Mammary hyperplasia refers to hyperplasia of mammary epithelium and fibrous tissue, structural degeneration of mammary ducts and lobules, and progressive growth of connective tissue, which is mainly caused by endocrine hormone imbalance.

Mammary hyperplasia itself is a pathological term, which is a pathological diagnosis name obtained by observing the changes of cells under a microscope.

Therefore, it is unscientific for doctors to touch their breasts, ultrasound doctors to look at images, and radiologists to take pictures to draw the conclusion of "breast hyperplasia".

The name "benign mammary dysplasia" recommended by the World Health Organization may be easier for patients to understand and less likely to cause unnecessary panic. It is suggested that ultrasound and mammography should not blindly diagnose breast hyperplasia, but promote the use of breast image classification diagnosis system (BI-RADS).

What is the meaning of "BI-RADS" on the breast report?

Bi-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) is a "Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System" recommended by the American Radiological Society. This kind of report is more standardized. BI-RADS is a very simple and effective breast cancer screening method. Each molybdenum target report will have a BI-RADS grade to indicate the possibility of malignant breast masses. Don't worry too much about grades 0 ~ 3, and the possibility of nausea is very small; Grade 4 or above, you need to see a breast surgeon immediately.

Level 0: It needs to be recalled and evaluated after other inspections. Explain that the information obtained by the inspection may be incomplete.

Level 1: No abnormality was found.

Grade II: Considering benign changes, it is recommended to follow up regularly (for example, once a year).

Grade ⅲ: Benign diseases are possible, but the follow-up period needs to be shortened (for example, once every 3 to 6 months). The malignant rate of this level is less than 2%.

Grade Ⅳ: There are abnormalities, and the possibility of malignant lesions cannot be completely ruled out, so biopsy is needed for diagnosis.

IVa grade: low possibility of malignancy.

IVb grade: moderate malignant tendency.

IVc grade: high possibility of malignancy.

Grade V: highly suspected malignant disease (almost certainly malignant disease), requiring surgical resection and biopsy.

Grade ⅵ: Malignant lesion confirmed by pathology.

Of course, the above is only to judge the degree of breast diseases from imaging, and the specific situation should be comprehensively analyzed in combination with the judgment of clinicians.

What are the inspection methods for mammary gland hyperplasia?

1, ultrasonic inspection

This is a preliminary screening method for breast tumors (nodules). Color Doppler ultrasound examination is necessary when breast masses are suspected. Ultrasonic examination can be used to judge the nature and location of the mass, but it is poor in distinguishing the mass with smaller diameter. If we do this inspection alone, we may miss the smaller quality.

2, molybdenum target

Clamping the breast on the tray of molybdenum target machine and taking clear breast images can detect some small tumors that can't be touched by hands. After the age of 40, women should have molybdenum target examination every year, which can reduce the mortality of breast cancer patients by 30% ~ 40%. The disadvantage of molybdenum target is that the whole breast should be flattened and examined by fluoroscopy. If the patient's breast gland is rich, the gland will overlap with the lesion, and it is impossible to tell whether it is a gland or a lesion. At this time, you can consider doing an MRI.

3. Biopsy

Biopsy should be considered in the following situations: ultrasound and molybdenum target find a mass of unknown nature, and it is necessary to determine whether it is benign or malignant through biopsy; Highly suspected breast cancer. Before preparing for the treatment of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, it is necessary to take biopsy and send it to pathological examination to prove that it is breast cancer, and at the same time, do the biological index examination of breast cancer.

In patients with breast cancer diagnosed by biopsy, if the breast tissue is too dense to evaluate the scope of the lesion, MRI examination can be considered to find out whether there are lesions in other parts of the breast.

4. Nuclear magnetic resonance examination

Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Breast cancer has been diagnosed by biopsy, but the molybdenum target can't be seen clearly because of the dense breast tissue. At this time, MRI can be performed to find the primary breast lesion.

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