catalogue
1. Living habits
2. Morphological characteristics
3. Distribution range
4. Planting techniques
5. shopping tips
6. Nutritional value
Living habits
Durian is a pure tropical crop, and its phenological feature is that the daily average temperature of durian is above 22℃. Frost-free areas can be planted, and parts of China, Hainan and Yunnan provinces can be developed. Because durian can only grow and bear fruit in the climate with high temperature all the year round, even in the equatorial region, the highland above 600m above sea level can not grow durian or bear fruit because of the temperature drop.
morphological character
Evergreen trees, up to 25 meters high, with scales at the top of young branches.
Stipules are 1.5-2 cm long, with oblong leaves, sometimes obovate oblong, short or acute, rounded or obtuse at the base, shiny on both sides, smooth at the top, scales attached on the back, and lateral veins 10- 12 pairs, with length 15 cm. Petiole length 1.5-2.8 cm, cymes are slender and drooping, clustered on stems or big branches, with 3-30 flowers in each order; The bud is spherical; Pedicel scaly, 2-4 cm long.
Bracts support calyx, shorter than calyx, tubular calyx, 2.5-3 cm high, swollen at base, densely pilose inside, with 5-6 short and wide calyx teeth; Petals are yellowish white, 3.5-5 cm long, twice as long as calyx, rectangular spoon-shaped, and turned back; There are 5 bundles of stamens, each bundle has filaments 4- 18, and the filaments are combined at the base 1/4- 1/2; The capsule is oval, light yellow or yellowish green, long 15-30cm, thick 13- 15cm, with 2-6 seeds per room, white or yellowish white aril and strong smell. Flowering and fruiting period: June-65438+February.
Durian is a very contradictory fruit. In some places, it is regarded as a fruit of religious worship, but it is forbidden to be brought into public places because of its pungent smell. Durian is as big as a football. Its skin is rough and uneven, its juice is light yellow, its smell is extremely smelly, but its taste is delicate and sweet. But this kind of fruit is called the king of fruit, because it is extremely rich in nutrition. But many foreigners can't stand his smell and throw it out of the window before tasting it.
distribution range
Origin is Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia. Some people think it originated in the Philippines. Durian grows all over Southeast Asia, mainly in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and other places. Other durian growing areas include Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar, India, Sri Lanka, West Indies, Florida, Hawaii, Papua New Guinea, Polynesia, Madagascar, northern Australia and Singapore.
Planting method
Planting height
It can be planted when it is 30~40 cm, with a row spacing of 3m×5m, and base fertilizer, soil miscellaneous fertilizer and appropriate amount of lime are applied as base fertilizer. It can be planted all year round, and it is best to bring native seeds.
Fertilization management
Results Fertilization should be applied 1 time every year, that is, spring budding fertilizer, summer fruit swelling fertilizer and pre-harvest fertilizer, especially fruit swelling fertilizer. Deep application of organic fertilizer after fruit harvesting.
Plastic trimming
Because of its strong germination ability, attention should be paid to shaping after planting 1~2 years, and the fruit should be pruned in time after picking to maintain a good tree shape.
shopping tips
Hint 1: Hold the spikes.
Durian with good maturity can be sweet and glutinous; If you accidentally buy an immature durian, its pulp is often hard and astringent and inedible. Want to know how mature durian is, you can know it through a small gesture. This chubby mace is covered with many spikes. Select two adjacent spikes, hold the tips of the spikes with your hands, and squeeze inward with a little force. If you can get them close easily, it proves that durian is soft and mature. If it feels solid, it can't be pinched at all, which proves that durian is relatively raw.
Tip 2: Look at the size.
By identifying the size and appearance color of the fruit, we can also identify whether the durian is mature or not. Like the principle of picking watermelons, generally speaking, the maturity of durian with a bigger head will be better. Judging from the color of the shell, the mature durian is transparent yellow. There is more cyan, which proves that it is not mature enough.
Tip 3: Look at the degree of cracking.
Many people think that durian with a natural mouth is a good durian, but it is not entirely true. If you like to use this method, you should pay attention to distinguish several situations. Generally speaking, durian tested by the above two methods will be better, and you don't have to say it. If you want to choose the shell that has cracked, it is best to choose the one that has not cracked too much, that is, it has just begun to crack, because if the fruit has cracked, the exposed pulp is easily polluted and deteriorated. If you choose ripe durian, you'd better enjoy it as soon as you get home, and don't leave it for a long time, otherwise it will go bad easily.
Tip 4: Smell the smell.
When buying, if you take a fancy to durian with natural opening, you can smell the fragrance of durian through the gap in its shell. Immature durian has a green smell, that is, it smells like freshly cut grass, and such durian is generally not mature enough; Mature durian smells rich and fragrant, which makes people salivate. People who often eat it will know when they smell it. However, if you smell durian, don't buy it. This durian must be broken.
Tip 5: Look at the appearance.
Another clever way for people who can pick durian is to look at the bulging hill outside this mace. In the gentle and slightly longer hills, it is the sweet and fragrant flesh. The more mountains, the more pulp! Through the spike of mace, you can also know the amount of pulp. If mace is mostly flat and has large conical spikes, it proves that durian has more pulp and better maturity. On the other hand, if the ears are mostly sharp and thin, it proves that the fruit is immature. Looking at the appearance, it is also necessary to pay attention to the tail of durian, that is, the fruit handle. The thick and fresh tail proves that it is nutritious and fresh, which is another index for selecting durian.
Tip 6: Shake it.
Carefully put the fingers of both hands in the depression between the spikes on both sides of durian, gently pick up durian, hold it tightly, and gently shake durian with your hands. If you feel a slight collision sound inside, or a slight noise, it proves that the pulp is ripe and detached from the shell. This durian is a good ripe durian.
nutritive value
Durian is hot, can promote blood circulation and dispel cold, and relieve dysmenorrhea, especially suitable for women with dysmenorrhea. It can also improve the symptoms of abdominal cold and promote the temperature rise. It is an ideal tonic for people with cold constitution. Durian has extremely high nutritional value. Regular consumption can strengthen the body, strengthen the spleen and replenish qi, tonify the kidney and strengthen yang, and warm the body.