If the nipple of an adult female is sunken under the skin surface of the areola and does not protrude from the plane of the areola, resulting in a small orifice shape, it is called nipple inversion. The degree of nipple inversion varies. Some only show nipple retraction. In severe cases, the nipple is concave or even inverted. Nipple inversion not only hinders the beauty of the breasts, but also hinders the lactation function, and is difficult to clean locally. The sunken area easily harbors dirt and often causes local infection. The breast ducts are connected to the depression, and inflammation can spread into the breast and cause Mastitis should be corrected.

Nipple inversion is mainly congenital, but can also be caused by trauma or surgery, breast tumors, and fibroplasia after mastitis. The main cause of congenital nipple inversion is poor development of the smooth muscles of the nipple and areola. These muscle fibers are pulled inward, coupled with the lack of supporting tissue under the nipple, resulting in nipple inversion. Invagination usually occurs bilaterally at the same time, but may also occur unilaterally. If the inverted nipple can come back with a little squeeze or pull, it is called mild nipple inversion, which can also be called reversible nipple inversion. This type of nipple inversion can be corrected through non-surgical conservative treatment. The best time for treatment is before marriage or early pregnancy. Specific methods include manual traction and instrument traction.

Manual traction: squeeze the nipple out of the skin by yourself, pinch the nipple horizontally or vertically with your thumb and index finger, and pull the nipple outward continuously or intermittently, for about thirty minutes each time, on both sides of the nipple Alternate. 3-5 times a day. Instrumental traction: that is, using a manual or electric breast pump to suck out the nipple using the principle of negative pressure, and also sucking and pulling the nipple continuously or intermittently for 30 minutes each time, alternating both sides, 3-5 times a day. The above two correction methods can achieve better results after two months.

Irreversible nipple inversion, that is, severe nipple inversion, can only be corrected through surgery. The surgery is to completely release and stretch the inverted muscle fiber bundles, and fill the surrounding tissue under the nipple to enhance the support of the nipple, make the nipple bulge and reshape it. Surgery is generally performed under local anesthesia. There are various surgical techniques, which can be selected purposefully according to the specific situation. The surgery is performed within the areola. The surgery is small and will not leave obvious surgical scars. Under normal circumstances, there will be no damage. The sensory nerve of the nipple, so after surgery, it will not hinder the normal feeling of the nipple. Surgery generally does not damage the breast ducts, so it will not cause breastfeeding problems.

It is worth mentioning that after surgical correction of nipple inversion, there is still the possibility of recurrence. Therefore, 5-7 days after the operation, after the sutures are removed, manual traction of the nipple is still required for 1-2 months. , if conditions permit, instrument traction can also be used to consolidate the curative effect and prevent recurrence of nipple inversion