Don't find it difficult. In fact, if you just build a small LAN, you can do it yourself by adding a few network cards and some data lines. As we all know, Win98 has built-in PC-to-PC network configuration capability, which makes it easy to build a small network. If there are many computers in your local area network, then you need a mature network operating system to manage the network, such as WinNT, Netware or Linux.
Serial-parallel port communication network
If we just want to connect two pcs with Windows operating system, we can connect two microcomputers directly through the serial port and parallel port of the computer, using serial port and parallel port communication line (pc-to-PC), and then select the dial-up network adapter of Microsoft and IPX/SPX compatible protocols and protocols in the Windows control panel/network. Then start the control panel, select Add/Remove Programs, click Install Windows Programs, select Communication, click Direct Cable Connection, and then use the Windows installation disk to install. After installation, restart the computer. Select a computer as the host, right-click a drive (such as drive C) in the host "My Computer", select "* * * Enjoy", and select * * * Enjoy Level. Run "direct cable connection" in the accessories of two machines respectively, and select the communication port used on the host. Select another client, follow the prompts, wait a moment, and then finish online. Open Online Neighborhood on the client desktop, and you will find that you are no longer lonely. You can access your own host through my online neighbors, or you can map a network drive to your own virtual physical drive by "mapping network drives". Even better, if the host you are connected to is already on the LAN, you can also access all online resources through the host. Moreover, the normal work of the host computer will not be affected when accessing, which is especially beneficial to users of notebook computers.
Network card communication network
When there are more than two personal computers (PCs), network cards, network cables and hubs are needed. A LAN without a network card is like a river without bridges on both sides. Network card is the abbreviation of NIC (Network Interface Card) and one of the most basic components of LAN. The network card is installed in the expansion slot of the network computer and server, and acts as the physical interface between the computer and the network, so it can be simply said that the network card is a bridge to receive and transmit data. According to the transmission rate, network cards can be divided into 10Mbps network cards (ISA socket or PCI socket), 100Mbps PCI socket network cards,10mbps adaptive network cards and gigabit network cards. At present, 10Mbps ISA socket network card still occupies a certain market share with its low price, but because the network transmission rate of 10Mbps ISA socket network card is low, it takes up a lot of CPU resources, so it is only suitable for those local area networks that do not require high speed. Therefore, I recommend using 100Mbps PCI socket network card or10 Mbps adaptive network card, which is cheap and can adapt to the application environment with many users, large amount of online data transmission and need to transmit multimedia information.
When choosing a network cable, you should first look at the interface type of the network card you bought. There are two kinds of network card interfaces (RJ45 and BNC): BNC port is a network card interface with thin coaxial cable as transmission medium. RJ45 is a network card interface using twisted pair as transmission medium. The interface of RJ45 is similar to that of telephone line, but the network line uses an 8-core connector. The disadvantage of using RJ45 is that the setup cost is high, but the installation and maintenance are convenient, so we generally use RJ45 interface. HUB (Hu: according to the number of microcomputers, the HUb is used to form a star structure. When there are many workstations, the processing speed of the hub is much lower than the transmission speed of the communication line, thus causing the bottleneck problem. So you can choose the switch if you have the conditions. The domain formed by a Hub is called a collision domain, that is, when any computer on the network sends and receives data, all other computers can receive it, and these computers cannot send and receive data at the same time, otherwise a collision will occur (CSMA/ CD protocol will prevent collision). In addition, each computer connected to the hub must check the destination address of the received data to confirm whether it has received its own communication information. Therefore, the computer's CPU utilization rate is high, and the whole network communication efficiency is low, which is only suitable for small workgroup applications.
The role of a hub or switch:
(1) Only one workstation (network card) is connected to each twisted pair interface, and the signal is transmitted point to point.
(2) When a port receives a signal, the hub will shape it and broadcast it to all other ports.
(3)HUB itself can automatically detect signal collision, and immediately send out a jam signal to inform other ports when a collision occurs.
(4) When the transmission line or network card of a port fails, the HUB automatically isolates the port so that it will not affect the normal work of other ports. Because the current 100MB switch is very cheap, 100Mbps network card and1000 MB switch are generally selected.
All components required for the LAN have been completed. Now come with me to install the LAN based on Windows2000 Professional, the most stable personal operating system, step by step.
To connect to the LAN:
1. Install the network card. Turn off the computer, open the chassis, find an idle PCI slot (usually a short white slot), plug in the network card and tighten it.
2. Connect the network cable. Plug one end of the network cable into the network card connector and the other end into the switch or hub.
3. Install the network card driver. When you turn on the computer, the operating system will detect the network card and prompt you to insert the driver disk. Insert the driver disk that came with your network card, and then click Next. When Windows finds the driver, a confirmation screen will be displayed, and then click Next. If Windows cannot find the driver, click the Browse button in the device driver wizard to specify the location of the drive. If your driver is not the latest version, you can open Device Management, run the Update Device Driver Wizard, double-click the network adapter, select your network card, select the Driver button, and then click the Upgrade Driver button. Windows will prompt you to insert the Windows installation disk, just follow the prompts. You must also give each computer in the network a unique name and the same workgroup name (such as the default workgroup), and then restart the computer. The specific operation is to right-click the "My Computer" icon on the desktop and click "Properties". Click "Network ID" in the pop-up dialog box, then click "Properties", fill in the machine name you want to specify in the name of "Computer", fill in the unified workgroup name in the workgroup, and click OK to finish.
4. Install the necessary network protocols. Right-click the desktop network neighborhood icon, click Properties, right-click the local connection icon, click Install in the pop-up properties dialog box, double-click the protocol to install the Internet protocol (TCP/IP), double-click the client to install the Microsoft network client, and restart the computer.
5, realize the network * * *. Right-click the desktop network neighborhood icon, click Properties, right-click the local area connection icon, click Install in the pop-up properties dialog box, double-click the service to install Microsoft network files and printers, and then click OK. These settings will not take effect until you restart your computer. If you want to * * * enjoy a certain drive or directory, open my computer in the browser or desktop, right-click the drive or directory you want to * * *, select * * enjoy, and fill in the corresponding contents. If you choose * * * to enjoy the whole drive, all directories under this drive will be shared by the network * * *. Open the My Network Places icon to get a list of computers on the network. Double-click the computer you want to access, and then enter the drive. To map network drives, consult the Windows Help file. If there is a problem accessing the printer or other computers through the network, please check your network cable connection to ensure that the connection and * * * enjoyment settings are correct.
6. Set an optional startup password. When you start the computer for the first time after installing the network driver, a dialog box will pop up to prompt you to type the user name and password of Microsoft Network. Type the user name, which will be displayed automatically every time you start the computer (you can use the computer name specified in step 3). If you don't want to set a password, leave the password line blank, and then "OK"; Otherwise, type the password and confirm it. If the password entered does not match the password set, the computer can run the operating system locally, but it cannot enjoy resources online.
Haha, this way. We set up a simple LAN based on Windows2000. You can also establish a local area network between neighbors through the above methods.
I. Preparation of network equipment
Here, the author assumes that you have handled ADSL broadband service in telecom and installed it in place. When setting up * * * LAN, please check the product description of your ADSL modem first. If you support the routing function, you can save money on buying broadband routers. On the contrary, this kind of equipment is essential;
In addition, another essential device is the switch, which acts as a transit device for mutual communication between computers; What's more, every computer needs to install a network card to receive data and save his father? Hey? Resist feedback? Well, that's basically all these things. And if you only have two computers, you don't have to bother. Just install a network card in each of the two computers and connect them with a network cable.
1, broadband router
Broadband router has two functions, one is to connect different networks, and the other is to select information transmission lines, which is the best solution for * * * to enjoy broadband connection. And with the advantages of ease of use, easy management and zero maintenance, it has become the first choice for Internet access.
Choosing a router is the same as choosing a computer. The first thing to look at is the hardware. Hardware is the basis of router operation, with good hardware model and high quality. The router is not only stable in function, but also extensible in function. For example, the number of access computers, the general access router can support 100 PCs, in addition to IP*** sharing and routing functions, it also has firewall, time management, DMZ and other functions; Another example is large-capacity memory and flash memory, which can provide powerful processing power for routers.
At present, there are many brands of such products on the market. You can ask friends around you which brands have a good reputation in the local area. The more common ones are: D-LINK, TP-LINK, Aitai Technology, Cisco, 3Com, Huawei 3Com, etc.
Step 2: Transform
Switch, the follow-up product of this hub, is incomparable in both speed and function. Its main function is to realize the interconnection of multiple computers, which is equivalent to the role of "middleman" mentioned in this paper.
In the current home switch market, because the switch prices of different brands and different ports are quite different, we should choose according to our actual situation, such as the selected networking mode, affordable price, brand and favorite switch shape. In addition, you must pay attention to various performance indicators of the switch, such as the number of interfaces. Generally speaking, 5-port and 8-port switches are the first choice.
3, network card, network cable
Network card is also called NIC, which means network interface card. Its function is to decompose data into data packets and then send them to the network. At present, the main network card on the market is PCI interface.
On the other hand, we usually call 10M network card, 100M network card, 10M/ 100M adaptive network card, etc. , which is mainly divided according to the connection rate of network cards. To sum up, the most mature choice for home use today is 10M/ 100M products with PCI interface. Notebook is a network card with PCMCIA interface, which is much more expensive than PCI network card on ordinary PC. Generally, a PCI network card can be taken for tens of dollars, and PCMCIA is generally 1, 200.
In terms of network cables, there is not much concern. Generally, we choose super five twisted pairs. When purchasing, the merchant will make a good connection for you according to your network type, so don't worry. The price of network cable is calculated by length, which is generally 1.5 yuan/meter.
PCI network card (common desktop)
PCMCIA network card (notebook)
Third, about the connection of equipment.
Earlier, we have made it clear which devices are needed to form such a network, and the common sense of buying each device. So, how to finally determine what equipment you need according to the specific situation? The following are possible scenarios:
1, two computers are directly connected.
In other words, one of the computers is connected with an ADSL modem, and then directly connected with another computer through a network card. If this connection is adopted, it is necessary to set up an Internet proxy on a computer with broadband access, such as installing proxy software such as wingate, so as to realize two computers accessing the Internet. This is the cheapest network.
2. Broadband router+network card+computer
This method is mainly used when there are not many computers. Because general broadband routers provide four switch ports, if there are less than four computers to share, there is no need to spend money on switches. The specific connection method is: ADSL broadband cable connects ADSL modem, direct twisted pair connects modem and router, and other computers connect router with cross twisted pair.
3. Broadband router+switch+network card+computer
In view of the above situation, this method is used when the computer is larger than the switching port of the broadband router. At this time, you need the help of the switch. Choose the switch of the corresponding port according to the number of computers enjoyed by * * *. In other words, all * * * computers are connected to the switch first, and then connected to the broadband router through the switch, so as to realize * * * Internet access.
4. Switch+network card+computer
If your ADSL modem comes with broadband routing function (please refer to the product manual), you can omit the router. This is the only difference from the above three ways. It is also convenient to connect and does not need to be set up at all. The connection method is as follows: the LAN port of ADSL modem is connected to any port of the switch through twisted pair, and then each computer is connected to the rest ports of the switch respectively.
Set up a local area network and enjoy the Internet.
One: direct connection of network cable is not the most economical way. Although we only need to add 1 network cable and 1 network card, the total price will not exceed 100 yuan. But this method has one of the biggest weaknesses, that is, two machines must be turned on at the same time when surfing the Internet. Unless you only use the mainframe to surf the internet, the accumulated electricity bill may not save money compared with other methods. It is recommended not to use this method!
-"2: Switch/hub and server are adopted. We can use software such as SyGate to make the form that whoever starts the machine first is the host, but there is still a potential problem, that is, when the machine as the host is turned off early, the network of another machine may be disconnected. If you are downloading files with ie at this time, if you are playing Lianzhong ... Hehe, the consequences can be imagined!
-"3: Adopt broadband routing mode. If you don't want to set it yourself, you can ask a technician to help you set it when you buy broadband.
At the same time, the benefit brought by this method is stability! It is the most stable of all the above schemes, and there seems to be no objection to this. There is also labor saving. You don't need to dial every time you surf the internet. This is automatically done for you by broadband routing, which also has the function of disconnecting and redialing. How much trouble has it saved? The next step is security. The IP you exposed on the Internet is the IP you routed, not the IP of the machine itself, so you are invisibly protected.
Then there is no violation of the regulations of China Telecom or Netcom, even if it is useless to limit the MAC address, because the route itself has a MAC address.
-"1,first connect the broadband cat to the WLAN port of the router, and you can use the cable that comes with the cat.
2. Connect the Lan port of the router with the uplink port of the switch by using a direct network cable. It also uses a direct network cable to connect the ordinary port of the switch with the computer. So the hardware environment is ready. If you only have two or three machines, there is no need to add switches. Just connect the router's LAN port to the computer with a direct network cable.
3. For the first machine, first set your network parameters (right-click Network Neighborhood-Properties-right-click Local Connection-Properties-find TCP/IP protocol and double-click):
IP address:192.168.1.1.
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
Gateway: 192. 168. 1.
DNS: never mind.
Then "ok" all the way, and restart when you need to restart. But if there is any hint, you'd better restart it.
4. For the second machine, such as the first machine, just change the IP address to192.168.1.12. By analogy, a local area network has been successfully formed.
5, setting up broadband routing, I think there should be instructions, I just give a brief introduction.
Find a machine first, then open IE, enter: 192. 168. 1 in the address bar, and press enter. You will be prompted to enter your user name and password, please refer to the instructions.
After entering the routing configuration interface correctly, enter the Internet access mode. If ADSL dials PPPOE mode, then you need to enter your user name and password to access the Internet. If you choose the direct IP form by directly assigning IP, please consult your ISP for details.
Home network
I. Planning and Construction of Home Network
(A) the necessity of home networking
In recent years, home network has gradually become a hot topic in the IT field. The concept of connecting two or more computers and sharing their resources is becoming more and more popular. The upsurge of home network has begun and will continue to heat up. Some people can't help asking, what benefits will the internet bring to families?
The first is to save economic expenditure. If there are multiple computers at home, setting up a home network can not only bring great convenience, but also save some corresponding expenses. At present, the account we apply for from Internet Service Provider (ISP) generally does not allow multiple computers to access the Internet with one account at the same time. So two computers are online at the same time, and we must have two online accounts and two independent telephone lines at home. In other words, if we only have one telephone line and one account, we must apply to the local telecommunications department for another telephone line and one online account.
Secondly, resources can be enjoyed. The purpose of establishing a network is to maximize the use of existing resources. At present, families with more than two computers in China have a big gap in hardware performance. In many families, one computer is mostly 468 or 586, and even many computers are 386, while the other computer is the mainstream configuration, with a main frequency above 300MHz. At present, many families that use two or more computers at the same time generally consist of 486 to the popular PIII, plus a home printer. If these computers are connected, resources can be shared between different machines through the network, thus greatly improving the performance of low-configuration machines.
Of course, online entertainment is also essential. Because the charm of the game is so great, few home users will ignore the game. Now the most striking game is online battle, because many people are not satisfied with the traditional man-machine battle (the IQ of the host is too low), but want to fight with high IQ between people in real time. With the home network, a few people can play online games in their spare time, even if they play hearts. On the one hand, it can eliminate the pressure brought by work and study, and it is also an emotional exchange.
In addition to the benefits mentioned above, we can also transmit information on the home LAN, have voice conversations with each other or watch VCD movies. There are many benefits anyway. If you are fascinated by it, please come with me as soon as possible.
You must be moved by the thriving blueprint described above! But now a new doubt has arisen: "building a network always feels that it is difficult for professionals to complete, and my computer level is only entry-level." Can I complete the erection of the home network? " Sure! If you don't believe me, keep reading, and you will start with the most basic things and get hands-on help!
(2) Choose the network that suits you.
When people buy shoes, the standard they follow is often: don't choose the best, just choose the one that suits them best. So is network planning! Only according to your actual situation, adjust measures to local conditions and have a long-term vision can you finally design the network that suits you best.
Below, we recommend two network planning schemes, one is to connect without a hub, and the other is to connect with a hub. In principle, the scheme 1 is suitable for a home network consisting of two computers; Scheme 2 is suitable for a home network consisting of three or more computers.
HUB, this is a kind of equipment that can connect multiple independent users to form a whole, so that * * * can share a communication line.
Option 1: Do not connect the hub.
Applicable object: the connection between two computers.
Hardware required: 1 network card, 1 RJ45 connector (i.e. crystal connector), several meters twisted pair, 1 network clamp (RJ45).
Description of the scheme: Two computers are directly interconnected by twisted pair without a hub.
Option 2: Hub connection is required.
Applicable object: the connection between three (or more) computers.
Hardware required: 1 network card, 2 RJ45 connectors (crystal connectors), several meters twisted pair, 1 network clamp (RJ45), 1 8-port hub (bandwidth 10M).
Description of the scheme: The machine is connected by twisted pair through the hub, and the hub must be used.
No matter which scheme you adopt, don't forget to ask for the driver installation disk when you buy the network card. Usually it will be a floppy disk, otherwise it may not be completely installed! Except for the network card, other hardware does not need to be driven.
(3) Connect your network.
Well, since you have chosen the shoes that suit you, the next thing to do is to put on the shoes that you once regarded as a scourge, connect the hardware devices you have prepared, and let your home network take shape!
1. Installation of network card
Network interface card is the most basic and important connecting device in LAN. Please open the main chassis of all computers one by one, choose a suitable (ISA/PCI) free slot, insert your network card, fix it with screws, and then cover the main chassis.
When the network card is inserted into the motherboard, the method of inserting the first half and then pressing the first half is generally adopted; If you want to remove the network card from the motherboard, the operation is just the opposite of inserting the network card, that is, the method of taking the first half and then the second half is generally adopted. Not only the network card, but also other cards on the motherboard (such as graphics card, modem, sound card, etc. ) are inserted and taken out in the same way!
2. Production of network cables
Network cable is an indispensable device for connecting computer networks. Each complete network cable consists of a pair of twisted pairs with an RJ45 connector (crystal connector) at each end. If you want to make a network cable, you need to prepare twisted pairs, RJ45 connectors and network clips in advance.
When making, first insert one end of the twisted pair between the two blades of the net clamp, which is about 2 cm long, then gently press the two handles of the net clamp and slowly turn the twisted pair around, so that the sheath can be peeled off and the wire core inside can be exposed.
Because the core wires of twisted pair are twisted together, it is called twisted pair.
Because the general home network is 10M (mainly refers to the hub of 10M, because the hub of10m is too expensive), it is only necessary to leave any two of the total four strands, and the other two can be cut off with the knife of the network pliers; Then the remaining two strands of * * * four strands are unfolded and straightened (very important), and arranged in the order that the first three strands are tight and the fourth strand is slightly open.
Finally, put down the clamp of RJ45 connector, and insert four wire cores into holes 1, 2, 3 and 6 of RJ45 connector in turn (from left to right), paying attention to tightness; Then insert the RJ45 head with wire core into the hole of the net clamp, and then press the double handles of the net clamp hard until the RJ45 head clamps the wire core firmly!
When making, if the above-mentioned first scheme is adopted, please be sure to note that the method at the other end is different from that at the other end: for example, red shares (including red and white) and blue shares (including blue and white) are left at one end and arranged in the RJ45 head hole in the order of red 1, red and white 2, blue 3 and blue and white 4; Then two strands of the same color must be left at the other end, and their arrangement order in RJ45 head hole should be blue 1, blue and white 2, red 3, red and white 6, that is, they intersect with the front end! In this scheme, the required number of network cables is *** 1.
If the second scheme mentioned above is adopted, it will be much simpler, because the method at the other end is exactly the same as that at the other end: that is, leave two (* * * four) cores with exactly the same color, arrange them in exactly the same order, put them in RJ45 heads and clamp them with a net clamp! In this scheme, the number of network cables required for each machine is 1.
At the beginning, when learning to make network cables, it may be because the top of each cable core is not neat enough, or the cable core is not inserted into the RJ45 hole, or the RJ45 head is not clamped with a net, which leads to the failure of making network cables and the purpose of connecting to the network! At this time, you need to cut off the "bad" RJ45 head and reconnect it with a new RJ45 head; The old RJ45 head can no longer be used.
Of course, it would be better if you could buy an RJ45 line tester! In this way, you only need to plug the completed network cable into the two holes of the line tester. The indicator light is on, congratulations, indicating that the network cable production is successful! otherwise ...
3. Network cable connection
If you choose the first scheme, you only need to directly insert the RJ45 connectors at both ends of the network cable (in no particular order) into the RJ45 holes of two computer network cards, even if the connection is successful!
If you choose the second scheme, you need to put the HUB (that is, the HUB) in a suitable position, plug in the power supply, and then insert the RJ45 connectors at both ends of the network cable (in no particular order) into the RJ45 holes of the computer network card and the hub respectively, even if the connection is successful!
4. Detection of network cables
If there is no line tester, after the network cable is connected successfully, it can also be preliminarily judged whether the network cable is made successfully.
For the first scheme, after the connection is successful, if the indicator lights of both computer network cards are on, it generally means that the network cable is successfully made.
For the second scheme, after the connection is successful, if the indicator light on the computer network card and the indicator light on the corresponding hole on the hub are on, it generally means that the network cable is successfully made.
Second, establish a Windows 98 peer-to-peer network.
(A) the installation of hardware
1. Install the network adapter.
The physical installation process of network card is no different from other expansion cards, so I won't introduce it in detail here. We mainly introduce how to install network card in Windows 98 environment. In fact, we install the driver of the network card to drive the network card to work.
After plugging in the network card, under normal circumstances, the "New Hardware Found" prompt box will automatically appear when you restart into Windows 98. The system will prompt to insert the Windows 98 CD, and insert the CD according to the prompt, and the system will automatically complete the installation. After the installation is completed, restart the computer and the network card installation is completed.
In another case, the system can't recognize the network card, and no new hardware is found when the computer is restarted. At this point, you can manually add the network card driver. Click Start → Settings → Control Panel → Add New Hardware to open the "Add New Hardware Wizard" dialog box, and click the "Next" button until a dialog box prompts "Do you want Windows to search for new hardware?" In this case, you should choose the second item "No, I want to choose hardware from the list".
Click the Next button and select the network adapter in the hardware type list under Please select the hardware type to install.
Put the network card driver floppy disk provided by the merchant into drive A, click the "Next" button, and select "Have Disk" in the next dialog box. The system will automatically read the hardware information on the driver disk and follow the prompts to complete the installation. In this process, the system may also be prompted to insert the Windows 98 CD, just follow the prompts. After restarting the computer, the installation is complete.
Is it safe to install the network card? Sometimes, it seems that a network card is installed on the surface, and there is no prompt box for "Add New Hardware Wizard" or "Find New Hardware" when restarting Windows. In fact, it may still collide with other hardware and cause it to fail to work properly. Let's check whether the network card works properly. (This question takes the D-Link DFE-530 network card as an example, and the settings of other network cards are basically the same. )
Open the control panel, double-click the system icon to open the system properties window and switch to the device manager tab. Double-click the network card, and the legend /D-Link DFE-530TX PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter will appear, where D-Link DFE-530TX is the network card type, and different network cards will display different logos.
Select legend/d-linkdfe-530tx PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter, and click the "Properties" button to open the "legend/d-linkdfe-530tx PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter Properties" dialog box. In the "Device Status" option group, if "This device is currently working normally" is displayed, it means that the driver of the network card has been installed correctly.
Then, in the Legend/D-Link DFE-530TX PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter Properties dialog box, select the "Resources" tab. If "No Conflict" is displayed in the "Conflict Device List" option group, you can confirm that the system resources used by this network card do not conflict with other devices.
2. Handling method of network card resource conflict
Network cards are prone to resource conflicts with other devices, especially when multiple interface cards are installed in the system. Network card resource conflicts are usually handled in the following ways.