16-20 can plant chrysanthemum seedlings with roots; In a centimeter-caliber mud pot, three tiles are placed at the bottom to block the drainage hole, but not the drainage. Then some culture soil (which can be composed of 40% garden soil, 30% green chaff and 30% decomposed chicken house manure, or 70% garden soil and 30% green chaff ash) is added, and chrysanthemum seedlings are placed in the center of the pot, and the seedlings are righted and compacted with soil to keep the soil. When the seedlings grow up, they should be replaced with 23-27 cm pottery pots according to their growth needs. When changing pots, if there is decomposed base fertilizer, it can be used as base fertilizer to pad at the bottom of pots to supplement the nutrition of culture soil, which is beneficial to plant growth.
water
Watering is a routine and meticulous work, and it is also the key to chrysanthemum growth. It is best to water rivers, ponds and stored rainwater with less mineral water. The water temperature should be close to the soil temperature, and it should be watered at noon in winter and in the morning or evening in summer. The amount of watering depends on the weather, soil and seedlings: in the high temperature and dry season, the evaporation is large, and it is watered 1-2 times a day; Water less or no water in cold rainy days. In case of heavy rain, it should be watered in time to avoid waterlogging, rot and death of chrysanthemum roots. See the seedlings and master the water demand law of chrysanthemum in different growth stages. Newly transplanted and potted chrysanthemum seedlings must be watered enough for the first time, and the amount of water at seedling stage should not be too much. With the growth of chrysanthemum seedlings, the temperature will gradually increase and the water quantity will also increase. The evaporation is small after removing the core and shaping, so it is necessary to reduce the watering amount and return to normal after germination. After the growth period, when the buds are ready to release, the water demand is more, and the water demand will decrease after flowering. It seems that before watering, check whether the topsoil is white, and then water it when the soil is white. Avoid continuous watering of wet basin soil. If the pot soil is too wet for a long time, it will cause chrysanthemum seedlings to wither or die. If soil splashes on the leaves after watering or raining, it should be washed with clear water in time, otherwise the leaves will fall easily.
Step 3 apply fertilizer
The amount and time of fertilization depend on the growth of chrysanthemum seedlings. If the leaves are thin and yellow, it means that the fertilizer is insufficient; Thick black leaves indicate excessive fertilization. The growth period of chrysanthemum is mainly based on nitrogen application, and the principle of thin chemical fertilizer application is adhered to. Fertilization at seedling stage is light and the dosage is small. Generally, once every 10- 1 5 days 1 5% decomposed human excrement is applied. In the middle growth period, the demand for fertilizer increases. Fertilize once every 3-4 days, but consider the differences between varieties and individuals, such as applying more coarse seeds instead of fine seeds, applying less dark green leaves and applying more yellow-green leaves. During the budding period of chrysanthemum (half a month before the bud begins to germinate), the use of nitrogen fertilizer must be stopped, and exogenous fertilization should be carried out with 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate once a week, ***3 times. After the bud is formed, continue to use concentrated nitrogen fertilizer (20%-30% decomposed human feces) until it blooms. When applying fertilizer, it is necessary to prevent the fertilizer from splashing on the leaves, and the residual fertilizer on the leaves should be washed with clear water immediately. Be sure to water the next day after fertilization (commonly known as "backwater").
4, removing core and bud
Removing the top of the main branch can promote the flowering of new branches, control the height of plants and prolong the flowering period. For example, after the last topping, Xiao Ju can blossom after 70 days, and chrysanthemum can blossom after 80 days. Generally, the number of enucleation of chrysanthemum is 3 times, and that of Xiao Ju is 5 times. Half a month after chrysanthemum transplanting (the end of mid-June), the plant height is about 20 cm, and the first coring can be carried out. The method is as follows: leave 3-4 leaves at the base (3-4 buds can germinate) and pick all the main leaves at the top. About 25 days later, the axillary buds of the leaves grow side branches again. At this time, leave two leaves under the lateral branches, pick all the others, and then stop for 25 days (usually 4 days before beginning of autumn or 3 days after autumn begins at the latest). The method is as above. Xiao Ju's every worry, about 18 days apart, stopped in late August. After the chrysanthemum stopped, new techniques and new buds sprouted, and these new buds should be pulled out at any time. After half a month (late August), cut off the new branches and redundant branches, leaving only 5-7 evenly distributed technical strips as needed. Chrysanthemum buds are many. In order to achieve the predetermined number of flowers and flower uniformity, from the beginning of 10 to the middle of 10, 10, only one bud with the same size as the whole plant is left on each branch, and other buds are picked again, but not all at once, otherwise the damage can't be made up.
5, column
Chrysanthemums tend to lodging easily when they grow up, so a pillar should be set up next to the trunk of chrysanthemums in late July. The number of columns can be increased or decreased according to the number of flower heads, and the column material is made of thin bamboo poles. When flowering, tie each flower at different distances and angles to make it evenly distributed, neat and beautiful.
Question 2: How to plant potted chrysanthemums? Chrysanthemum is a famous flower in China. It has many varieties and bright colors. Besides high ornamental value, it also has certain use value and edible value. It has been deeply loved by the people for thousands of years. Chrysanthemums can be divided into early chrysanthemums that open in September, autumn chrysanthemums from 10 to 1 month, and late chrysanthemums from1February to the following year1month. In northern China, there are many autumn chrysanthemums in autumn. After autumn, you can see them standing proudly on the balcony of street flower beds, green belts and residential areas.
Chrysanthemum is a perennial herbaceous flower, which likes a cool climate, abundant sunshine and well-ventilated environment, and is cold-resistant and frost-resistant. With strong adaptability and vigorous growth, the daily management of potted chrysanthemums is very simple.
Watering: the number of watering and the amount of water should be determined according to the characteristics of each growth period of chrysanthemum. In general, chrysanthemum seedlings are small and watered less in spring, which is beneficial to the development of roots; In summer, plants are large, the temperature is high, and the water evaporates quickly, so it is necessary to replenish enough water in time. Water should be sprayed around the branches and leaves and on the ground to increase the air humidity. The temperature difference between day and night in autumn is large, which is the vigorous growth period of chrysanthemum, so watering should be increased appropriately; In winter, flower seedlings overwinter and need water control. Water in the basin should be avoided at any time in the four seasons. In addition, when watering, we must be careful not to let the muddy water pollute the leaves, because this will not only be troublesome to clean, but also affect the ornamental of chrysanthemums.
Fertilization: Nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer in the growth period of chrysanthemum, so as to apply fertilizer thinly and diligently. Nitrogen fertilizer should be stopped in bud pregnancy and potassium fertilizer should be applied once a week. You can also master it flexibly according to the growth of plants. If the chrysanthemum leaves are thin and yellow, it means that fertilization is needed, while the leaves are thick and black, which means that fertilizer is enough and no fertilization is needed.
Plastic pruning: timely coring pruning can reduce plant height, avoid lodging, promote lateral branches and prolong flowering period. Generally, potted chrysanthemums can be denuded for the first time when they grow to about 5 leaves after being planted in the field, and then they can be denuded again when their lateral branches grow to 4 or 5 leaves ... This situation has been repeated until the work stopped a few days before and after beginning of autumn. During this period, plants will sprout a lot of axillary buds, so they should be pinched off by hand in time to reduce the consumption of nutrients.
Propagation: Chrysanthemum is generally propagated by branches within the family. After chrysanthemum blossoms in autumn and winter, the mother plant will be cut off and many new buds will soon grow. After the spring of the following year, these small buds were dug up together with the mother plant and divided into potted plants.
Overwintering: In the northern region, chrysanthemums need to be moved indoors before overwintering. The specific method is: after the flowers wither, cut off the plants, water them once, put them in a sunny room, keep the room temperature at about three degrees, and strictly control the moisture to make the chrysanthemum roots in a dormant state. Until the weather gets warmer next year, gradually increase the amount of watering, move to a warm and sunny place, and resume normal maintenance. But now many friends don't have the conditions at home, and there is no cold room with suitable temperature, which makes it more difficult for chrysanthemums to survive the winter. Everyone can adapt to local conditions, and those who have no conditions can only give up. It's not bad to buy a new pot of replanting next year.
In addition, chrysanthemum also has the function of resisting harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen chloride. Family planting can not only beautify the environment, but also reduce air pollution, which is beneficial to people's physical and mental health.
Question 3: What should I do if the chrysanthemum is watered too much and the leaves wither?
Question 4: How to raise chrysanthemums? Do you like basking in the sun? Do you still need fertilization after watering for a few days? Thank you! Chrysanthemums can be planted in pots or fields, but continuous cropping is forbidden in the fields. Chrysanthemum has strong adaptability and low requirements for climate and soil, and can be cultivated all over the country. Chrysanthemums like humidity, but avoid water accumulation. Love water and shade, avoid hot sun, and belong to short-day plants. Chrysanthemum is cold-resistant and grows well in sandy soil rich in humus, well-drained and ventilated climate conditions; Germination begins when the temperature is above 10℃, and 20℃-25℃ is the most suitable for growth.
Different cultivation methods of chrysanthemum determine different management methods. This paper mainly introduces the management methods of potted chrysanthemum. Every chrysanthemum lover hopes that the chrysanthemums he cultivates will flourish. In order to achieve this goal, we must do a good job in changing pots, watering, fertilizing, coring and thinning chrysanthemum buds.
(1) Change pots: After chrysanthemum seedlings survive cutting, put pots on cloudy days. Pot soil should choose fertile sand, first small and then large. After changing pots for 2-3 times, pots can be fixed in July, and 6 parts of humus soil, 3 parts of sandy soil and cake fertilizer residue 1 part can be selected to make soil-mixed plants. After watering, put it in the shade, and after the plants grow normally, gradually move it to the sunny place for maintenance.
(2) Watering: timely, appropriate and reasonable watering is required. Its success is directly related to the growth and flowering of chrysanthemum. In spring, chrysanthemum seedlings are tender and should be watered less, which is beneficial to the root development of chrysanthemum seedlings; In summer, chrysanthemum seedlings grow, the weather is hot, the evaporation is large, and the water should be sufficient. You can water it once in the morning and once in the evening, and spray water on the branches and leaves of chrysanthemum and the surrounding ground with a watering can to increase the environmental humidity. Before beginning of autumn, it was necessary to control water and fertilizer properly to prevent plants from jumping and growing wildly. Before flowering in early autumn, it is necessary to increase the amount of watering and start fertilizing. In winter, the flower branches basically stop growing, the water consumption of plants is obviously reduced, and the evaporation is also small, so watering must be strictly controlled.
In addition, it is best to spray water slowly with a watering can, and not to pour it violently. In addition to the number and frequency of watering, it depends on the season and the weather. Water less or no water in rainy days; When the temperature is high and the evaporation is large, there is more water, and vice versa. Generally, when watering flowers, you should see that the soil in the pot is dry. If you don't do it, you should water it thoroughly, but don't let the flowerpot accumulate water, otherwise it will cause rotten roots, yellow leaves and plant death.
(3) Fertilization: When chrysanthemum plants are planted, base fertilizer should be applied in the pot. In the future, when topdressing plants, don't overdo it prematurely, and generally apply light fertilizer once every 10 day. After beginning of autumn, when the chrysanthemum buds are pregnant to the present buds, slightly thick fertilizer water can be applied once a week; When the buds are ready to be released, fertilization will be suspended after applying thick fertilizer water again. If calcium superphosphate or 0. 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be applied to chrysanthemum at this time, the flowers will bloom more brightly.
It should be noted that every fertilization should be applied when the soil in the basin is dry, and the soil should be loosened before fertilization, and then watered. Don't pour fertilizer on plants and leaves to prevent them from turning yellow and rotting. After fertilization, it is best to spray water on plants with a watering can to wash off the fertilizer solution on the leaves of plants.
(4) Picking and thinning buds: when the chrysanthemum plant grows to a height of more than 10 cm, it begins to pick the heart. When the core is removed, only 4-5 leaves are left at the base of the plant, and all the upper leaves are removed. When the new branches grow 5-6 leaves in the later leaves, 4-7 main branches should be retained by coring, and the branches and buds that grow in the later leaves should be removed in time. As the saying goes, "chrysanthemums are not full", pinching can make plants branch, effectively control plant height and plant type, and make them grow short and strong. When the core is removed for the last time, the chrysanthemum plants should be trimmed, and too many branches, too many branches and too weak branches should be removed, and 3-5 branches should be kept. When the buds appear in September, the buds at the lower end of the plant should be picked, leaving only one bud at the top on each branch. In this way, each pot of chrysanthemum can bloom 4-7 flowers, and the flowers will be bigger and more ornamental.
Question 5: How to raise potted chrysanthemums (simple and practical version) How to plant chrysanthemums 1. Changing pot soil is an important stage in the whole growth process of chrysanthemum, which usually needs to be changed 2-3 times. Transplanting in a small pot with a diameter of about 12cm at seedling stage, in a pot with a diameter of about 15cm at seedling stage and in a pot with a diameter of about 20 cm before bud differentiation. At this time, fertilizer should be added in time. Only in this way, the flowerpot will gradually increase, and the soil in the pot will gradually increase, which will be conducive to supplying the right amount of water and fertilizer needed in each growth and development stage, spraying new high-fat film and shortening the rate of slow seedling.
Second, chrysanthemums like fertilizers, and improper fertilization can easily lead to excessive growth. Therefore, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be the main base fertilizer. Topdressing should not be too early. If the leaves are small and thin and yellow, spray 0. 1% urea solution several times until they turn green. From late autumn to early flowering, there should be sufficient fertilizer and water, and its concentration should be gradually increased, and attention should be paid to increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, which can make the color of flowers positive and the flowering period long, and spray a new high-fat film in time, greatly improving the rate of restricted components of pesticides.
Thirdly, proper water control is the only effective measure to make chrysanthemums grow short, dense, fat and barefoot. Potted chrysanthemums should be watered in a timely and appropriate amount. Even in the vigorous growth period, the daily watering amount only needs to be kept until it evaporates at noon during the day. Spray foliar water once every morning and evening in hot weather, and spray a new layer of high-fat film to adjust the water absorption.
Fourth, during the budding stage, lateral buds sometimes appear on the branchlets under the terminal buds. Except for those who need to be preserved, the lateral buds should be removed as soon as possible to promote the hypertrophy of the terminal buds, and the timely spraying of Zhuangdiling can promote the robust buds, plump petals, bright colors, rich flowers and prolonged flowering period. As the saying goes, "flowers need green leaves." During the growth of potted chrysanthemum, reasonable fertilization, watering and pest control can not only prevent the dead leaves from falling off, but also ensure the green leaves and improve the ornamental effect.
5. Spraying Wang Cuihua No.3 in time can transform the vegetative growth of plants into reproductive nutrition, inhibit the overgrowth of main shoots, promote the differentiation of flower buds, blossom more, and timely topping can also effectively depress the plant height. The time and frequency of pit removal of potted plants vary according to different plastic arts. Generally, 4-7 flowers are left, and 4-5 leaves are left for coring after chrysanthemum seedlings are planted. When 4-5 leaves grow on the side branches, 2-3 leaves are left on each side branch for the second coring.
Question 6: potted chrysanthemums are not short of water. Why are the leaves so fuzzy? Improper planting and insufficient water.
Maintenance methods can refer to the following contents:
1, culture soil configuration. Chrysanthemum substrate should be slightly acidic sandy loam with good drainage, looseness and fertility. Generally, river sand with good permeability is selected and mixed with garden soil and humus soil. The ratio is humus soil: garden soil: river sand = 4: 4: 2. If possible, it is best to spray the culture soil with disinfectant such as formalin or carbendazim according to the concentration in the instructions for disinfection.
2. Water resources management. Water management in chrysanthemum growing period must be carried out according to the principle of "watering in time during drought and draining in time during waterlogging". And make sure that the buds have enough water before and after pregnancy. Watering can also be combined with fertilization, but we should also pay attention to "seeing wet and seeing dry", that is, it should not be semi-dry and semi-wet, nor too wet. There is also spraying foliar water 1 time on the leaves every morning and evening.
3. Control fertilization. Organic fertilizer (usually used as base fertilizer) should be fully applied to chrysanthemum growth. In the vegetative growth period, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer, and some phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and trace element fertilizer can be applied in combination, which can make chrysanthemum branches stout and straight, and also make leaves thick. In the middle and late stage of chrysanthemum growth, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied mainly, and special fertilizer for flowers can also be applied. Fertilization methods can be combined with soil topdressing and root topdressing, and watering should be done in time after fertilization. Note that if the chrysanthemum leaves are small, thin and yellow, you can spray 0. 1% urea solution several times.
4. Placement and lighting. The daily management of potted chrysanthemum should not only do a good job in soil, fertilizer and water management, but also take timely management measures such as rotating pots and pulling pots according to the growth and environmental conditions of potted chrysanthemum to avoid the influence of light and other reasons on the growth and development of potted chrysanthemum. It should be noted that chrysanthemum is a short-day plant. The experiment shows that chrysanthemum grows nutritionally under the long sunshine of 14.5 hours per day, and the darkness of 12 hours per day and the night temperature of 10℃ are suitable for flower bud development.
5 plastic trimming. The spatial distribution and crown shape of potted chrysanthemum directly affect the ornamental value of chrysanthemum. It is very important to shape and prune chrysanthemum during its growing period. Potted chrysanthemums can be made into fan-shaped crowns, umbrella-shaped crowns, semi-circular crowns and triangular crowns as required. Generally, in the early growth stage of potted chrysanthemums, according to the growth of branches, seeds should be picked and buds should be smeared irregularly to promote branches and shape the ideal crown shape of plants.
6, wipe the buds and sparse the buds. Many axillary buds will germinate in the strong seedling stage of chrysanthemum, so it must be pinched off in time, otherwise it will consume a lot of nutrition. During bud pregnancy, lateral buds sometimes appear on the branchlets under the terminal buds. Except what needs to be preserved, the lateral buds should be removed as soon as possible to promote the hypertrophy of the buds. It should also be noted that in the late growth period and flowering period, branches that affect flowering and flower quality can be removed as needed, and residual flowers can be cut off in time to save nutrients and meet the nutrient requirements of flowering flowers in the later period.
7, pest control. The main pests and diseases of potted chrysanthemum are powdery mildew, brown spot, aphid and mite. Many diseases mostly occur in the environment with high air humidity, insufficient light, poor ventilation and large temperature difference between day and night. Therefore, reasonable control of air humidity, humidity and temperature is the main means to prevent these diseases. Carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl can be used as the main physical control methods.
Question 7: What should I pay attention to in chrysanthemum potted plants? Potted chrysanthemums are more troublesome to manage than chrysanthemums planted in the field. Generally speaking, there is a job to be paid attention to in managing chrysanthemums.
1) Select the appropriate soil. If it is a cut chrysanthemum, it should be planted in a pot on a cloudy day or a cloudy day after the cut chrysanthemum. The soil in the pot should be loose, fertile and sandy. Plants have to change pots several times during their growth. When planting, if 60% humus soil, 10% cake fertilizer residue and 30% sand can be used, plants can flourish and the possibility of flower branches being eroded by pests and diseases can be reduced.
2) Reasonable watering. Whether watering is reasonable or not has an important relationship with the growth of chrysanthemum. First of all, water should be done in time. For example, in hot summer, water evaporates quickly, so it is advisable to water it once in the morning and replenish "leaf water" at night. When watering the leaves, it is advisable to spray the whole chrysanthemum and the ground with a fine-eye watering can to increase the humidity in the surrounding environment and air of the chrysanthemum, but don't wet the pot soil to avoid the chrysanthemum seedlings growing in vain. In spring, chrysanthemum seedlings are young and tender, so watering should be less and not more, but too much will hinder root development; In winter, the flower branches have basically stopped growing and are in the wintering period, so the plants themselves consume less water; Coupled with the cold weather, there is little evaporation of water in the soil, so watering must be strictly controlled. In short, the watering frequency and amount should be determined according to the different periods, seasons and climate (temperature and air humidity) of chrysanthemum growth. For example, there is no need to water in rainy days, less water in cloudy days and more water in sunny days; When the temperature is low, water less or not; Water more in summer; Water properly in spring and autumn, and control or not water in winter. Also note that the water temperature for watering should be consistent with or close to the soil temperature at that time. Never water the flowers with cold well water in hot season, which will cause serious physiological damage to the flowers. In addition, watering should be done slowly with a fine-eye watering can, and it is not allowed to be washed with fierce water. No matter what season, you can't water too much, otherwise it will cause rotten roots, yellowing and even plant death.
Question 8: How do potted chrysanthemums spend the winter? President Zhang of China Chrysanthemum Association reminded that compared with other flowers, the cultivation of chrysanthemums has certain technical difficulties, and high temperature in winter will lead to excessive aphids, so it is necessary to open the window frequently for ventilation and maintain a suitable room temperature. But not in the shade, chrysanthemums also need plenty of sunshine. Don't put on weight every day just because chrysanthemums are born in cold weather. When watering the flowers, pour some low-concentration fertilizer into the water. When the flowers begin to change color, fertilization should be stopped until the early autumn of the following year.
Chrysanthemum is a herbaceous plant, native to China, with a long history of cultivation and a wide variety, but its colors can be roughly divided into yellow, white and pink. It often blooms after a hundred flowers and before the severe winter, and it is a cold-loving herbal flower.
The noble spirit and unique living environment of chrysanthemum touched the literati of past dynasties and left many excellent works. For example, Tao Yuanming, a poet in the Jin Dynasty, wrote the poem "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge and seeing Nanshan leisurely", which fully regarded the poet's character and sentiment as an eternal classic. So chrysanthemum can not only beautify the environment, but also cultivate people's sentiment.
In addition, chrysanthemum has high medicinal and edible value, and has the effects of expelling wind and removing dampness, benefiting liver and nourishing yin, clearing away heat and toxic materials, regulating lung and improving eyesight.
Since chrysanthemum has many advantages but no disadvantages and is deeply loved by people, how to raise chrysanthemum well?
Now, let me introduce how to raise chrysanthemums. (Family potted plants only)
It can be roughly divided into the following categories:
1. Because chrysanthemum is a herb with a cold disposition, it is best to buy flower seedlings in spring and summer.
2. After the flower seedlings are bought, the base fertilizer should be buried in the flower soil to make the flower seedlings grow strong, and water should be poured every other day to ensure that the flower seedlings can get enough water.
When the flower seedlings grow up, they should be transplanted into larger flowerpots to make them grow better.
4. After the flower seedlings are fully grown, they should be cultivated one by one. Chrysanthemums have no seeds, and only rely on underground roots to propagate new seedlings.
5. If insects appear on the flowers and leaves after flowering, don't spray pesticides, which will damage the flowering plants. Spraying them with grey water can ensure the safety of flowers and plants, although it is slow.
Question 9: How to water daisies? Summarize the characteristics and cultural background of daisies.
What time is it now?
1. Daisies are cold-resistant in winter, but they are afraid of severe frost and air drying.
2. Fertilization need not be done frequently, but only once every 2-3 weeks.
3. Daisies like sunshine, but they are not tolerant of shade during the growing period.
Daisies bloom badly in hot summer and die easily. If they are dug up and transplanted in a cool place, they can bloom again in autumn.
Spray moisturizing to promote the growth of fibrous roots and make plants small and strong ~
Good luck,