Matters needing attention in the forging process

1. The forging process includes: cutting materials into required sizes, heating, forging, heat treatment, cleaning and inspection. In small-scale manual forging, all these operations are carried out by several forgers in a narrow place. They are all exposed to the same harmful environment and occupational hazards; In large forging workshops, the hazards vary with different jobs.

although the working conditions vary according to different forging forms, they have some common characteristics: moderate-intensity manual labor, dry and hot microclimate environment, noise and vibration, and air pollution by smoke.

2. Workers are exposed to high-temperature air and thermal radiation at the same time, which leads to the accumulation of heat in the body. Heat plus metabolic heat will cause heat dissipation disorder and pathological changes. The perspiration amount of 8 hours' labor will vary with the small gas environment, physical consumption and thermal adaptability, generally between 1.5 and 5 liters, or even higher. In a small forging workshop or far away from the heat source, the Behaviour thermal stress index is usually 55 ~ 95; However, in a large forging workshop, the working point near the heating furnace or the drop hammer machine may be as high as 15~19. It is easy to cause salt deficiency and heat spasm. In the cold season, exposure to changes in microclimate environment may promote its adaptability to some extent, but rapid and too frequent changes may pose a health hazard.

air pollution: the air in the workplace may contain soot, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, or acrolein, and its concentration depends on the fuel type and impurities contained in the heating furnace, as well as the combustion efficiency, airflow and ventilation.

Noise and vibration: A-shaped forging hammer will inevitably produce low-frequency noise and vibration, but it may also have certain high-frequency components, and its sound pressure level is between 95 and 115 decibels. The exposure of workers to forging vibration may cause temperament and functional imbalance, which will reduce their working ability and affect safety.