Cultivation method of Podocarpus (basic knowledge): The best breeding time: May or September is the best time for Podocarpus to breed, turn over pots and plant.
Best growing soil: I like fertile and moist acidic soil, and I want to loosen and drain well acidic humus soil and sandy loam soil.
Growth humidity requirements: Lohan bamboo likes humidity and is afraid of water accumulation. After pouring the basin, it should be watered for the first time, then keep the soil moist, and don't pour too much, otherwise it will easily rot the whip and root. From pot filling to survival stage, water is often sprayed on the leaves. If there is no water in the basin, the bamboo leaves will curl. At this time, water them in time, and the bamboo leaves will unfold again. 65438+ water once every 0 to 2 days in summer, and water less in winter, but ensure that the basin soil is moist and prevent "dry freezing".
Optimum growth temperature: Loarhat bamboo likes humid, warm and humid climate, and has low cold resistance, which can resist light frost and extreme low temperature around 0℃, but when it encounters long-term low temperature of 4 ~ 6℃, the plant suffers from freezing injury.
Best growth light: Lohan bamboo likes light, but it is afraid of the sun exposure in the dry season in the north, and it is also slightly resistant to shade and moisture.
Matters needing attention in cultivation of Podocarpus: fertilization:
Lohan bamboo should not be applied with too much fertilizer. Too much fertilizer and water will lead to steep branches and leaves, which will affect the appearance. From March to September, the decomposed thin liquid fertilizer is applied once a month. Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus or decomposed livestock manure should be used as base fertilizer and watered once to keep the stems Huang Liang and leaves green. However, too much nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied, so as to avoid the excessive growth of each node, forming a Buddha's belly and reducing the ornamental value.
Potted arhat bamboo fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer mixed with pot soil when potted. After bamboo survives, it should be properly topdressing, and "thin fertilizer should be applied frequently". 0.5 {BF} urea or 1.0 {BF} compound fertilizer should be applied in spring and summer.
Water supply point:
(1) Lohan bamboo should be watered more, especially in the morning and evening.
(2) Arhat bamboo is a water-resistant and wet plant, so it should be watered frequently to keep the soil moist, but there should be no water in the basin.
(3) Water the basin for the first time after irrigation, and then keep the basin soil moist, and don't water it too much, otherwise it is easy to rot the whip and root.
(4) From pot irrigation to survival stage, water should be sprayed on the leaves frequently. If there is no water in the basin, the bamboo leaves will curl. At this time, water them in time, and the bamboo leaves will unfold again.
(5) In summer, the bamboo grows vigorously and the temperature is high, so water it once in the morning and once in the evening.
(6) It should be moved indoors in winter, and the leaves are dusty. Water should be sprayed appropriately to make the leaves look more green and beautiful.
(7) When bamboo shoots just emerge from the soil, water should be controlled to inhibit their growth. When the soil in the basin is dry and the bamboo leaves wilt slightly, water can be sprayed on the leaves first, and then watered for about 1 hour, and repeated several times. When the bamboo shoots grow to about 40 cm, the bamboo joints are basically formed, and normal watering can be resumed.
Pruning points:
(1) When the new bamboo shoots are unearthed about 10 cm, they need to be peeled, and one piece can be peeled every other day, which can shorten the bamboo 2 ~ 3 meters long and dwarf it into a small bamboo about 30 cm.
(2) After the bamboo shoots are fixed, the over-dense branches, overlapping branches, cross branches and branches that affect the appearance should be cut off.
(3) Bamboo shoots that grow too long should be cut short to promote the development of lateral branches and make the overall appearance beautiful.
(4) Bamboo shoots with inappropriate growth position, too dense and long abdomen should also be cut off in time.
(5) The lateral branches near the base are all cut off to show the sparseness and grace of the green bamboo.
(6) After the plant is finalized, the newly unearthed bamboo shoots should be removed in time to maintain the charm of the original bamboo forest.
(7) Re-planting when dividing plants in September; If Hsinchu is thin and long, which affects the shape, it should be cut off in time.
Pot soil replacement: the planting of arhat bamboo should be replaced every February. Choose slightly acidic soil, and it is best to mix loose sapropelic soil and fertile mineral soil. When changing soil, the old soil and the old part should be removed, so that new roots can grow easily. Planting should choose shallow pots, control the growth of roots, and let the unearthed bamboo shoots grow up slowly and thicken horizontally. In summer, the rainwater is evenly mixed, and the water of potted bamboo adapts. Most of the unearthed bamboo shoots are short in section and large in abdomen. In late autumn, the weather is dry, bamboo pots are short of water, and bamboo shoots are long and flat. The overwintering temperature shall not be lower than 5℃. In order to keep the basin soil relatively moist, leaves are often sprayed with clear water. Apply decomposed liquid fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer every half month during the growth period to promote the growth of bamboo shoots and the formation of arhat bamboo.
Breeding point:
1, ramet: the method of ramet propagation is adopted. Dig some plants in autumn and plant them separately. In the north, potted plants can only be planted in greenhouses or planting tanks. For example, all kinds of bamboos are planted in rows, and brick partition walls should be made in the planting tanks to prevent underground stems from colluding with mixed planting. Phyllostachys pubescens should be replaced with soil and planted separately in February every year. Choose slightly acidic soil, and it is best to mix loose sapropelic soil and fertile mineral soil. When changing soil, the old soil and the old part should be removed, so that new roots can grow easily. Planting should choose shallow pots, control the growth of roots, and let the unearthed bamboo shoots grow up slowly and thicken horizontally. In summer, the rainwater is evenly mixed, and the water of potted bamboo adapts. Most of the unearthed bamboo shoots are short in section and large in abdomen. In late autumn, the weather is dry, bamboo pots are short of water, and bamboo shoots are long and flat. The overwintering temperature shall not be lower than 5℃. In order to keep the basin soil relatively moist, leaves are often sprayed with clear water. Apply decomposed liquid fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer every half month during the growth period to promote the bamboo shoots to be strong and the Buddha's belly to be shaped.
2. Cutting: New and old plants are clustered, and the temperature rises from March to May every year. Before the new shoots germinate, the tender stems of 1 ~ 2 years old in the cluster are cut off from the base and soaked in water for 1 day and night, so that the bamboo stems can absorb enough water and cut off most of the leaves, and can survive after planting, and can be used for ornamental germination in the same year or the next year. Cutting was carried out in the middle and late March of spring, with tender bamboo stalks of 1 ~ 2 years old as cuttings, and inserted on the stout main lateral branches or secondary branches, with 3 node buds per panicle, leaves were cut off from the upper part or a few leaves, and nodes were inserted into the wet sand bed. It can take root in about 1 month, and can be transplanted into nursery for cultivation in about 2 months, and can be planted in pots or in the open field for 3-4 years in the following year. After 1 seedling, more seedlings can be produced, and a few seedlings are left each time, which can germinate into new clumps in the next year or be planted in the nursery.
Pest control:
Diseases: Common diseases include rust and moles. Prevention and control methods: Spraying 2000 times of 50 {BF} wettable powder for rust and 500 times of 50 {BF} thiophanate-methyl WP for nevus.
Pests: The pests that are easy to occur are scale insects and bamboo locusts. Control method of scale insects: 1. Spraying mirex in nymph stage and adding proper amount of kerosene, the mirex spray has the function of sealing suffocation. 2. Spray an aqueous solution of washing powder. The method is as follows: firstly, the washing powder is dissolved in water according to the ratio of 65,438+0: 65,438+000, evenly stirred and left standing for 6 hours, then 40 {BF} omethoate emulsion or dichlorvos emulsion is added, diluted according to the ratio of 65,438+0: 65,438+0,500, and sprayed for 2-500 in time. After spraying for 2 ~ 3 days, the whole plant should be washed with clear water. You can also use 60-degree white wine, according to the ratio of 1: 2, when the scale insects start to move in spring. Watering four tablets 1 time, then every 15 days/time, and continuous watering for 8 ~ 9 times can achieve the control effect. For other methods, please refer to the pest control part of Cycas.
Control method of bamboo locust: spray 90 {BF} trichlorfon 1500 times.
Podocarpus cultivation: Podocarpus hydroponics: Podocarpus should be potted and washed. The roots of Podocarpus are hard and not easy to rot after hydroponics, but it takes one and a half months to sprout new roots. Try to choose the tender bamboo with perennial roots in that year, wash the roots and dry them as much as possible, then disinfect them with potassium permanganate and dry them, then soak them in B 12 for 5 minutes and then dry them slightly. Fix the roots with a planting basket and ceramsite, put the planting basket on a container, keep the water level about 1 cm from the bottom of the planting basket (the roots of plants will automatically grow to the water surface), keep the ceramsite moist, and spray water on the bamboo leaves several times a day.
Experience of cultivating arhat bamboo: 1. In high temperature season, potted arhat bamboo should be moved to the shade to avoid exposure to the hot sun. And spray water on the leaves to keep them green. Potted arhat bamboo in winter should be moved to the leeward or indoors. Pot loading time. The best potted time is February and March before bamboo shoots appear in spring, September and June in autumn, and 65438+ 10, among which February is the best for ground cover bamboo. Summer and autumn are clustered with bamboo shoots, and March-May spring is better.
2. Shade tolerance but too weak light is easy to produce yellow leaves, and poor ventilation will breed parasites.
3. Always spray water on the leaves during the growing period.
4, yellow water, yellow leaves caused by long-term watering, manifested in the yellow and dull young leaves, no obvious changes in the old leaves, small yellow-green roots, and short new buds. To control water, if it is serious, you can get out of the pot and dry the soil in the shade and then plant it again.
5, drought yellow, due to lack of water or less watering, leaves yellow. Old leaves turn yellow and fall off from bottom to top, but new leaves generally grow normally. The amount and frequency of watering should be appropriately increased.
6, fat yellow, due to excessive fertilization or high concentration, the new blade tip appears dry brown, the old blade tip is dry and yellow, and the leaves are generally thick and shiny, but most of them are uneven. Should stop pouring fertilizer or rinse fertilizer with clear water.
7, lack of fertilizer and yellowing, potted flowers are only watered for a long time without fertilization, or the pots are not changed for many years, the roots are agglomerated, the plants are not fertilized, and the leaves are yellow. In addition to changing the pot in time, you should be thin and fat at ordinary times.
8. After the newly planted bamboo bonsai is watered, it should be maintained in a cool place for about 10 day, then in a semi-cloudy and semi-sunny place for 5 days, and then carefully maintained in a sunny, ventilated, warm and humid environment. Because pots and pans are shallow and contain little soil, exposure to the hot sun in summer is easy to damage the roots, so it is necessary to shade them properly. In late autumn and early winter, when the minimum temperature drops to about 5℃ at night, it should be moved indoors and the room temperature should be kept at about 8℃. Too high room temperature is not conducive to the growth in the coming year. In the south, as long as the pots and pans are buried in the soil in the lee of the sun, they can survive the winter safely.