In the last two months, she found that the mole became bigger and her black hair grew. Diagnosed by a doctor, the nevus deteriorated into melanoma. The malignant transformation of the disease is related to the patient scratching the mole. A few days ago, Miss Li's fatal tumor was surgically removed by experts in time. According to Professor Zhao Tianlan, director of plastic and cosmetic surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, many moles deteriorate into melanoma because of repeated rubbing, scratching and injury. How did the mole become a fatal tumor? "Most people have moles more or less." The so-called nevus, medically known as pigmented nevus, is a skin tumor composed of nevus cells containing melanin. Zhao Tianlan said that most moles are benign. However, some moles will become malignant and become an extremely terrible tumor-malignant melanoma. Malignant melanoma is caused by abnormal proliferation and malignant transformation of melanocytes, which can occur at any age. Once melanoma becomes cancerous, cancer cells may transfer to other parts of the body, threatening people's lives. However, the general public's understanding of melanoma is quite scarce. When many patients with melanoma go to the hospital for medical treatment, it is already in the advanced stage. Zhao Tianlan said that in fact, as long as melanoma is found and treated early, the treatment effect is still good. Because almost 60% of malignant melanoma is caused by malignant transformation of common nevus. Therefore, self-examination and attention to the changes of nevus are very important for the early diagnosis of melanoma. For some moles located in special parts, such as soles of feet, palms, vulva and other parts where the skin is easy to rub, it is best to go to the hospital for surgical removal to avoid malignant transformation of moles after frequent rubbing. At the same time, epidemiological data show that ultraviolet light may be the most important pathogenic factor of sporadic cutaneous malignant melanoma, and the increase of ultraviolet light intensity caused by the thinning of ozone layer is one of the reasons for the increase of malignant melanoma incidence. Rupture and nonunion are signs of malignant transformation, and moles are generally not easy to be damaged. Therefore, once the mole repeatedly ruptures and cannot heal for a long time, it is a dangerous signal of malignant transformation of the mole. According to pathology, nevus can be divided into three types: intradermal nevus, borderline nevus and mixed nevus. Intradermal nevus exists in the dermis, with smooth surface and clear boundary, and generally does not become cancerous. However, the surface of borderline nevus is flat or slightly higher, with the size of 1-2 mm, which is light brown, brown-black or blue-black, and may become cancerous. For mixed nevus, it is a mixture of borderline nevus and intradermal nevus, so it is possible to become cancerous. Zhao Tianlan said that most people's moles belong to intradermal moles that will not become cancerous. When some changes are found in the nevus, improper handling, including some wrong handling such as thread binding, salt rubbing and laser freezing, may accelerate the process of malignant transformation, or it may become malignant, leading to distant diffusion and metastasis. In the initial stage of melanoma, cancer cells spread along the basal layer of human epidermis and grow centrifugally. During this period, cancer cells will not metastasize and can be completely cured by relatively simple surgical resection. If the mole is found to have changed at first, instead of going to the hospital for timely treatment, it will be removed in the wrong way. Although melanoma on the skin surface is temporarily eliminated, it will lead to its vertical growth to deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Zhao Tianlan said that at this time, cancer cells will transfer to other parts of the body with blood. Moles should not be found blindly. Nevus is actually a kind of nevus cell vegetation in human body. Most people can grow with age before they are born to 30 years old. Pigmented nevus rarely becomes malignant, but it does affect people's appearance, so many people want to get rid of it. Professor Zhao Tianlan reminded me that before going to Dot mole, I must go to a regular hospital, and the doctor must first diagnose the nature of the mole before determining what method to remove it. At present, there are many institutions to treat moles in the market, including laser, cryotherapy, Dot mole and other methods. Dot mole high-frequency electroacupuncture is widely used in some beauty salons. Although the accuracy is high, the damaged area is large. Carbon dioxide laser and Nd-YAG laser Dot mole method are the safest Dot mole methods at present. "This method is like' micro-carving on ivory', with high precision, little damage and quick recovery." However, Professor Zhao Tianlan stressed that we should not blindly use laser, Dot mole and other methods to remove moles. Because some moles can't be removed by laser and Dot mole, surgery is needed. If you do it repeatedly with a laser, the mole is clean on the surface, but it can't be completely eliminated in fact. In addition, repeated laser treatment or drug Dot mole may lead to malignant transformation of hydatidiform mole. It is understood that going to a regular hospital in Dot mole has another advantage. The doctor will judge whether this mole can be found first. Some moles may also lead to malignant melanoma, and doctors will judge carefully. Of course, except for a few patients with diabetes and psoriasis, the probability of wound infection is high. Generally speaking, as long as Dot mole receives regular treatment, there are few problems.