The propagation method of Gleditsia sinensis is seed propagation. Because the seed coat of Gleditsia sinensis is thick and hard and has poor water permeability, it is necessary to accelerate germination before planting to improve the germination rate of seeds.

1. 1, seed stratification treatment

Soak the seeds in water in late autumn and early winter, change the water 1 time every day, take them out and mix them with wet sand after 7 days, and then store them. During storage, pay attention to turning them frequently to balance the temperature and humidity.

1.2, seed soaking

Generally, 5 days before sowing, put the seeds of Gleditsia sinensis into a container, pour boiling water at 100℃ and stir until it is not hot, cover the container tightly, soak 1d, and then take out the swollen seeds floating on the surface for germination. The unexpanded seeds below continue to be soaked in the above method, and most of the seeds can be mixed with sand to accelerate germination after swelling.

1.3, germination treatment

In the leeward and sunny place, the clean and high-temperature sterilized sand particles are laid flat for 2cm to make a sand bed, and the water content of the sand particles is about 65%. Spread the expanded seeds evenly on the sand bed, then sprinkle a layer of loose sand with a thickness of 2 cm on the seeds, make a small arch shed with bamboo poles and plastic film, and sow after the seeds germinate.

1.4, sowing

It is better to sow in spring, usually in early May. The sowing amount of 667m2 is about 200kg. Choose sandy loam with fertile soil, flat terrain, convenient irrigation and good drainage. Open the border with a width of 1.3m, apply 3000~5000kg of organic fertilizer, 667m2 of Bika bacterial fertilizer 10kg as base fertilizer, furrow with a row spacing of 33cm and a ditch depth of 8cm, and then sow, with a row spacing of 5cm and a soil covering thickness of 3~4cm.

1.5, seedling management

Keep the seedbed moist when seedlings emerge, loosen the soil gently in time, and don't turn over the soil to avoid damaging seeds and germs. When the seedlings grow to about 10cm, the seedlings are fixed with the plant spacing of 10~ 15cm. According to the weather and seedling growth, human manure 100kg or urea 10kg should be applied every 667m2, and topdressing should be applied every half month 1 time, and topdressing should be stopped at the beginning of August to facilitate lignification of seedlings. At the same time, pay attention to the prevention and control of leaf pests. The height of seedlings in that year can reach 50~ 150cm, which can be used for afforestation. Or transplant at the end of autumn according to the row spacing of 0.5m×0.5m, and then carry out afforestation after 2-3 years.

Step 2 Afforestation

2. 1, afforestation time

Trees can be planted in spring and autumn, but it is best to plant trees in autumn and winter.

2.2, soil preparation

Before planting seedlings, the hole-like soil preparation should be carried out according to the size of seedlings, and the specifications of the hole are 30cm×30cm×20cm or 60cm×60cm×40cm.

2.3 density

The plant spacing is 2m×2m, 2m× 1.5m, 2m× 1m, 1.5m× 1m,1m. The density should be determined according to the actual situation. The higher the density, the higher the pricking amount per unit area and the better the economic benefit. After 3~5 years, the crown transition between trees can be considered, so as to ensure ventilation and light transmission in the forest, improve the yield and quality of Gleditsia sinensis, and facilitate the mechanized operation between rows.

2.4. Planting

Before planting, properly trim the root system of seedlings. When planting, it is necessary to "bury the seedlings three times, step on the seedlings twice and lift the seedlings once", that is, when the soil is buried in the rhizosphere, gently lift the seedlings with your hands to lengthen the roots and then step on the seedlings. After planting, pour the root water thoroughly and loosely cover it with a layer of soil.

3. Tian Tuan management

3. 1, intertillage weeding

After transplanting Gleditsia sinensis seedlings, loosen the soil and weed in time on sunny days. Loose soil should be shallow but not deep, so as not to damage the root system of seedlings. Loosening topsoil and letting the sun shine in can increase the ground temperature and promote the root growth of seedlings. During seedling raising, intertillage weeding is carried out four times a year, in April, June, August and June, respectively, at 5438+00.

3.2, fertilization

According to the soil nutrient status and tree species characteristics, the fertilizer should be selected reasonably, and the general ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 3: 2: 1. Before planting, it is advisable to apply base fertilizer before topdressing, 3~4 times a year, mainly by furrow application and spreading application, and be careful not to be too close to the root system. Can be carried out simultaneously with intertillage weeding.

3.3, plastic pruning

Pruning the branches of Gleditsia sinensis in the young tree period can make the structure and shape of the tree reasonable, adjust the growth and development of the branches and balance the tree potential, ensure ventilation and light transmission, and achieve the goal of early maturity, high yield, stable yield and high quality. Combined with plastic pruning, cutting off the top upright branches and the top autumn shoots in time can effectively improve the yield and quality of Gleditsia sinensis, thus increasing economic benefits.

At present, there are mainly high-Qian shape, middle-stem shape, low-stem shape and cluster-stem shape in production.

3.3. 1, Gao Qian shape. Trunk height 150cm, with 3~4 main branches staggered on the trunk, with an inclination angle of 50 with the trunk, and the main branches are 80cm long. Select 3 left and right side branches on each main branch.

3.3.2, dry shape. The dry height 100~ 130cm, the total number of cultivated main branches is 3~5, and about 3 lateral branches are selected from each main branch.

3.3.3, low dry shape. The trunk is 60~80cm high, and the total number of cultivated main branches is 5~7. Select 3~4 lateral branches on each main branch.

3.3.4, plexiform. There is basically no trunk, the trunk is fixed at 40cm, 3~5 main branches with good growth and suitable angle are cultivated, and an appropriate number of side branches are cultivated on the main branches.

3.4, pest control

3.4. 1, silviculture control. Strengthen tending management and enhance the resilience of trees; When there are pests and diseases, it is necessary to prune them reasonably, remove the dead leaves damaged by pests and diseases in time, and reduce the source of pests and diseases; Intercropping peanuts, beans, medicinal herbs and other low-growing economic plants can increase biodiversity and achieve the purpose of controlling pests and diseases.

3.4.2, drug control. The main pests of Gleditsia sinensis are Gleditsia sinensis and Gleditsia sinensis, which can be controlled by spraying dichlorvos 1200 times. The main diseases of Gleditsia sinensis include anthracnose, damping off, powdery mildew, brown spot and so on. 1: 1: 100 bordeaux mixture can be sprayed during the onset of anthracnose, and 50% carbendazim wettable powder can be sprayed 800 times during the onset of damping off, powdery mildew and brown spot.