Because democracy is centered on such powerful people, some historians believe that there was no real democracy in Jewish society before. However, this is a helpless thing in any era.
Even in modern society, it is impossible to achieve true democracy. Indeed, "in the past, ordinary people had no say in the internal laws and regulations of Jewish groups", but from the perspective that the purpose of * * * is to ensure the survival and peace of all Jews, ordinary people are still conscious and willing to share the operating costs, so this can be called substantive democracy.
In the past, Jews were not recognized as having the right to live with local residents in any country, so they had to form their own Jewish settlements. In Islamic areas, almost every city can see Jewish settlements. But in Europe, Jews are forcibly isolated in one area, which is the policy of apartheid. At that time, Jews living in the same place had two advantages: first, Jews could better support each other and educate the next generation; Secondly, landowners can manage Jews as a whole.
The taxes distributed by the government to Jews are collected through representatives of Jewish society. In addition, there are various funds within Jewish society, such as the renovation of synagogues, the salaries of rabbis and teachers, the management fees of cemeteries, the operating expenses of schools and bathhouses, the salaries of butchers and clerks in other fields, and charitable funds for the poor. However, to raise so much money, it is not enough to rely solely on poll tax, but also to implement progressive tax according to income. If someone evades taxes, he will be purged from Jewish society.
In modern times, individual freedom has been widely recognized, and Jews have also obtained equal civil rights. In this case, the sanction of expulsion has no absolute disciplinary effect, but for the ancient and medieval Jews who have no fixed place, being expelled from Jewish society means the death penalty.
Now no matter which country's Jews pay taxes directly to the government, there is no Jewish agency to pay taxes on their behalf. However, the executive bodies and representative committees aimed at mutual benefit among Jews are still very active all over the world. These executive bodies are diverse, ranging from the International Zionist Association and its executive bodies, Jewish institutions, Jewish National Fund, Anti-Defamation League (ADL) and Jewish Mobilization Federation, to Jewish councils, committees and women's federations in towns and villages, all of which play an active role at all levels. In addition, fund-raising parties and charity sales for the above-mentioned institutions are also quite active.
In Japan, talking about "donation" is a political donation with a dirty purpose. When it comes to "donation", it refers to the sponsorship fee paid to private schools or donated to charities or religious groups. Except for the joint fund-raising in Yugen area and the donation from the mutual aid movement at the end of the year, all the donations are related to personal interests. These donors always want to get some benefits through donations.
Jews, rich or poor, don't weigh their own gains and losses when donating money. No matter how poor they are, Jews
I am willing to squeeze out a little from my meager living expenses as a donation. "Property" is like "God gives it back". As for how the money donated by the Jews will actually be used, or what kind of return can be obtained from it, these are not issues that the Jews consider. It is the nature of Jews to be charitable, so they have no wild desires about donations. Members who manage Jewish donations can not only keep the donations for themselves, but also make up names to use.
Alemi came to Corabi and became the most authoritative teacher in Riseth Ku village. His opponent made a rumor that he pocketed his own money. They spread rumors in the street in an attempt to overthrow the authority of the rabbi. Eric came to Corabi without defending this, but one of his disciples wrote a letter to the village chief to prove the teacher's innocence.
"Dear village head, Torah is blessed by sentient beings and righteous people, and we ordinary people can live a stable life. My personal life can be said to be a mirror of Jewish life. I get up every morning to pray, listen to people's complaints at noon and receive visitors at night.
Eric mccullough looked down on money, so the slander against the rabbi was groundless. Every night, the teacher has no money left in his pocket. He helped poor widows and orphans, he generously gave books to poor students, he married young people he didn't know, and he paid ransom for Jews who became pagan hostages. Teachers are so selfless and dedicated to people. Who else can keep everyone's affairs in mind like this The teacher has a little money, but most of the problems he wants to solve are beyond money. Every time the teacher looks up at the sky and prays, hoping that God can give him some help. "
Jews are always generous when their country is in danger or needs to help their compatriots. 1973 when the fourth middle east war broke out, the donations received at the fund-raising meeting in new york could buy two fighter planes within one week. Those who think Jews are rich may not believe that Jews were poor at that time. They did it by donating all their property.
I have a friend who is a Jewish student. He saved more than $600 to get married and donated it all to Israel. He once smiled and said to me, "My marriage can be postponed, but the rise and fall of Israel is just around the corner." His words made my eyes moist.
The Marshall family lives in a slum in Brooklyn. He lives with six children. Although embarrassed, he decided to donate all the overtime pay for one month. It's 3 dollars per hour and about 250 dollars a month. From the rich to the poor, Jews are sparing no effort to contribute to the survival of their nation. This is also a portrayal of Jews.
It is not uncommon for Jews to help other peoples. The Jewish Immigration Association was originally established to receive Jewish refugees from Europe to the United States. 1950 ended, and after its mission was completed, it began to provide free services to other ethnic groups and help them rebuild their lives, such as helping Cuban refugees and people fleeing from the turmoil in Hungary and the Czech Republic. Shortly after the war, in Hiroshima? Girl A who was injured in the atomic bombing in Nagasaki received plastic surgery and other treatments in the United States, and the Jewish women's group "Hadassah" bore all her expenses.