Identification of genuine and fake platinum jewelry
Real platinum jewelry is made of metal platinum. Metallic platinum, also known as platinum, has a chemical symbol of Pt, with a specific gravity of 2 1.45 and a Mohs hardness of 4.3. Compared with platinum and gold and silver in the same volume, platinum is the heaviest and hardest. Platinum is a more valuable metal material than gold because of its small natural reserves, difficult mining and stable chemical properties. Platinum jewelry is delicate in texture, slightly hard, not easy to wear, light gray in color, elegant in color, bright and lasting in luster, and not black for a long time. There are stamps on real platinum jewelry, which is the main symbol. Hot stamping mainly includes the following contents: first, the texture of jewelry, there are two kinds of texture descriptions on platinum jewelry, some are English Pt and some are Chinese "Platinum"; The second is the composition of jewelry. If there is "99" on the platinum jewelry, it means that the platinum content is 99%; Third, the origin of jewelry, jewelry manufacturers everywhere have their own unique seals. These seals, like the trademarks of other industrial products, are essential for the first jewelry, and counterfeiting is absolutely not allowed, because it is not only a symbol of producers, but also a symbol of consumers. It is mainly stainless steel or silver jewelry that is easily confused with real platinum jewelry. Stainless steel jewelry is similar to platinum jewelry in the new era, with gray color and bright luster. However, its white color is gray-black, bright and false, not durable and easy to wear. Silver jewelry is soft and easy to wear; Light in weight, silvery white in color, whiter than platinum, and easy to turn black when used for a long time. In addition, from the seal point of view, stainless steel jewelry has no seal or the seal is vague, and the seal of silver jewelry is different from that of platinum jewelry.
How to identify the authenticity of gold ornaments
The main varieties of gold jewelry are rings, earrings, necklaces, bracelets and brooches. When buying gold ornaments, we must first identify their authenticity by weighing. Compared with metal ornaments of the same size, gold is heavy. Second, listen to the sound, throwing gold ornaments on the ground will make a "poof-poof" sound, and the low content will sound crisp. The third is to look at the color. Gold jewelry has a lasting luster, and the jewelry with high gold content is red, while the jewelry with poor gold content is yellow. The fourth is to test the hardness. The higher the gold content of jewelry, the softer it will be. If you scrape with a hard needle tip, there will be obvious marks. The sign of low gold content is vague. Fifth, the hand is bent. Real gold is soft, easy to bend when bending by hand, but not easy to break, while ornaments with color difference are easy to break and not easy to break. The sixth is to use fire. When the ornaments are burned with fire, the real gold will not change color, but the fake gold will lose its luster and even become black and purple after burning. Seventh, acid test. Gold is insoluble in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid, while other metals will change when they meet three acids.
How to identify jade articles
The main products of jade in China are "Southern Jade", "Henan Jade" and "Shandong Jade" in Guangdong, and "Sheep Fat Jade" in Hetian, Yili, Xinjiang. Precious jade articles are mostly made. The identification of jadeite mainly depends on five characteristics: strong (rich), bright (brilliant), beautiful (beautiful in color), positive (pure) and soft. If it is all, it is the top grade. On the other hand, if jade is shallow (dull), turbid (dull), old (dark in color), impure (impure) and oblique (incongruous), it is inferior. Don't choose jade under strong light, because light irradiation will make jade lose its original color, and it will also cover up defects and confuse the real with the fake. When buying jade articles, you should learn to identify the authenticity. Common fake jade includes plastic, glass, marble and electric color. Plastic and marble are lighter than jade and have poor hardness; Colored glass has bubbles; Electro-colored fake jade is painted with a beautiful and dazzling emerald appearance on inferior jade, which is difficult to identify at first glance, but careful observation will reveal that electro-colored inferior jade often has some "spider claws", that is, small cracks with blue in green.
The choice of ring
First, check whether the ring has a merchant code and a steel seal indicating the gold content. When choosing, pay attention to the beautiful ring type. The ring face of the flower ring is flat, angular and square. The pattern of the ring should be clear without overlapping, and the lines on both sides should be neat, straight and without fangs. The circle should be thick, not too thin. The surface of the ring has the same luster, bright and clean, and there is no shell, short scar or sand spot.
Identification of true and false jadeite jewelry
Asia is rich in jadeite. Its delicate and beautiful green color and excellent texture are deeply loved by consumers in Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Japan and Chinese mainland, and are regarded as the top grade of jewelry. In fact, jadeite also has several variegated colors, such as white, red and black. Green jade is of course genuine. High-quality jadeite is bright turquoise, just like autumn water. Emerald is translucent or opaque, with bright luster, and there are naturally formed irregular color blocks in green, which is called color source. There are tiny particles in it, which are fibrous, flaky or star-shaped and shiny. This is an emerald, many imitations are not available, and it is a sign to judge whether it is true or not. There are many green gems, but emeralds are unique. The whole piece of jade is thick green and has a unique charm. Jade has a specific gravity of 3.3 and a hardness of 6.5~7. There are two kinds of fake jadeites. One kind is green low-value gems, such as Australian jade, Henan jade, green agate, Dongling stone and so on. The other is glass products. Among the low-value gems, Australian jade is green and yellow, and the whole jade is even in color, colorless and emeraldless. Henan jade green is light gray, with uniform color, no obvious color source and shape, and its specific gravity is 2.65, which is smaller than that of jadeite. The green of Dongling Stone is dark, the color is dotted, and fish scales are shining in the green. Green agate is artificially dyed agate, which is blue in green, uniform in color, emerald-free and delicate in luster, with a specific gravity of 2.65, which is smaller than that of jadeite. Green glass is green and dull, and its hardness is 5.5~6. Glass plates can't be marked, but jadeite can.
Identification of diamond quality
To judge the quality of a diamond, we usually look at its color, weight, cleanliness and whether the cut surface can show bright characteristics. Consider whether a diamond is worth buying. The first condition is that this diamond has not been set. Because the inlaid gems can't accurately identify their grades. Different forms of inlay can make a diamond look brighter or darker than itself; Moreover, the claw marks on the inlay can hide the defects on the diamond. Diamond is the hardest stone in nature, but if the force is not accurate when it is inlaid or disassembled, it will damage the edge of the diamond and affect its value. If the diamond is inlaid at the time of purchase, remember to disassemble the diamond during identification, so as to identify its integrity, texture and value more accurately. Dirty diamonds will turn yellow and dark. Generally, once every six months, the diamond ornaments are put into a special cleaning solution and cleaned on an ultrasonic cleaning machine to keep the luster. The identified diamonds should be at least clean. After disassembly and cleaning, it is necessary to identify the grade and color of the diamond. If you observe a diamond in sunlight or yellow light, it will give off bright light. The correct way is to put the diamond in a pure white light source without ultraviolet light and observe it carefully with a magnifying glass 10 times. When buying diamonds, it is not easy to identify them with the naked eye. Round cut diamonds can reflect a lot of light from the desktop. So you can't see whether there is any flaw below from above, but only through the bottom of the sharp point. Laymen should pay attention to this. The American Gemological Institute classifies diamonds into several grades in color: D to F are colorless, that is, 99 and 98 colors; G to 1 is almost colorless, all of which are top grades; However, the color below 1 level is light yellow or light yellow, that is, less than 95 colors. In terms of quality, perfection is a first-class product, √√S 1 is a first-class minimal defect, and √√√ S2 is a second-class minimal defect. These diamonds are worth buying and collecting.