Walnut trees are managed in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and the specific operations are as follows:

1. Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day in spring, management mainly includes painting white, applying base fertilizer, watering, pest control, shaping and pruning.

In early spring, the branches are painted white with the "Tree Protection General" and then sprayed in the whole garden, which can not only disinfect, prevent frost, keep warm and eliminate overwintering pests and diseases, but also restore the life system of walnut trees and make them wake up early. For orchards that did not apply base fertilizer last year, it should be applied immediately after the soil thaws. After fertilization, orchards with irrigation conditions should be watered once, and shallow hoeing should be done in time to preserve moisture.

Walnut pests and diseases are relatively few, such as rot, canker, longicorn beetle, inchworm, scale insect and so on. When larvae hatch in early spring and early summer, spraying 1500 times of pyrethroids can control pests such as longicorn beetles, inchworms and scale insects. Continue to prune the orchard that was not pruned last year.

2. In summer, pest control, pruning, weeding and tending, composting and other management are mainly carried out around the summer solstice.

Summer is the most vigorous period for walnut trees to grow. During this period, the growth and development of trees directly affect the formation, fruit and yield of trees. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out additional topdressing in summer. General nitrogen fertilizer (urea, ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium sulfate) per young tree 100-500g can be applied in radial, hole-shaped and ditch-shaped, with a depth of 30cm, and then covered with soil. At the same time, according to the flowering and fruiting situation of the orchard, topdressing outside the roots should be carried out before flowering, at the young fruit stage and at the fruit expansion stage, and foliar fertilizer+"Guaguozhuangdiling" should be sprayed to protect the flowers and strengthen the fruit, promote the fruit expansion and prevent the fruit from falling.

Pay attention to insect prevention from June to July. In addition, pruning should be carried out during the growth period, and the dry height should be kept above 3 m. Do not prune after defoliation, otherwise it will easily cause bleeding and affect the growth of trees. In summer, some dwarf crops such as soybean, potato, melon and peanut can be intercropped, and topdressing, irrigation and drainage, loosening soil and weeding can all be carried out at the same time to achieve the goal of double harvest of fruit and grain.

3. In autumn and winter, it mainly manages intertillage, weeding, plastic pruning and pest control.

Pruning period and main tasks are from walnut harvesting to leaf yellowing (from mid-September to165438+1early October), mainly removing over-dense branches and shading branches; Retract the drooping branches; Adjust the skeleton structure of the tree. In addition, pruning in autumn promotes strength and is suitable for pruning weak trees, old trees and walnut trees on the hillside. At this time, it can move the big branches smoothly without injury. The cut caused by pruning is protected by "calluses antiseptic film" to promote the wound healing as soon as possible.

4. Winter is the hibernation period of walnut trees, which is mainly managed by renovating weir, watering garden and applying base fertilizer.

During the winter dormancy of trees, walnuts bleed, so they are not suitable for pruning. Adequate irrigation before soil freezing, combined with autumn ploughing and applying base fertilizer, can promote root absorption, increase the accumulation of stored nutrients and improve the accumulation level of trees.