrogen halide is a strong acid when it is dissolved in water.

B. When alkali metals are heated in air, they will generate various oxides.

C. alkali metals react with water and float on the water surface.

D. The newly made chlorine water contains seven different particles.

1 1. Put a certain amount of sodium into water at 24.6gt℃ to obtain a saturated solution of 3 1.2g at t℃. The solubility of NaOH at t℃ is

A.48g B.62.5g C.23g D.3 1g

12. when the mass fraction of solute is a% and the mass concentration of substance is c 1mol/L- 1, a certain amount of water is evaporated to make the mass fraction of solute be 2a% and its concentration be c2mol/L- 1.

a . c 1 = 2c 2 b . C2 & lt； 2c 1 C.c2 >2c 1 D.c 1=2c2

Second, multiple-choice questions (this question includes 6 small questions, each with 4 points and * * * 24 points. Each small question has one or two options that meet the meaning of the question. If there is only one option in the correct answer, the multiple-choice question is 0. If the correct answer contains two options, only one and the correct one will be given 2 points, and two and the correct one will be given 4 points, but as long as you choose the wrong one, the small question will be 0 points.

13. Under normal circumstances, the following gases cannot be stored in * * *.

A.H2, H2, Czechoslovakia, H2, F2

14. Among the following groups of substances, they can be identified without other reagents.

A. sodium chloride solution, hydrochloric acid, silver nitrate solution and nitric acid.

B. Chlorine water, NaBr solution, hydrochloric acid and AgNO3 solution.

C. sodium bromide solution, NaI solution, chlorine water, benzene

D. starch solution, potassium iodide solution, KBr solution and KCl solution.

15.4gZn, Al and Mg react with enough hydrochloric acid to release H2 (in standard form), so the sum of the three metals may be

A.0.25mol of B.0.125mol of c. 0. 1 mol of D.0.05mol.

16. The following statement is correct.

A. A strong electrolyte must be soluble in water B. Solid sodium chloride is not conductive, but sodium chloride is an electrolyte.

C the aqueous solution of CO2 can conduct electricity, but CO2 is a non-electrolyte. D chlorine water can conduct electricity, so Cl2 is an electrolyte.

17 The following substances can make red ink fade.

A. Activated carbon B. Carbon dioxide

C. Sodium chloride solution D. Acidified sodium hypochlorite solution

18. There is impure copper chloride powder (containing only one impurity). When it reacts with a sufficient amount of AgNO3 solution, AgCl precipitates are generated, so impurities in the powder may

A. ferric chloride boron calcium chloride carbon zinc chloride boron barium chloride

Volume 2 (60 points for non-multiple choice questions * *)

Three. (This question contains 2 small questions, with a total score of ***20 points)

19.( 10) Someone designed it as shown on the right.

This experimental device is used to make sodium react with water.

Experiment and verification

① Physical properties of sodium;

② What is the product of the reaction between sodium and water?

(1) The following instruments are required for correct operation.

(2) Operation method of (1)

(3) the experimental phenomenon is that

(4) This experiment can prove that the physical properties of sodium are. It can be proved that sodium reacts with water to form products.

20.( 10 min) Chlorine oxide (Cl2O) is a brownish-yellow strongly irritating gas with a boiling point of 3.8℃ and a melting point of-1 16℃. Chlorine oxide produced in the preparation process should be cooled into solid state in time for operation and storage. Contact with general organic matter will explode; Soluble in water (1: 100). Generate hypochlorous acid solution. A small amount of solid chlorine dioxide can be prepared by drying reaction, and the products are Cl2O and HgO? HgCl2, the schematic diagram of the device is as follows:

Answer the following questions:

(1) Write the chemical equation of the reaction between Cl2 and HgO.

(2) Write the chemical formula of the drug: A is, B is.

(3) The liquid C contained in B is, and its function is. The liquid D in C is, its function is

(4)E is a cooling device, which should contain refrigerant (dry ice, cold water, liquid air). The impurities that may be contained in the solid Cl2O obtained in E are.

Four, (this question contains two small questions, ***22 points)

2 1.( 1 1) Five substances A, B, C, D and E are simple substances or compounds containing sodium, and M and N are two compounds. Their transformation relationship is shown in the following figure:

(1) Derive the chemical formula of the substance represented by each symbol:

A B C D E M N

(2) Write the ionic equation of the two reactions.

⑦ ⑧

(11) (1) (5) At the end of May and the beginning of June this year, newspapers all over the country reprinted warnings not to mix different brands of detergents. It is reported that there have been many chlorine poisoning incidents of mixed detergents in China. According to your chemical knowledge, make the following judgment (the correctness of this judgment needs to be proved): One of the liquid detergents used by the parties must contain chlorine, and the most likely form is and. When another liquid detergent is mixed with it, the following reactions may occur to produce chlorine gas:

(2)(6 points) The simulated manned spacecraft Shenzhou IV was launched from Jiuquan manned space launch site on February 30, 2002, and circled the earth in space according to the scheduled orbit 107. The spacecraft was successfully recovered in Inner Mongolia on June 5, 2003. Answer the following questions:

(1) A rocket propellant contains a strong reducing agent hydrazine (N2H4) and a strong oxidizing agent H2O2. When they mix and react, they produce pollution-free substances and give off a lot of heat, thus generating a huge driving force. Write the chemical equation of the reaction.

(2) In spacecraft, devices containing Na2O2 particles are usually installed to provide oxygen. If KO2 (potassium peroxide) is used instead, the effect will be better. Write the chemical equation of oxygen generation in the spacecraft cabin:, the ratio of oxidant to reductant in this reaction, and the electron transfer number is.

V. (This question contains 2 small questions, *** 18 points)

23.(9 points) Metal X and nonmetal Y can be directly combined to form compound XY. Three people, A, B and C, did the combined experiment of X and Y respectively. In the complete reaction, everyone uses different masses of X and Y, but the total mass is 12g. Relevant experimental data are shown in the following table:

X dose, y dose, XY dose

One piece 10g 2g 8g

B 6g 6g 8g

The mass ratio of (1)X and y is determined by the data in the table.

(2) If classmate C only gets 6g XY in the experiment, try to explain the dosage of X and Y through calculation.

24.(9 points) Take 50 ml of mixed solution of Na2CO3 and Na2SO4, add excessive BaCl2 solution to obtain 14.5 1g white precipitate, treat it with excessive dilute HNO3, then reduce it to 4.66g, and gas is released. Trial calculation:

(1) the number concentration of neutralizing substances in the mixed solution;

(2) The volume of gas generated at standard temperature and pressure?

Reference answer to the final exam of senior one last semester.

One or two multiple choice questions

Title 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Answer D C C B C D C A B

The title is1012131415161718.

Answer db c CD BC BC BC BC ad ab

Three. 19.( 1) Small test tube and alcohol lamp (2 points) (2 points) Press the needle, let the sodium contact with water, collect the gas in the small test tube by exhausting, block the nozzle with your thumb, move closer to the flame, release your thumb (2 points) (3 points) and the sodium block floats on the water, melting into small balls and swimming around. H2 sodium hydroxide (2 points)

20. (1) 2cl2+2hgo = hgohgcl2+cl2o (2 points)

(2) Ethyl manganese dioxide hydrochloride

(3) saturated saline; Removing hydrogen chloride gas; Concentrated sulfuric acid; Dry Cl2

(4) liquid air; Solid Cl2 (1 point, more than one space)

4.2 1. (1) a.nab.na2c.NaOH d.na2co3e.nahco3.H2O n.CO2 (each space above1min).

(2)⑦CO32-+CO2+H2O=2HCO3-(2 points)

8 HCO3-+OH-= CO32-+H2O (2 points)

22.( 1) Cl- and ClO-(2 points); Acid (1) cl-+clo-+2h+= Cl2+H2O (2)

(2) N2H4+2H2O2=N2+4H2O(2 points);

4KO2+2CO2=2K2CO3+3O2(2 points) 1:3( 1 minute) 3e-( 1 minute)

Verb (abbreviation of verb) 23. (1) 3:1(1) (2) The mass of X and Y consumed to generate 6gXY is m (x) = 6g× 3/4 = 4.5g, = 6g×1respectively. If Y is excessive, the dose of X is 4.5g, and the dose of Y is 7.5g. (4 points).

24. solution: Na2SO4+BaCl2=BaSO4↓+2NaCl.

Na2CO3+BaCl2=BaCO3↓+2NaCl

Baco3+2hno3 = Ba (NO3) 2+CO2 =+H2O (3 points)

According to the meaning of the question, 4.66g is precipitated as baso4, and m (baco3) =14.51-4.66 = 9.85g..

Barium sulfate = sodium sulfate, barium carbonate = sodium carbonate

→ n (Na2SO4) = 4.66/233 = 0.02mol n (Na2CO3) = 9.85/197 = 0.05mol (3 points).

→C(na2co 3)= 0.05/0.05 = 1 mol/L C(na2so 4)= 0.02/0.05 = 0.4 mol/L.

According to the conservation of element C, n( Na2CO3)= n(CO2)=0.05mol.

That is, the volume of gas at standard temperature and pressure is 0.05× 22.4 =1.21l (3 minutes).