Granite is a kind of high hardness stone, which is difficult to process. In recent 10 years, due to the wide application of synthetic diamond tools, granite processing industry has developed vigorously and formed special technical equipment. \x0d\x0d\ (1) Processing methods and common equipment \ x0d \ The basic methods of granite processing include sawing, polishing, cutting, chiseling, singeing, auxiliary processing and inspection and repair. \x0d\ 1) sawing is to cut granite blocks into rough plates (generally 20mm thick or 10mm thick) or semi-finished products in strips or blocks with a stone saw. This process is a rough machining process, which has great influence on the yield, plate quality and economic benefits of enterprises. The common equipment for sawing is a large frame automatic sanding saw dedicated to granite; Multi-blade bidirectional cutting machine; Multi-blade computer controlled granite cutting machine and granite circular saw. \x0d\ 2) The purpose of grinding and polishing is to further process the sawn blank plate to make its thickness, flatness and gloss meet the requirements. This process needs to be completed in several steps. Rough grinding and leveling are carried out first, and then semi-fine grinding, fine grinding and polishing are carried out step by step, so that the original color, pattern and luster of granite can be fully displayed and the best decorative effect can be achieved. Commonly used equipments include: automatic multi-head continuous grinder, diamond leveler, bridge grinder, disc grinder, reverse rough grinder and manual grinder. \x0d\ 3) The cutting process is to shape and cut the blank plate or polishing plate according to the required specifications and dimensions with a cutting machine. The commonly used cutting equipment includes longitudinal multi-cutter cutting machine, transverse cutting machine, bridge cutting machine, cantilever cutting machine and manual cutting machine. \x0d\ 4) Shaving is a traditional processing method. The blank is processed into the required product by wedging, chiseling, splitting, dressing and polishing, and its surface can be rock surface, net surface, hammered surface or smooth surface. Common hand tools, such as hammer, chopping axe, chisel, chisel. Some processing procedures can use stone chipper, planer, automatic hammer chisel, automatic sandblasting machine, etc. \x0d\ 5) singeing, also known as spray burning, uses the difference of thermal expansion coefficients of different mineral particles that make up granite to make some particles on its surface expand and fall off by flame spray burning, forming uneven rough patterns. This rough granite plate is suitable for non-slip floor and outdoor wall decoration. The commonly used equipment is granite automatic singeing machine. \x0d\ 6) Auxiliary processing refers to edging, chamfering, drilling, grooving and edging the cut and polished stone as required. Commonly used equipment includes automatic chamfering machine, copying milling machine, thin-wall drilling machine, hand-held diamond circular saw, hand-held polishing machine and so on. \x0d\ 7) After inspection and repair, cracks and holes inevitably exist in natural granite, and small defects may appear during processing. Genuine products are put into storage after cleaning, inspection and drying, and those with slight defects can be bonded and repaired to reduce the rejection rate. This process is usually manual, and automatic continuous purging is used to repair the air dryer in the advanced processing line. \x0d\\x0d\ (II) Processing technology \x0d\ There are four main production lines for granite processing: standard plate production line, thin plate production line, rough decorative plate production line and special-shaped plate production line. \x0d\ 1。 Processing flow of granite standard plate \ x0d \ Raw materials are loaded into the raw material truck by crane, sent to the frame-type sand saw station by car ferry to be sawed into rough plates, then sent to the processes of grinding, polishing and cutting to be processed into smooth plates, and finally inspected, packaged and put into storage. The specific process is as follows: \x0d\ x0d \ lifting raw materials → sawing → washing inspection → rough grinding → fine grinding → fine grinding → polishing → cutting and repairing → inspection and packaging \ x0d \ x0d \ 2. Granite plate processing technology \ x0d \ Granite plate processing is an automatic processing line, which consists of raceway, unloader and other processes. The process flow is as follows: \x0d\ lifting raw materials → sawing into thin plates → cutting → grinding and polishing → cutting → edging, chamfering, grooving, cleaning and drying → inspection and packaging \x0d\ x0d \ 3. Processing technology of granite rough decorative board \ x0d \ Send the granite semi-finished rough board to an automatic roughing machine (according to the required pattern). If it needs to be burned, send it to an automatic singeing machine. The process is as follows: \x0d\ semifinished blank plate → chiseling or singeing → cutting → inspection and packaging \x0d\ 4. Special-shaped plate processing technology \ x0d \ According to the special requirements of users on the shape and specifications of granite plates, design and manufacture templates, such as round and oval countertops, oval hole bathroom countertops, flower windows, etc. , and then processed by copying milling machine. The technological process is as follows: \x0d\ semi-finished plate → trimming → special milling → drilling → edging and chamfering → inspection and packaging \ x0d \ x0d \ artificial marble is composed of modified resin and crushed stone, and it is neutral or alkaline. Artificial stone has a compact structure, so the pores are small and the probability of symptoms is very small. As far as protection is concerned, it is mainly anti-fouling. Its advantage is that the color can be adjusted, which is beneficial to decorate the surface. Its disadvantages are insufficient hardness and inconsistent luminosity. According to the raw materials used in production and production technology, it can be generally divided into four categories: \ x0d \ x0d \ cement artificial marble. This kind of artificial marble takes cement as binder, sand as fine aggregate, and broken marble, granite and industrial waste residue as coarse aggregate, commonly known as terrazzo. \ x0d \ x0d \ polyester artificial marble This kind of artificial marble is made by using unsaturated polyester as binder, mixing with quartz sand, marble and calcite powder, casting, curing under the action of curing agent, demoulding, drying and polishing. In China, this method is often used to produce artificial marble. \x0d\\x0d\ Composite artificial marble This artificial marble consists of inorganic materials and organic polymer materials. After the filler and inorganic material are bonded and molded, the green body is immersed in organic monomer to polymerize it under certain conditions. For the plate, the bottom layer is made of cheap and stable inorganic materials, and the surface layer is made of polyester and marble powder. \ x0d \ x0d \ sintered artificial marble This kind of artificial marble is made by mixing feldspar, timely, pyroxene, calcite powder, hematite powder and a small amount of kaolin, preparing a green body by slurry method, molding by semi-dry pressing method, and sintering in a kiln at a high temperature of about \ x0d \ x0d \ 1000℃. \x0d\\x0d\ Among the above four artificial marble decorative boards, polyester is the most commonly used one, which has the best physical and chemical properties, easy pattern design and good reproducibility, and is suitable for various purposes, but the price is relatively high; Cement type is the cheapest, but it has poor corrosion resistance and is prone to microcracks, so it is only suitable for making plates. The other two production processes are complicated and rarely used. \ x0d \ x0d \ polyester artificial marble (usually referred to as artificial marble for short) is processed by imitating the surface texture of marble, which has similar mechanical characteristics to marble, and the pattern can be controlled and determined by designers with good reproducibility; Moreover, artificial marble has the advantages of light weight, high strength, thin thickness, good corrosion resistance, pollution resistance, good machinability and so on, and can be made into arc, curved surface and other shapes, which is convenient for construction.