1. Shelf selection There are many hedges and T-frames currently used in production.

Hedge frame

T-frame

Hedgehog is suitable for fan-shaped pruning with multiple main branches, which is characterized by no trunk, 3-5 main vines off the ground, easy renewal, full use of shelf surface, high yield, but easy to appear crowded shelf surface, poor ventilation, easy to move out of load-bearing parts and difficult to stabilize production; T-frame is suitable for high-width vertical pruning method, which is characterized by independent plants placed on the frame, free growth of new shoots, light disease, high yield and easy management.

2. Plastic method

(1) Multi-main rattan plate. In the same year of planting, when the height of the seedlings is 40 ~ 50 cm, the core is picked, and the secondary branches with good growth and development at the base are left as the remaining main vines. When pruning in winter, leave 40 ~ 60 cm for the main vine in the middle and 30 ~ 50 cm for the short pruning on both sides. After germination in the second year, each main vine should choose 2-3 new shoots with good growth and development and suitable position, and bud should be removed in time. When cutting in winter, leave 1 ~ 3 short branches on each main vine as the bearing mother branches in the following year, so that they are evenly distributed on the frame surface.

Multi-main vine fan pruning

1. The first year of plastic surgery 2. Plastic surgery in the second year 3. Plastic surgery in the third year.

1. The first year of plastic surgery 2. Plastic surgery in the second year 3. Plastic surgery in the third year.

Pruning fruiting branches in winter, and pruning in winter every year can update single branches or double branches.

(2) vertical shaping. Leave a strong bud to grow up after planting the bud of that year, and all the other buds are smoothed out. Tie the new tip to the post in time to avoid lodging. When it grows to 1.6 meters, remove the core, leaving two secondary tips with equal growth, which are tied to an iron wire in the middle to continue to grow. Leave 2 ~ 3 leaves for the secondary branches on the extension branches of the main branch to remove the core. Core the extended branches of the main branches in late July, and then core the top secondary branches every 10 ~ 15 days. Cut it short at the first core of the main branch in winter. In the second year, the two main branches continued to grow until the two adjacent tips collided, and they picked the core and developed into the main vine. Leave permanent fruiting branches on the main vine with an interval of 8 ~ 10 cm. Only two buds and short branches are pruned every year to complete the shaping.

Height-width vertical forming

1. The first year of plastic surgery 2. Plastic surgery in the second year 3. Plastic surgery in the third year.

prune

(1) winter pruning

① Pruning period: from defoliation period to bleeding period of the following year.

(2) Pruning method: In order to prevent the cut from drying up, it is generally pruned at the first bud node before the reserved buds, 2 buds are reserved for the high-width vertical bearing branches, and pruned at the third bud node, and 75,000 to 90,000 bearing branches are reserved per hectare. The fan-shaped hedge frame should be trimmed with short tips (1 ~ 4 knots), middle tips (5 ~ 7 knots) and long tips (more than 8 knots) according to the variety characteristics, and reasonably matched. Results The updating and pruning of the mother branch was divided into two branches and one branch.

Schematic diagram of pruning results of mother branch update

1. Two-branch regeneration 2. Single branch regeneration

③ Treatment of ocular trauma: suitable for vertical or long tip pruning. The closer the bud of grape branch is to the incision, the higher the germination rate, and the base of long branch hardly germinates. In order to reshape or cultivate fruiting branches in suitable parts, eye trauma treatment can be used to achieve twice the result with half the effort. Half a month before the bleeding, the eye wound scissors or grafting knife were used to cut to the cambium 2 ~ 3 cm in front of the bud, so that the bud at the eye wound site developed into a new bud.

(2) Summer pruning

① Bud wiping: After germination, in order to prevent the nutritional competition between new shoots and promote the initial growth and development, the buds or new shoots that are too strong, too weak and out of place should be wiped off as soon as possible.

(2) Tie the tendrils: When the new buds grow to 30-40 cm, tie them 3-4 times. Put the new suction head evenly on the shelf. Tie the tooth tip with soft and durable materials, and use the "8" button or horseshoe button to prevent the new tooth tip from being worn. And the tendrils are removed together with the binding tips.

(3) Nucleation: 4-7 days before the flowering of the denucleated fruiting branch, the unexpanded leaves at the top of the new branch of the fruiting branch are removed. The earlier the flowering period, you can pick the core lightly when the growth is vigorous, and vice versa.

Core-picking of secondary branches: take out the secondary branches from the base before and after flowering, so as to ventilate the cage surface and promote fruit bearing. Repeated coring of vigorous new shoots and secondary branches with 4 ~ 5 nodes below the ear 1 ~ 2 leaves.

Core-taking of main branches: In late July, leave 20 leaves on the new shoots for core-taking.

(4) Twisting branches: Twisting branches at the base of new shoots can promote fruiting and inhibit excessive growth of new shoots.

⑤ Ring cutting: At the end of May and the beginning of June, ring cutting was carried out on the bearing branches of Wang Shu according to the width of branch diameter 1/5, which could make the ear mature 4 ~ 7 days earlier.