Obsidian can be processed into handicrafts. In addition, obsidian has the characteristics of glass, and its cross section is shell-shaped and very sharp. At present, most obsidian jewelry is produced in Central America and North America, and the national stone of Mexico is obsidian. China also produces obsidian, such as some places in Tibet.
Chinese name: obsidian mbth: Obsidian alias: natural glass Chemical formula: 70%-75%SiO 2, MgO, Fe3O4 Color: dark black luster: glass luster transparency: translucent-fully transparent stripes: colorless crystal system: amorphous fracture: conchoidal fracture hardness: 5.6-6.2 Crystal habit: amorphous mineral density: 2.52-2.55 specific gravity. Color: red, green and blue. Huang Jun has main components: brief introduction of silica, formation process, use, classification, classification by composition, classification by color, relevant information, cultural legend, origin distribution, identification method and introduction. Obsidian is a natural glass formed by the sudden cooling of magma flowing from volcanic lava, which belongs to an amorphous gem, and its main component is silicon dioxide (SiO 2). In the process of formation, because the temperature around the lava flow drops rapidly and the cooling rate is the fastest, the magma containing silicon dioxide quickly condenses into blocks, and obsidian generally appears around the lava flow or near the seaside at the foot of the volcano. Because of its unique formation process, the crystal of obsidian also contains 1%-2% water. Uses Obsidian can be processed into handicrafts. In addition, obsidian has the characteristics of glass, and its cross section is shell-shaped and very sharp. In the ancient stone age, it was used as cutting tools such as knives and arrows. Modern people use obsidian as a scalpel blade for surgery. When obsidian is heated above 65,438+0,000℃, it will become white particles with loose and porous texture due to the loss of water contained in it. According to the composition, there are actually three kinds of obsidian: full moon obsidian, crescent obsidian and rainbow-eyed obsidian. The full moon obsidian is second only to the rainbow eye obsidian in the moon eye obsidian. Excellent varieties have pure colors and round cat eyes. Rainbow-eyed obsidian is the best of obsidian, and many color circles are naturally formed on the basis of full moon cat's eye obsidian, among which Ghost Fairy Red-eyed Obsidian, Ghost Fairy Blue-eyed Obsidian and Ghost Fairy Red-blue-eyed Obsidian are even more rare, which are the top grades of obsidian, very rare and more precious. Because most of them can appear in dozens of colors, it is named rainbow-eyed obsidian. Obsidian crescent appeared because it didn't all form cat's eyes when growing. Ubiquitous obsidian Ubiquitous obsidian is a kind of obsidian from obsidian to gem level. Because it is extremely delicate, it has no cat's eye effect. The color is as bright as crow's blood stone. Obsidian has many colors according to color classification, as follows: purple obsidian: accounting for 20% of the total color ratio; Green obsidian: 25% of the color ratio of obsidian; Blue obsidian: the color ratio is 20%; Ghost fairy blue-eyed obsidian; The color ratio of 0.026% is even more rare; Red obsidian: 15% color ratio; Ghost fairy red-eyed obsidian; The color ratio of 0.025% is even more rare; Obsidian with black eyes: 0.007% color ratio is rare; Gold placer obsidian: 13% color ratio; Obsidian from Tibet: the color ratio is 10%, and the color in obsidian is lower than 1%, which basically belongs to a rare obsidian variety. Obsidian: Alias, Tears of Apache. According to Indian legend, a team was ambushed by the enemy, outnumbered and wiped out. When the bad news came, the family's crying tears fell to the ground and turned into small black stones, also known as gems that no longer cry. Whoever owns this obsidian will never cry again, because Apache's girl has dried all the tears for you and given it to the person she likes, which means no more crying and happiness. Distribution of Origin Obsidian is mostly distributed in areas with volcanic activity, such as Hawaii, Japan and Java Island in the United States, as well as Iceland, Hungary, Lipari Islands in Italy, the former Soviet Union, Mexico, Ecuador and Guatemala, China and Tibet. Dark black monocular obsidian is distributed in Arizona and New Mexico, and Indians call it "Apache tears". Most obsidian jewelry is produced in Central America and North America and is the national stone of the United Mexican States. Identification method 1. Ordinary obsidian without rainbow eyes, that is, the beads are still black under strong light, and there is no other reflection. If the pendant is transparent, the light is yellow and dark green. This obsidian has the largest output, but the lowest market value, and is generally used for large-scale carving. There are few such fakes in the market, but there are also some unscrupulous merchants who use stained glass as accessories (the most common ones are small brave pendants, with retail prices ranging from a few to a dozen pieces) and inferior Blackstone as accessories (generally large carvings, characterized by many gray spots/spots/stripes under the light). It is difficult for non-professionals to distinguish between these two kinds of fakes. You can use strong light to see if it is yellow. 2, rainbow eye (light) obsidian, that is, you can see the green/purple/yellow reflection when you look under strong light, or in the sun, or under the flashlight of your mobile phone. Among them, the rare quality surface will have light red-eyed obsidian, light blue-eyed obsidian, red-blue obsidian and other multicolor obsidian, and the quality is very rare. A large number of rough stones can only select a small amount of this quality, so it is rare.