1, commonly used materials for rhinoplasty
1. Silicone material
Medical silica gel is a widely used filling material for rhinoplasty in recent years. It has high temperature resistance, stable chemical properties, good corrosion resistance and histocompatibility, non-toxic, non-carcinogenic and non-teratogenic, and can be implanted into human body for a long time without absorption, with high success rate and few postoperative adverse reactions. Even if there are postoperative complications and the appearance is not ideal, it can be easily handled, and the nose shape will be restored to its original state, which will not cause the skin on the back of the nose to relax.
However, when using silicone filler for rhinoplasty, if the tension of nose tip shaping is too high, the symptoms of nose tip redness may appear, so this filler is generally not suitable for some people with low nose tip and short nose bridge. In addition, due to the hard texture of the silicone prosthesis, the touch is not so natural, and the nasal bone is integrally formed, which will not press the nose naturally upward. Moreover, due to its non-porous structure, human tissues cannot grow in, so special attention should be paid to protecting the nose in daily life after operation, so as to avoid strong impact and displacement and shaking.
2. Expansive materials
Expansive materials are softer than silica gel materials and have better compatibility. Tissue can grow into the material. After rhinoplasty, the appearance and feel are natural and realistic, and the stability is good, and it will not shift under heavy pressure. It is also easier for beauty lovers who have a second rhinoplasty or have a thin nose tip.
However, intumescent materials are expensive. When filling, it is difficult to carve because of its soft texture, which requires doctors to have rich clinical experience. And once it needs to be taken out, it will be much more difficult than silica gel. In addition, the most serious problem after operation is the high infection rate, especially the long-term infection rate is much higher than that of silica gel.
3. Autogenous cartilage
At present, autologous cartilage is commonly used in rhinoplasty, such as costal cartilage, nasal septum cartilage and auricle cartilage. Because it is self-tissue, there is no rejection after implantation. But also can keep its original volume and cell morphology for a long time, and it is easy to be carved into the required size and morphology, so the postoperative appearance is more natural. In addition, autologous cartilage has good histocompatibility and is not easy to shift.
However, the use of autologous cartilage for filling is limited, and the operation is difficult and time-consuming. Moreover, taking cartilage from oneself can also cause other injuries, such as pneumothorax when taking costal cartilage.
Injection of rhinoplasty material
Hyaluronic acid is a commonly used material for rhinoplasty. Hyaluronic acid is used as a filler to fill the nose such as the bridge of the nose, and then it is shaped by the injection doctor. Just like an injection, it usually takes about 20~30 minutes, and it is quick to operate without surgery. As long as you take good care of it, it won't bring too much trouble to your daily life.
However, due to the short duration of rhinoplasty by injection, it can only last for 6~ 12 months at a time, and it needs to be injected again at intervals. The degree of rhinoplasty by injection is limited, which is not suitable for some beauty seekers with low nose.
2. Precautions before nasal augmentation
1, be prepared. Choose a trusted medical unit or doctor to perform the operation, so that you can feel confident and safe during the operation, eliminate fear, calm down and actively cooperate with the doctor to realize your good wishes. Don't blindly seek medical treatment, so as not to cause adverse consequences.
2, fully understand the common sense of rhinoplasty, read relevant books, it is best to visit people who have already had surgery and be familiar with the whole process of surgery.
3. There should be no (bacterial) lesions in the front of the prosthetic rhinoplasty, such as folliculitis, furuncle, acne, acute ophthalmia, sinusitis, rhinitis and nasal vestibular furuncle.
4. In order to prevent infection, women and women can't have surgery during menstruation.
5. Prosthetic rhinoplasty is best to take a bath the day before. On the day of augmentation rhinoplasty, the dirt and grease on the face should be washed off with soap before going to the operating table to minimize the number of bacteria. Before the operation, he has to cut his nose hair and clean his nose.
3. Complications of prosthetic rhinoplasty.
(1) Hematoma usually has little bleeding. If there is a hematoma, pay attention to other diseases. When the hematoma is serious, it can be compressed by nasal packing.
(2) Incomplete disinfection, infection, prosthesis problems, rhinitis, sinusitis and other reasons.
(3) The main reasons for the displacement and skew of fillings are that the level of cavities is wrong and the cavities are too large; Medical silica gel is incompatible with surrounding tissues, forming a fibrous capsule, which moves up and down under the action of gravity and external force. The deflection is mainly caused by the deflection of the cavity itself. According to the situation, observe or reoperation or replace the autogenous costal cartilage for rhinoplasty.
(4) The filler exposure mainly occurred in the medical silicone rubber prosthesis, and the exposed parts were mainly at the tip of nose and the lower end of nasal columella. The clinical manifestations are redness, swelling and severe pain, which are often mistaken for infection. If the nose prosthesis is too long and slides down, it will cause skin or mucous membrane necrosis and the prosthesis will be exposed for a long time. Treatment: After half a year, the prosthesis was taken out and augmentation rhinoplasty with autogenous costal cartilage was performed if necessary.
(5) The sense of emptiness at the nasal root and the sense of step on the nasal side are mainly the problems of prosthesis carving, and a few of them are that the prosthesis is not padded to the golden point.
(6) The height and straightness of rhinoplasty are related to the doctor's requirements and the doctor's prosthesis carving.
(7) The discoloration of the back of the nose is often caused by the cavity being too tight, and it generally does not need to be treated; Pay attention to exclude infection and rejection when redness occurs.
6. Do not take drugs containing aspirin two weeks before prosthetic rhinoplasty, because aspirin will reduce the coagulation function of platelets.
7. Patients with hypertension and diabetes should inform the doctor of their condition in detail at the time of initial diagnosis, so that the attending doctor can confirm the operation plan.
8. Before rhinoplasty with prosthesis, make sure that he is healthy and has no infectious diseases or other body inflammation.
9. Don't put on makeup before rhinoplasty.