Fugui bamboo is native to Gali Islands and tropical areas in Africa and Asia, and has been introduced to China in large quantities since the late 1980s. Generally, it is used for inserting bottles or potted plants at home, especially the "tower-shaped" shape from Taiwan Province Province, also known as "Kaiyun Bamboo", which has high ornamental value. There is a saying in China that "flowers bloom with wealth, and bamboo reports peace". Fu Guizhu's leaves and stems are beautiful, soft and elegant, full of bamboo charm, so they are very popular with people. [2]
(Overview reference: China Plant Image Library [3])
gingkgo
Xingyunzhu
Latin scientific name
Dracaena sander
Another name
Wanshouzhu, Wanshouzhu, Kaiyun Bamboo, Fuguita, etc.
boundary
plant kingdom
door
Vascular endothelial cell
quick
navigate by water/air
Geographical distribution, growth habits, propagation methods, cultivation techniques, disease control, common varieties, main values, plant culture.
morphological character
Fuguizhu is a small evergreen foliage plant. The height of the plant can reach 2 meters, the plant is slender, and there are branches on the upright upper part. Rhizomes are transverse and nodular; The stems are stout and erect, and the plants are exquisite.
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Xingyunzhu
Leaves are long and lanceolate, like bamboo; Leaves alternate or nearly opposite, papery, long lanceolate, with 3-7 main veins, short petiole and dark green leaves. The leaf length is 13-23 cm, the width is 1.8-3.2 cm, the edge is white or yellowish white, and the petiole is 7.5- 10 cm.
Umbellies have 3- 10 peanuts in leaf axils or opposite upper leaves, perianth 6, corolla bell-shaped, purple. Berries near the ball, black. [ 1]
geographical distribution
Native to the Gali Islands and tropical regions of Africa and Asia. China introduced it in large quantities in the late 1980s. [2]
Growth habit
Fugui bamboo likes humid and high temperature, waterlogging resistance, strong fertilizer resistance and cold resistance, and likes semi-shady environment, which is suitable for growing in well-drained sandy soil or semi-muddy sand and alluvial clay.
Fu Guizhu likes warm environment, the temperature is suitable 18℃~24℃, and it can grow all year round. When the temperature is lower than 13℃, plants will hibernate and stop growing. When the temperature is too low, tan patches will appear at the tip and edge of leaves due to insufficient water absorption by roots. The minimum wintering temperature should be above 10℃.
Fu Guizhu does not require much light, and is suitable for growing in bright scattered light. Excessive light and exposure can cause leaves to turn yellow, fade green and grow slowly. [2]
breeding method
Selected bamboo leaves are raised in this way, with strong roots and steady growth.
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Attention 02:00
Hydroponic bamboo is clean, but soil culture is better. Hurry up and use this method to change soil for farming.
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grow seedlings
Generally, stem segments without leaves are taken for cutting, the length is 5- 10 cm, and it is best to have three internodes, which are inserted in sand bed or semi-muddy sand, and the upper and lower ends shall not be inverted. Spring and autumn can take root in 25-30 days, and can be planted in pots or transplanted into fields in 35 days. [5]
Cutting propagation method
First, cut off the top ear branch or the top ear of the lateral bud, which is about 15-20cm (4-5 internodes), then directly insert it into sandy soil or semi-muddy sandy soil field, bury it between two sections of soil, and water it once a day after insertion to keep the soil moist. Generally, it can take root in 30-35 days in spring and 35-45 days in autumn and winter. [5]
cultivation techniques
Soil culture
Land selection
Because Phyllostachys pubescens is an ornamental plant that likes humidity, it is advisable to choose paddy fields with convenient irrigation and drainage and loose and fertile soil to accelerate its growth and shorten the production cycle.
Soil culture
Set up a sunshade
Building a shade shed is to cover a sunshade net, and the rice field is built with wooden columns or cement piles. The wooden column is required to be 2.4m high and 0.4m deep. If 4 wooden posts (or cement posts) are used in 20 square meters, about 30-35 wooden posts are needed per mu, and the roof of the shed is fixed with iron wire or nylon rope. Then according to per mu 10 bundle of plastic sunshade net (width 1.5m/ 100m 55 yuan/bundle), cover the shade and surround it with nylon rope.
planting density
When preparing soil, the ridge height 15 ~ 20cm, the ridge width 120 ~ 150cm, and the ridge ditch is 25cm. Apply 30 tons of decomposed farmyard manure per mu, fully level it, and then sow. The planting specification is 8×5 inches or 6×5 inches, and more than1.5 ~ 20,000 plants can be planted per mu. Generally, planting should not be too dense, and the planting depth should be 2.5~3.5 cm (that is, 4 seedlings and 2 seedlings), with appropriate spacing.
Scientific fertilization
When transplanting, apply golden branches and jade leaves (rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and so on. ) and then transplant. After 20 days of planting, the plant begins to sprout new roots, which can be drenched with 30~40 loads/mu of manure water once. After 30~40 days, depending on the growth of seedlings, apply fertilizer once, mainly compound fertilizer, per mu 15~20 kg. After application, the soil is cultivated. When the plants grow to 35~45 cm high, the required nutrients also increase, which is the initial stage of plant growth. Urea 10~l5 kg is suitable, and at the same time, it can be combined with spraying extra-root fertilizer, using neochrysanthemin or spraying plant auxin to promote growth balance, thicken leaves and stems and improve stress resistance. [6]
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Xingyunzhu
Hydroponics
basic elements
Before planting, the leaves at the base of the cuttings should be cut off, and the base should be cut into oblique mouths with a sharp knife, and the incision should be smooth so as to absorb water and nutrients. Change clean water every 3 to 4 days 1 time, keep the direction unchanged for 10 days, and grow silvery white fibrous roots in about 15 days. Water should not be changed after rooting, and water can be added in time after water evaporation is reduced. Changing water frequently can easily lead to yellowing of leaves. After rooting, a small amount of compound fertilizer should be applied in time to make the leaves oily green and the branches stout. If fertilization is not applied for a long time, the plants will grow very thin and the leaves will turn yellow easily. However, fertilization should not be too much, so as not to cause "root burning" or ineffective growth. [7]
Hydroponics
Matters needing attention
Cut off the leaves at the bottom from the beginning to prevent the bamboo itself from growing. It depends on the size of the bottle. Be careful to cut off the leaves under the bottle mouth. Also, the bottom of the root should be cut obliquely for a short period, and the incision should be smooth, so that the elegant building can absorb water better. In addition, the following matters should be noted:
Water quantity: control water quantity and use water selectively, and the water quantity only needs to account for about one-third to two-thirds of the bottle. Usually only add water without changing water. After rooting, you can change water to clean the bottle. You can hardly change water after rooting, just add a proper amount of water to the bottle. When the weather is dry in summer, you should spray more water on the leaves.
Temperature: The indoor hydroponic temperature of Fu Guizhu should be well controlled, because Fu Guizhu likes temperature, and 16 to 25 degrees is moderate, which is not suitable for breeding in cold places. Anti-freezing measures should be taken. Cold is easy to cause plant death, so don't put it in cold places such as balconies and windows in winter, and don't let the water freeze. Let the rich bamboo have enough light time, even if it is cultivated indoors, don't put it in the sun. The correct place is in a cool and ventilated place.
Fertilization: According to the actual situation, fertilizer can be applied once every 30 days on average. Proper fertilization can keep the leaves oil green and stretch for a long time, or add appropriate culture solution. Shading the roots helps to take root (you can temporarily wrap the roots with newspapers, but you can take root without doing so).
Placement: Don't place the rich bamboo beside the TV or where air conditioners and electric fans often blow, so as to avoid the dryness of the blade tips and edges. It is best to put it in a well-lit place. [8]
disease control
anthrax
harm
Anthracnose is a serious disease that harms southern Fugui bamboo. The soil is too sticky, airtight, the drainage is not smooth, the plants are too dense, and the temperature and humidity are high. Guangdong can occur from March to 10, especially in summer and autumn. The disease mainly damages leaves and stems.
symptom
anthrax
At the beginning of the disease, grayish brown spots appeared on the tip or edge of the leaf; The focus is irregular or semicircular, with gray-white center, dark brown edge and yellow halo around it. The wheel marks on the lesion are obvious or not obvious, and there are small black spots scattered on it.
Prevention and treatment
In winter and spring, the sick and disabled should be removed and burned centrally, and lime should be sprinkled to sterilize and disinfect the soil.
Improve the permeability of the garden, pay attention to open cultivation, clear ditches and drain stains after rain, reduce the humidity in the field, and it is not suitable to apply nitrogen fertilizer.
Spraying drugs in time can control diseases by alternately spraying 800- 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil +70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder (1: 1), 800 times of 50% thiophanate-methyl compound, 600-800 times of galenical wettable powder, or 25%. Or 600 times of 60% Dover Moisturizing Powder, 1000 times of 50% Moisturizing Powder, or 69% Anke Manganese Zinc +75% Chlorothalonil (1: 1) 1500 times, spraying continuously for 3-4 times with an interval of 60. [9]
Stem rot
harm
Stem rot caused the death of Fu Guizhu and reduced its ornamental value. High temperature and humidity are common from May to September, mainly damaging leaves and stems.
Stem rot
symptom
The leaves at the base of seedling stem turn yellow; The stem base rots, turns yellow and becomes soft; The inside of the stem turns red; The germs gradually destroy from the lower incision upward.
Prevention and treatment
Cultivate strong and well-organized plant seedlings; Remove diseased plants and burn them centrally; Deep drainage ditch, raise the border by 25 cm for planting.
Soak the lower incision of the seedlings with 3000 times of 42% Kejunjing powder or 1000 times of 88% shuimycin for 24 hours. [9]
leaf spot
harm
Leaf spot bacteria are mainly transmitted through wounds, and the disease is serious under wet conditions. The incidence rate is the highest in Guangdong from May to September, which is due to the high climate temperature, high humidity, frequent typhoons and showers, making the disease extremely popular. This disease is highly contagious and will rot the leaves and stems of plants.
leaf spot
symptom
The skin lesions are brown spots with yellow edges at the beginning; After expansion, the focus is nearly round, the center is grayish white, the edge is dark brown, and the periphery is yellow; Under wet conditions, black particles appear at the lesion.
Prevention and treatment
Prevent plants from being too dense and keep ventilation and light transmission.
At the initial stage of onset, 42% Kejunjing powder 1 times, 88% Hydramycin 1000 times or 800 times of 25% copper ligand were sprayed every 5-7 days for 2-3 times. [9]
root rot
harm
Root rot occurred in June+February ~ March, 5438, and the pathogen mainly entered through the incision, followed by the vascular bundle of seedlings.
symptom
root rot
After picking bamboo, the head becomes soft and rotten, the buds do not germinate or are irregular, the emergence rate is low, or it occurs at the base of the plant stem.
Prevention and treatment
Choose germ-free seedlings, don't pick bamboo in the rain or when the rain is not dry, and combine organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer for reasonable fertilization.
After bamboo cutting, spray medicine in time. Use 70% thiophanate methyl 1000 times solution first, 58% thiamphenicol 1000 times solution after 5-7 days, and then 75% chlorothalonil 1000 times solution after 5-7 days. 1.8% can be added to the liquid medicine. [9]
Common varieties
Yinzhu
Yinzhu
The green edge of the leaf has a silver-white broadband or edge, which is very obvious and eye-catching. Silver-edged bamboo should be placed in bright places indoors, such as windows, to make the spots look bright and enhance the ornamental effect. Don't let the sun shine directly, or it will scorch the tip of the leaf or even the whole leaf.
Phyllostachys pubescens in Phnom Penh
Phyllostachys pubescens in Phnom Penh
It forms a pair of sister varieties with silver-edged Fu Guizhu, but the difference is that the leaf margin has pale yellow, white or gold edges or longitudinal stripes, which are beautiful, elegant and gorgeous, with natural and unrestrained posture and full of bamboo charm.
Silver-hearted and rich bamboo
Silver-hearted and rich bamboo
Unlike Fu Guizhu, a golden heart, Fu Guizhu has a silver-white longitudinal stripe in the center of its leaves.
Jin Xin Fuguizhu
Jin Xin Fuguizhu
There are yellow-green or golden longitudinal stripes in the middle of the plant, which is quite special. Fu Guizhu is a stout plant with dark green leaves. [ 10]
Main value
Potted ornamental: Because of its beautiful appearance, it is mainly used as potted ornamental plants with high ornamental value. [ 10]
Purify air: Fu Guizhu can purify indoor air. [2]
plant culture
meaning
Rich bamboo symbolizes the prosperity of flowers, the peace, auspiciousness and prosperity of bamboo, hence the name. The beauty of rich bamboo is inseparable from its auspicious name. Its leaves are slender and natural, the leaves are green, and the stems are characterized by bamboo joints, but they are not real bamboo. There is a saying in China that "flowers bloom with wealth, and bamboo reports peace". Fu Guizhu's leaves and stems are beautiful, soft and elegant, full of bamboo charm, so they are very popular with people. [ 10]
systems modelling
Pagoda type
Pagoda type
Fu Guizhu has vigorous growth, strong vitality, strong reproduction and easy management. According to these characteristics, bamboo is propagated in large quantities, and many stems of different lengths are cut down to form pagodas. The top of each rhizome should be equipped with bamboo shoots, and bud eyes should be reserved, so that the top of each pagoda can sprout and grow branches and leaves to form a new living pagoda.
Column type
Column type
Put two pots of rich bamboo on both sides of the hall screen, and let them grow freely without moving or pruning for a long time, which can reach more than 1 meter high, forming green columns.
Bottle bonsai
Bottle bonsai
Cut off the stem and tail of Fu Guizhu, about 20 cm long, put it in a vase or vase, put it in a water depth of 5 cm, and change the water every few days. Usually put it in a few cool and ventilated boxes indoors, it can keep the leaves green and interesting for a long time.
Jungle bonsai
Jungle bonsai
When Hsinchu grows up, cut off the old, weak and dense bamboo, trim and shape it appropriately, and make it into a jungle style; After shaping, the dry stems and old leaves in the lower bamboo stems are stripped, and green, bright and shiny bamboo joints can be seen, dotted with rocks, and the ornamental effect can be improved. [ 1 1]
put right
reference data
[1] Fuguizhu. Flora of China [citation date 20 16-05-24]
[2] Cultivation techniques of Fugui bamboo. CCTV. 20 14-07- 16[ reference date 20 16-03-08]
[3] Fuguizhu. China plant image database [reference date 20 16-05-24]
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Water-fed rich bamboo: make your wealth happier
Since Fugui Bamboo was introduced to Chinese mainland through Taiwan Province Province in 1980s, it has been widely known for its low propagation difficulty, tall and straight green appearance and longevity, and a large number of planting and trading have been carried out. In the flower and bird market, Fu Guizhu's demand for fertilizer is not high, and the water used is clear, which gives the gardener more creative space.