Filling teeth: The most common dental disease is tooth decay, which means that the hard tissues of teeth (enamel and dentin) are destroyed by acid and decalcified to form cavities. Because the tooth itself has no ability to repair, after the cavity is formed, only the method of tooth repair can be adopted. First, the bad tissue around the cavity is removed, and then it is filled with suitable materials to restore the shape and chewing ability of the tooth and further prevent the cavity from continuing. This method of selecting suitable filling materials according to the size, depth and location of holes is usually called filling teeth.

There are many kinds of materials for filling teeth, and different materials should be selected according to different situations.

1, depending on the nature of the substance:

(1) Mercury agent: composed of mercury and alloy powder;

(2) Resin: composite resin of synthetic resin and gutta-percha of natural resin;

(3) Metal salt cement powder: such as zinc phosphate cement powder.

2. According to the time that the material stays in the cavity, it can be divided into:

(1) Short-term materials, such as temporary hole sealing materials used in the treatment process, clove oil zinc oxide cement powder can be used within 2 weeks, and zinc phosphate cement powder can be used within half a year;

(2) Long-lasting materials, that is, permanent filling materials, are used to replace the dentin in the cavity for a long time, such as amalgam and composite resin.

Amalgam: it is an amalgam compound formed by the interaction between mercury and silver-tin alloy powder, which is most used in clinic. Mostly used for class I and II holes that need to bear bite force and class V holes that don't need to consider aesthetics; Internal fillings for post-core or full crown restoration of teeth. When restoring teeth with amalgam, it is necessary to maintain a certain volume to bear the bite force without breaking; Because amalgam is not cohesive with tooth tissue, it is necessary to prepare a box-shaped hole and design a well-designed retention form, so that amalgam and teeth can be closely attached and embedded, and can be well isolated from water, so that amalgam restorations can be firm and lasting.

Composite resin: it is a filling material in which a large number of specially treated inorganic substances are added to organic synthetic resin. With the help of tooth surface treatment technology, it is bonded to the hard tissue of teeth and is mostly used to fill ⅲ and ⅴ cavities. There are also high-strength composite resins that can be used to fill Class I and Class II cavities of posterior teeth. Bonding technology can also be used to repair class IV cavities and teeth with serious tooth defects. Photosensitive curing composite resin, with stable color and strong adhesion, is especially suitable for the restoration of anterior teeth; Although the chemical curing composite resin has slight discoloration, it is simple to operate and is also suitable for the tongue (palate) cavity of posterior teeth and anterior teeth.

Polycarboxylate cement powder (also known as polyacrylic acid cement powder): it is a cushion and cement material. It can be used as a cavity bottom material, a cavity sealing material within half a year, a root canal filling material, an adhesive for bonding crowns and bridges of dental restorations, and an excipient can also be added as a periodontal plugging agent.

Glass ionomer cement powder: it is a universal material that can stimulate dental pulp and bind hard tissues of teeth, but its strength is lower than that of amalgam. Suitable for class III and V cavities, used to fill deciduous teeth and used as cavity sealant to prevent dental caries.

Zinc phosphate cement powder: also known as permanent cement powder and zinc cement. It can be used as a bearing material for deep holes and double bottoms, as a hole sealing material within half a year, and can also be used for crown and bridge restoration in oral cavity repair.

Clove oil zinc oxide cement powder: also known as temporary cement powder and butoxy paste. Used as bottom non-load-bearing material of deep hole double bottom, or non-load-bearing single bottom material, as temporary hole sealing material for 1 ~ 2 weeks, as root canal filling material, with excipient as periodontal plugging agent.

Calcium hydroxide cement powder: it is a new type of pulp-protecting matrix material. Used as the base material of class III and V cavities, used as the base material for protecting dental pulp to block the stimulation of composite resin on dental pulp, and used as direct and indirect pulp capping agent.

Toothpaste: It becomes soft and plastic when heated at 40℃ and hardens after cooling. The auxiliary material use for root canal filling can temporarily seal that cavity, or the temperature of the teeth can be teste after heating.

If it is amalgam filling, avoid eating within 24 hours after filling, and use it only after it is completely hardened. If you make up synthetic resin, try to drink less coffee and tea, smoke less and avoid coloring. You need to brush your teeth carefully every day, especially at the joint between teeth and teeth, and you need to pay attention to prevent tooth decay from happening again. Theoretically, it is best to check the fillings once every six months, because the fillings, like real teeth, will wear or fall off with time. Once a defect is found, it should be dealt with as soon as possible to avoid turning it into a big hole and regretting it.