Interviewer: A reporter from "Famous Doctor" magazine? Ling Qianwen

Interviewed expert: Chief consultant of Chengdu Blue Sky Psychology? Ling Xiong

Ling Qianwen:

Hello, Miss Ling Xiong! Qian Jinfan, an 84-year-old retired cadre in Foshan, has become the oldest transsexual person in China, causing great repercussions in the society. It is understood that he has been thinking about women's lives since he was a child. It was not until the age of 80 that I began to eat hormone breast augmentation and wear women's clothes. Therefore, we planned a related topic "Psychologically analyzing transgender people", hoping to get Ling Xiong's analysis and let readers have a deeper understanding of transgender people.

1. People have different views on transgender people like Qian Jinfan. Some dismiss it as abnormal, some think it is caused by an obsessive-compulsive disorder, some think it is easy to get sick, and some think that transgender is as normal as homosexuality. What do you think of these views? From a psychological point of view, which view is more realistic?

Ling Xiong:

People's different views on transsexuality of Qian Jinfan and others show that it is a complicated and thorny issue to give an exact definition or proper name to transsexuality. The famous research psychologist Havelock? Ellis (Britain) defines this phenomenon as: the opposite sex wants to dress up. It is considered that the opposite sex dressing desire belongs to the neutral category of sex, but it is not easy to explain its exact origin.

From the psychological point of view, the interpretation of the opposite sex's desire to dress up is driven by a sensitive and feminine component in the personality structure. The formation of this component is related to a person's abnormal childhood experience, such as being raised as the opposite sex or being overly attached to his mother. According to the viewpoint of psychodynamics, the basic factor leading to the opposite sex's desire to dress up is castration complex (castration complex is a technical term of psychoanalysis, which refers to: castration anxiety and incest depression caused by unconscious Oedipus in the early childhood of sexual identity development; Childhood is controlled and occupied by mother, which leads to deprivation, hatred or fear of persecution and abandonment. The premise of successfully overcoming the fear of castration is to identify with the father and the law symbolized by the father, so that people can grow up normally. Instead, it will leave a complex that will lead to abnormal life in the future.

In order to interpret Qian Jinfan's transsexuality, Baidu gave relevant information about him. Of all the information, I think the best reason for his transsexuality is that he "remembers that I peed once when I was 3 years old, and others said that he was a boy, which made me very uncomfortable." I thought that if he was a girl, he would be very good and would be liked. " Since then, he gradually admired the traceability of girls' thoughts and actions ... According to the theory of psychological development, people's social identity begins with infants and ends before 18 years old, while the formation of gender identity begins with infants and ends before 8 years old. Qian Jinfan's memory can explain that his female identity has been planted since he was a child, and in the process of his slow growth, his experience of being loved and happy since childhood is closely related to the concept of "being a girl is good" and "being a boy is not good", which has influenced his emotional orientation as a spiritual driving force. In psychological development, he denied boys for a long time, recognized himself as a girl, and was always narcissistic about his inner self-role-girl. In other words, he always thought he was a woman. However, because he is a man and forced by strong rational (ethical or moral) needs, he must accept his male self at the same time. It should be said that he successfully fulfilled his social role as a male husband and father, which was impressive.

Moreover, he believes that when the conditions are ripe in the future, he should realize or restore his spiritual identity: female. Equally amazing is that he faced it calmly and realized what he really needed.

Ling Qianwen:

2. Many people are puzzled by Qian Jinfan's behavior. He wants to live a woman's life, but he still gets married and has children. Moreover, he introduced in an interview with the media that his married life with his wife is not bad. Does this mean that Qian Jinfan is a male "lesbian"?

Ling Xiong:

Homosexuality and heterosexuality have similar dressing desires, but they are not the same thing. The former is to exclude the opposite sex, to be close to the same sex, and the sexual orientation is the same sex; The latter can be close to the opposite sex, and the sexual orientation is not the same sex. Havelock? Alice found that in all cases of sexual deviation, the opposite sex's desire for dressing up is only lower than the incidence of homosexuality; In ordinary life, the parties have no particularly unusual characteristics, and their abilities often surpass ordinary people in spirit. I think, Qian Jinfan's situation is not exactly like Alice's "opposite sex dress desire", because he not only loves to wear women's clothes, but also needs sex change surgery. Although this is like homosexuality, he is not, because his sexual object is not the same sex, but the opposite sex. His transsexual needs are only to realize his early female identity. When he is truly transsexual, whether he has sex with his wife is a question mark. But it can be said that his situation is the subversion of individual gender identity, which belongs to the psychological problem of early gender identity depression and has nothing to do with gay men or lesbians.

Ling Qianwen:

In recent years, "pseudo-mother" has been popular for some time. Would you please talk about the similarities and differences between transsexuals and "pseudo-mothers" from a psychological point of view?

Ling Xiong:

The psychological characteristics and reasons of transgender people have been explained before. "Fake Niang" refers to a group of men who imitate women's tone, habits and hobbies, but wear neutral clothes, mostly adolescent boys, that is, so-called "sissy" boys with feminine taste. The reasons for this phenomenon are also very complicated, mostly related to the media draft, family doting, personal pursuit of bizarre, fashionable and exaggerated emptiness. However, they still identify with their male identity and have different sexual orientations.

Ling Qianwen:

4. What are the reasons that lead to the inconsistency of body gender, psychological gender and social gender among transgender people? Which is the dominant factor, congenital factor or acquired influence?

Ling Xiong:

The reasons for transgender phenomenon are very complicated. Many experts in sexology and sexual psychology believe that it is difficult to find the exact origin of all sexual deviations, and researchers in different fields have different explanations for the reasons. But it almost includes heredity, family education and childhood experience, social culture and other factors. Simply put, it includes congenital factors and acquired factors. Of course, the acquired factor is the main factor.

Ling Qianwen:

5. Is it necessary to adjust the acquired transsexuals through psychological intervention? What are the psychological intervention methods for this kind of people at present? Could you please talk about one or two cases of transgender people that you have come into contact with or know about?

Ling Xiong:

Whether it needs to be adjusted through psychological intervention depends on whether the parties need to adjust. If the client needs psychological counseling, the key point in the counseling process is to deal with the inner conflicts of the client. If there is no conflict or insist on transgender behavior, it is not the object of psychological intervention. The specific psychological intervention methods are different according to the theoretical direction mastered by psychological counselors. (Sorry, we don't do case analysis and presentation here)

Ling Qianwen:

6. For some transgender children, the means that the medical profession can provide in the past is to complete their transgender dreams through two steps: "hormone regulation" and "surgical transformation". However, because they have developed the gender characteristics that they don't agree with before operation, the postoperative effect is not ideal. Therefore, foreign endocrinologists have put forward a solution in recent years, that is, to prevent children's sexual development by artificially synthesizing hormone "developmental blockers". By the age of 16, if children decide to receive hormone therapy, they can start puberty and develop into the sex they want. What do you think of this practice?

Ling Xiong:

I think this is a question involving human rights, ethics and law, and it is difficult for me to answer. With the development of medicine and medicine, its purpose is to meet the needs of human life, including plastic surgery and sex-change surgery. The key is whether transgender children should receive medical treatment, what kind of treatment should they receive, and who will make the decision? How to deal with the poor operation effect? How do adolescent children (or parents) view hormone therapy? These problems are beyond the scope of psychological counseling. Perhaps, these topics and behaviors only involve the will of the giver and the receiver, and mainly depend on the will of the receiver.

Ling Qianwen:

7. Although the society is becoming more and more open, there are still quite a few people who are biased against transgender people. Please analyze it from the perspective of social psychology. What is the attitude of ordinary people towards transgender people?

Ling Xiong:

Since the openness of society is constantly improving, it shows that most ordinary people have adopted an understanding and accepting attitude towards transgender people. Then, we can understand that a small number of people are allowed to be biased. Since it is prejudice, it shows that these people's traditional ideas are deeply rooted, or their personalities lack openness and tolerance. ?

Ling Qianwen:

8. What misunderstandings do you think people tend to have about transgender people?

Ling Xiong:

Myth 1: They are perverts. This is a misunderstanding. In the past, this phenomenon was indeed defined as "abnormal condition". As an objective definition, this definition has long been abandoned, but there are still many people who think they are abnormal. Myth 2, personality distortion. They do have personality problems, such as extreme sensitivity, but this is only a psychological phenomenon of sexual identity variation, not personality distortion. People who hold this view tend to cast contempt and ridicule on transgender people. Misunderstanding 3, personality problems. Transgender people are psychological problems, not personality problems.

Ling Qianwen:?

9. In childhood, how should parents carry out correct gender identity education to avoid the emergence of transgender children?

Ling Xiong:

This problem is a very important topic for all parents, especially China parents. Because China culture enlightened people's suppression and concealment of sex, suppression and circuitous expression of emotion. I want to talk briefly here. First of all, parents should learn the knowledge of children's psychological development in order to master the effectiveness of understanding and expressing emotions when getting along with children; 2) In childhood, pay attention to respect for the child's true identity, such as dressing up a girl, especially making her feel important and loved; Avoid being a girl for boys. 3) The most important thing is that parents should take a calm, natural and direct attitude towards all kinds of sex games or curious questions about sex topics that children showed in childhood, and don't avoid dodging, being surprised, anxious, serious or reprimanding; 4) Parents' learning and guidance. If parents actively guide their children's gender identity education, the premise is that parents need to have a certain understanding of their children's sex education. When answering or dealing with difficult questions, you can respond to your children clearly and calmly. At present, the education system also has courses involving sexual physiology and psychology, and as long as parents respect and love their children's gender identity and have a good attitude towards their children's sex games or topics, it is already a good gender identity education.