1, shortcut

Cut off some 1 annual branches. According to the severity of cutting, it can be divided into light cutting, medium cutting, heavy cutting and extremely heavy cutting. Light and short pruning refers to pruning vigorous 1 annual branches by about 1/4, so as to alleviate the growth of branches, promote the growth of more short and medium branches and cultivate various branches.

2. Medium-short cut refers to the annual branch of 1/3 ~1/2. Full buds are selected from the cutting mouth to promote the growth of medium and long branches, which are often used to cultivate tree skeletons and cut main branches and side branches.

3. Heavy cutting refers to cutting off the weaker 1 annual branches by more than 1/2, so as to promote the growth of branches and make the growth of trees from weak to strong, and using the regeneration and pruning of main branches, lateral branches and fruiting branches. Extremely heavy short cutting is to leave only 2~3 weak buds at the base of branches for short cutting to promote the growth of medium and short branches, which is used to cultivate small and medium-sized fruit branches.

4. After cutting short the annual branches of Prunus mume/Kloc-0, the growth intensity of the branches is different due to the different quality of cutting buds, branch position and extension direction. The upright branches with full and vigorous cutting buds are easy to produce vigorous branches after short cutting, which can be used to cultivate the trunk of trees; On the contrary, it is easy to produce medium branches or weak branches, which can be used to cultivate fruiting branches.

5. Short pruning is generally not conducive to the formation of flower buds, but for weak trees or weak branches, moderate short pruning can reduce the total number of branch buds, improve tree nutrition, and be beneficial to flower bud differentiation. Proper pruning of long branches and middle branches can improve the fruit setting rate.

6. Branches with sparse bases. Proper thinning of branches that are too dense or improperly planted can improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, save nutrient consumption and be beneficial to flower bud differentiation. However, the number of sparse branches, especially the number of sparse perennial branches, should not be too much at a time, so as not to cause excessive growth and affect the yield of that year. Retracting perennial weak branches is beneficial to the centralized supply of nutrients and promotes the regeneration and rejuvenation of weak trees.

7. Let some 1 annual branches grow naturally without any pruning, which can slow down the growth of trees and promote flower bud differentiation. For the slow release of upright branches, it is necessary to grind or sprain them from the base surface first, otherwise the effect is not good. Slow-release branches, after flowering and fruiting, must be cleaned in time, or cut short, or retracted, to ensure the integrity and beauty of the tree, which is conducive to fruit.

8. Pruning can adjust the relationship between fruit tree growth and fruiting, maintain vigorous growth and fruiting ability, and maintain stable yield. Pruning of plum trees can be divided into summer pruning and winter pruning.

Extended data:

Construction methods of plum trees in different stages;

1, pruning method in young tree period

For the newly planted plum tree, it is in the young stage, growing very vigorously, and the main branches are easy to form. Therefore, attention should be paid to make it form a good tree shape and expand the crown of young trees during pruning. In order to ensure the yield of early fruit trees, pruning should not be too heavy, so as to achieve the purpose of transporting nutrients normally and slowing down the growth of buds.

For new seedlings, short pruning can be used, that is, cutting off a part of annual branches, about a quarter, which can slow down the growth of branches, produce more short and medium branches, and cultivate various types of trees. There are great differences in the growth ability, growth direction and extension direction of annual branches after short cutting.

2. Pruning method in the initial stage of results

After two to three years of planting, plum trees have entered the fruiting period and started to form yield. The purpose of pruning in this period is to improve the tree shape, expand the crown range and cultivate as many fruiting branches as possible.

Pruning should try to shorten the main branches and reduce the density of branches, which can improve the ventilation conditions of plum trees, increase illumination and save nutrients. But the number of truncation should not be too much, so as not to cause unnecessary growth. Observe the growth direction and position of branches inside the crown, and try not to cut them as long as the direction is appropriate.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-plum tree