The custom of playing dragon lanterns in Qingdao Lantern Festival
Playing dragon lanterns, also known as dragon lanterns or dragon dancing. Its origin can be traced back to ancient times. Legend has it that as early as the Yellow Emperor, in a large-scale song and dance in the suburbs of Qing Dynasty, there was a leading bird image played by a man, and then a dance scene with six dragons interspersed with each other was arranged. The dragon dance recorded in writing is Zhang Heng's Xijing Fu in Han Dynasty. The author vividly described the dragon dance in the descriptions of hundreds of plays. According to Sui Shu? According to music records, Huanglongbian, similar to the dragon dance performances in hundreds of plays during the reign of Yang Di, is also very wonderful. Dragon dancing is very popular in many places in China. The Chinese nation advocates dragons and regards them as auspicious symbols.
walk on stilts
Walking on stilts is a popular folk performance. Stilts, originally one of the hundred plays in ancient China, appeared as early as the Spring and Autumn Period. China first introduced stilts in Liezi? Narrator:? In the Song Dynasty, there were Zilan people who used their skills to do the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Summoned in the Song and Yuan Dynasties to see their skills.
lion dance
Lion dance is an excellent folk art in China. Whenever the Lantern Festival or the celebration of the General Assembly, people always come to the lion dance to entertain. This custom originated in the Three Kingdoms period and was popular in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. It has a history of 1000 years.
Lion dance? It began in Wei and Jin Dynasties and flourished in Tang Dynasty. Lion dance? 、? Taiping Le? It is usually done by three people. Two people dressed as lions, one as the lion's head, one as the lion's body and hind feet, and one as the lion's head. Dance is divided into civilian and military. The artistic dance shows the gentleness of the lion, such as shaking hair and rolling, while the martial lion shows the fierceness of the lion, such as prancing, pushing high and rolling colored balls.
Dry boating
Rowing a dry boat, folklore is to commemorate Dayu who has made great contributions to water control. Rowing a dry boat, also known as running a dry boat, is an imitation of a boat on land, and the performers are mostly girls. Dry boat is not a real boat. It is made of two thin wooden boards, sawed into a boat shape, tied with bamboo and wood, covered with colored cloth and tied around the girl's waist, just like sitting on a boat, rowing with paddles in hand, singing and jumping while running. This is a dry ship. Sometimes, another man dressed as a boatman performs with his partners, mostly dressed as a clown, and amuses the audience with all kinds of funny actions. Dry boats are very popular in many areas of China.
eat yuanxiao
Lantern Festival? As food, it has a long history in China. In the Song Dynasty, a novel Lantern Festival food was popular among the people. This kind of food was originally called. Floating Zi Yuan? Are you done? Lantern Festival? , businessmen also euphemistically called? Yuanbao? . Ancient times? Lantern Festival? The price is more expensive, and there is a poem saying: guests look at the imperial street with a hook curtain, and the treasures in the city come for a while. There is no way out in front of the curtain, and the money can't be returned. ?
The practice of Yuanxiao is mainly stuffing. The general process is to mix the stuffing, stir it evenly, spread it into large round pieces, cool it and cut it into cubes smaller than table tennis. Then put the stuffing into a machine like a big sieve and pour in the rice flour. Screen? Get up. As the fillings collide with each other and become spherical, glutinous rice also sticks to the surface of the fillings, forming Yuanxiao.
North? Get out? Lantern Festival, South? Bags? Tangyuan, these are two foods with different practices and tastes.
Folk Games Around the Lantern Festival every year, many mysterious games, such as poking the fire pond (walking charcoal), biting the fire plough, climbing the knife ladder, stabbing the order, etc., are launched in various places while welcoming the gods and offering sacrifices to the ancestors. Now, let's take Hucun and Qian Dian District of Zisha Town, Yangjia Town, Leizhou City as examples to appreciate it.
There are about 3000 people in Hu village. What are almost all surnames, using traditional farming methods? Growing rice and sugar cane is the main source of livelihood. The highest deity in the village is enshrined in He Ancestral Hall, which was built in Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty for six years and has been destroyed and repaired several times, and continues to this day. There is a stone tablet in the ancestral hall, which was inscribed by Chen Changqi of Leizhou University. Enthusiastic villagers told us that the firewood needed for the fire was ready the day before the Lantern Festival. These firewood must be cut from living trees, and the total amount is about two or three thousand kilograms. C that night, the villagers buried a new plow (which must be unused) on the wide ground in front of the ancestral hall in the village, and covered it with fresh trees (which must be fresh and dry).
At dusk, the tree was lit by a fire, and then the Taoist priests invited by the village (usually from other villages) began to do things. When burning a spring fire, two strong young people in the village usually use long iron forks to stir the wood in the fire; The purpose is to make the fire more prosperous and give momentum to the village. By about two o'clock in the morning, the raging fire was gradually extinguished and the trees had burned into red coal.
At this time, the gongs and drums were loud and the sound was thunderous. On the fire near the shrine, about thirty young people shouted in unison with all their strength. There are also several disciples of Taoists, biting the lit incense and sweating like a pig, playing drums hard. Surrounded by the crowd, a man with dark skin and strong physique appeared, wearing a light yellow robe, a red floating towel on his head, a pair of blue plastic slippers on his soles and a yellow flag on his shoulders. He is the master of Daogong. Then, Master Daogong led his disciples to run around the fire once or twice amid the earth-shaking drums and shouts, and then returned to the shrine again to continue the prayer and worship ceremony.
After the ceremony of offering incense, greeting gods, divination and seeking blessings at the head of the village, the Taoist priest blew the horn. Then he quickly ran to the fire, split the charcoal fire with his sword and found a burning fire? Fire mom? The biggest piece of red-hot charcoal is in the palm of your hand! Scan; After inspection, quickly put it in the coconut shell prepared next to it, and then send it to the sacred box. Stay here? Fire mom? When the color turns blue, the Taoist priest immediately runs to the fire, forks the red-hot plow with his sword, and melts the spell he read in front of the shrine on the plow. Later, the Taoist priest opened his mouth, bit the plow with the tip of his teeth and walked around the fire. In the cheers of everyone, he put the plow on the sacred case and prayed to the gods to bless the good weather and good harvests in the coming year.
Then Daogong continued to practice, and after divining for luck, he let his proud disciples go to the fire? Rolling fire? . I saw the disciple wearing ordinary jeans and holding an ordinary cushion in his hand. Suddenly, he spread the mat on the fire, his head quickly pressed against the mat and his body quickly turned over the fire. Then get up quickly and turn over from four different directions, east, west, north and south, with the same movements. The villagers around cheered loudly and in unison. Just as Daogong's disciples rolled past, the boys in the village were already waiting in line at one side of the fire. As they shouted, they were ready to cross the fire.
Most of these young people are school children, ranging in age from 12 to 20 years old. In the sound of gongs and drums and the cheers of villagers, these young people filed in one after another. Shouted down a peg or two all the way, I ran barefoot all the way through the coals. There is only one wheel in a row, and every time you pass, you have to burn a fire. The charcoal fire in the forest kicked sparks, and the ground poured golden lotus. Are the villagers here at this time? Dial the fire pond? At the climax of the ceremony, fireworks and firecrackers already prepared around the fire were lit at the same time. The whole Hu village is full of thunder and fire in the spring night, showing a vibrant scene.
At this time, the villagers shoveled a handful of charcoal with a shovel and took it home. They pour these unburned coals into their backyard, pigsty or pond, and pray for the happiness of their families and the prosperity of their six animals in the coming year. An elderly villager told us that in the fire, the Taoist priest buried a small wine glass in advance. Who is here? Dial the fire pond? After the ceremony, being able to shovel down the small wine glasses means that their family will be lucky and more developed in the coming year.
According to people who have participated? Dial the fire pond? Some young people say that when you step on the fire, you don't feel pain, but you feel slippery and cold, and you step on it at once. And what's even more surprising is that their soles are intact. As usual, it's really incredible.
Another equally incredible custom is? Wear the order? .
In front of the store is an ordinary area in Yangjia Town, Leizhou City, which consists of ten villages, including Qiantang, Beidu, Chibu, Hezhai, Jingnan, Shanwei, Qianjiang, Nanfang and Beijieyang. Are there any unique and mysterious secrets in this special community? Wear the order? Activities.
The fun of the Lantern Festival reached the middle of the Tang Dynasty, and the Lantern Festival has developed into an unprecedented Lantern Festival. What is the Lantern Festival in the Tang Dynasty? The day before and after Shangyuan? The Lantern Festival has become a fixed festival, and the Lantern Festival has increased from one day in the Han Dynasty to three days. Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, has always imposed a curfew, and people are not allowed to go out at night, but it is only on the third night of the Lantern Festival that the ban is lifted, so that people can watch the lights. On the night of the festival, the ten-mile long street in Chang 'an is full of tourists and excitement. Cui Ye's poem "The Last Yuan Night" goes: Who can sit at the sight of the moon and where to smell the lights? It seems to be in Su Weidao's poem "The fifteenth night of the first month"? Fire tree silver flower pass, star bridge lock? Two sentences are even more popular, so that? Fire tree and silver flower? The word "fireworks" has become an idiom to describe the spectacular lighting and fireworks.
The Tang Dynasty was strong in national strength and affluent in society. Lantern Festival has also become a place for princes and nobles to fight for power and profit. According to the Chronicle of Kaiyuan Tianbao, Emperor Li Longji of the Tang Dynasty ordered the construction of a headlamp building with a height of 150 feet to illuminate Chang 'an City. Not to be outdone, Yang Guifei's sister, the Korean lady, specially made one? A hundred lamp trees? The lamp tree is 80 feet high and stands on a high mountain. The last January was visible in the night, dazzling? .
In the Song Dynasty, the custom of decorating lanterns in Shangyuan became more prosperous. Song Taizu Zhao Kuang personally issued a letter to increase the holiday time of Lantern Festival, and increased the lighting time from three days to five days, from the 14th day of the first month to the 18th day of the first month. The lanterns made in the Song Dynasty are more exquisite and luxurious than those made in the Tang Dynasty, and the Lantern Festival is more prosperous and lively. Let's learn a sentence from Xin Qiji, a great poet in the Song Dynasty. Jade box? On the Lantern Festival, we can see the grand occasion of the Lantern Festival at that time:
One night, the east wind made up thousands of trees and flowers, blowing off the stars and rain. BMW carved cars are full of incense. Phoenix flute moves, jade pot turns, fish dragon dances all night.
During the Lantern Festival in the Song Dynasty, the government encouraged the public to enjoy the lanterns and stipulated that anyone who went to Yujie to enjoy the lanterns would be given a glass of wine. Therefore, people watching lanterns are crowded and stay up all night. Rulers use the Lantern Festival to show off their songs and dances, but this often puts a burden on the poor. Huangshi Hakka dialect records a story that Cai Xiang, the satrap of Fuzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty, forced every household to light seven lanterns on the Lantern Festival. At that time, a scholar named Chen Lie made a giant lamp more than ten feet high and wrote a poem on it, which was ironic. Rich Yi Deng, a drop in Taicang; The poor family is a lamp, and the father and son cry each other.
The romantic satrap knows this, but he still hates music! ?
Since the Song Dynasty, riddles have appeared, that is, riddles are tied under a lamp, so that people watching the lamp can guess while watching the lamp, which increases people's interest in life and sets off the festive atmosphere.
Most notably, after the Qing Dynasty, ice lanterns were introduced into the Central Plains. Because Manchu used to live in the northeast Heilongjiang, the climate is cold and the freezing season lasts for several months, so there has always been the custom of making ice lanterns. After the Chinese ruled the Central Plains, ice lanterns also spread to the Central Plains. At present, the Ice Lantern Festival is held every year from New Year's Day to Spring Festival in Northeast China, especially in Heilongjiang. However, the production methods and modes have been modernized.
Lu You, a writer in the Song Dynasty, described an interesting story about the Lantern Festival in Volume 5 of Notes of the Old Xuegong: in the Song Dynasty, a man named Tiandeng became a state official because of his name? Deng? With what? Lights? Homophonic, in order to avoid his taboo, he forbade people around him to talk about any harmony? Deng? Homophonic words. ? Those who touch will be angry, and those who receive will be answered by the list. Anyone who accidentally violates this taboo will be beaten or sentenced. Because? People who touch it will be angry? , so I accidentally violated the ban and received this? List answer? There are countless people. In order to avoid anonymity, people all over the state have to say? Lights? For what? Fire? ,? Light a lamp? You just scream? Ignition? .
This year, the Lantern Festival is coming. According to past practice, the Lantern Festival is celebrated by setting off Kongming lanterns. It has become a well-known custom that the government puts on lights and people watch and appreciate them. To this end, the government should post a notice to inform the public in advance, so that the public can come and watch at that time. At this time, people who work in government offices feel very headache: anyway, what is written on the notice? Lights? Words are inevitable. But if it says. Lights? Words, will violate the taboo of state officials; But no? Lights? Words, meaning can not be expressed.
This matter really stumped many people who did things. The person who wrote the notice racked his brains and decided to let it go? Lights? Change this word to? Fire? Words. So, the whole city watched this one? Will it last forever? Notice: On the Lantern Festival? According to the rules of this state, set fire for three days? .
At first, the local people, especially the guests from other places, were puzzled. They mistakenly thought that the government really wanted to set fire to the city for three days! Some people run away in fear because of fear? Hurt the fish in the pool? .
When everyone finally learned the whole story, they all felt angry. People not only ridicule Tian Deng as a? Set fire to state officials? And said with resentment: What is this world? Only state officials can set fires, and people are not allowed to light lamps! ? so this is it？ Only state officials can set fires, and people are not allowed to light lamps? The origin of this idiom.
Only state officials can set fires, and people are not allowed to light lamps? It has become a classic sentence that people ridicule and attack those in power who oppress the people and do evil, and it has been passed down to this day.
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