This sentence is from the Cave Man's Language, which is selected from the Dream of Yesterday written by Kang Zhi in the Southern Song Dynasty. It belongs to the classical Chinese genre and tells what Yang San and an old man saw and heard in the cave.
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The old man took the man surnamed Yang to a big cave. Chickens and dogs are very happy. People live together. When he arrived at a house, the old man said to (the family), "This man wants to live here. Can he be accommodated? "
The man in the cave replied, "Since you brought him to this place, he must be a talent. As long as we have clothes, food, cattle, livestock, silk, hemp and other things here, they are not private, and they are all shared by everyone, so we can live together. If you really want to come, please don't bring valuables such as gold, silver and jewelry. You use rice and fish, and there is no shortage here. The land is distributed to each family according to the number of people, which is used for farming and sericulture. You can't get food from others and you can't eat it for free. "
The man surnamed Yang expressed his gratitude and obeyed his arrangement. The people in the cave warned again, "If you come late, the cave will be closed." Near the evening, the man surnamed Yang came out with the old man.
References:
Sogou encyclopedia-human acupoint language
2. Cui Zizhong translated classical Chinese and answered the original text.
Cui Zizhong, the word green earthworm. First, people in Pingdu, Shandong Province. Zizhong is devoted to all the students and poor. I tried to write this article, but I gave up. The earth wall of the gate was cleaned; A brown winter, summer Agger, his wife's clothes, surgery, and three women's reading; Although there is no plan all day long, Yan Ruyu. Work drawing is desperate, and business is proud of it; There is nothing wrong with being more beautiful. At that time, nobles who were willing to make friends with them avoided it. Don't like drinking, 23 old friends talk too much and can't go tomorrow. Scholars from all over the world flocked to admire him. Thank you for not seeing him. People, especially Americans, all smiled and said, "Friends thrive, but friends are established. The season of the Eastern Han Dynasty can be used as a mirror. " The consequence is that those who plant the blame by restoring society have extraordinary knowledge! The ancient poems he wrote are only known by people who know very little. Dong said that his people, writings and paintings were not common in modern times. (selected from Jiangxi ancient prose essence series? Notebook? Zhou lianggong? Book Shadow ")
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Cui Zizhong, the word green earthworm. His ancestors were from Pingdu, Shandong Province. Cui Zizhong was poor when he was studying in prefectures and counties. The article he wrote was strange and profound, and he failed in the imperial examination many times, so he gave up the scientific examination and left very freely. The living places are all earthen walls in Chai Men, but they are very clean and tidy; Wearing a coarse coat in winter and a gingerbread shirt in summer, (his) wife also wears a usual coarse coat and works very hard. (His) three daughters can read and write. Although there is no livelihood that can guarantee three meals a day, he is very happy. He is good at painting, often painting the beautiful scenery of isolated places, and often relying on good ingenuity to pin his pride on this world; He is good at drawing characters, and nothing is untrue. At that time, most distinguished people were willing to associate with him, but he always avoided ignoring others. He doesn't like drinking, and two or three old friends also exchange words and talk together all day, never leaving. Many scholars came from all over the world and admired him, but most people refused to meet him. Someone blamed him, and he said with a smile, "There are too many people and too close relationships, and it is easy to be regarded as a private clique. The history of the late Eastern Han Dynasty can be used for reference. " Later, it turned out to be a party established by the "Fu She", which shows that his ability to see things is so extraordinary! Few people know his ancient poems, only his paintings. Mr Dong Qichang (Wen Min, posthumous title) once said that his personality, articles and paintings are not common in modern times.
3. Classical Chinese translation "Tiangong Kaiwu" and "Taocong No.7" Taocong: the production of bricks, tiles and ceramics.
The original Song Zi said: Fire and water help Ji. A country with thousands of rooms is short of thousands of people every day, and the civil use is also complicated.
Go to the next room to avoid the wind and rain, but cover it. The princes risked their lives to defend their country, but the walls were too narrow for them to get on.
The clay urn is strong and the wine wants to be clear. Wajie and acyl sugar are recommended. In Shang and Zhou dynasties, cowpea was made of wood, so it was also a quality problem.
Later generations have a miraculous effect on the earth, artificially showing differences, elegant, like jade bone. A few banquets, civilized and awesome. Is it solid at last? Song Zi said: When water is combined with fire and earth, pottery can be made.
In a country with a population of 10,000, it is not enough to use 1000 people to make pottery every day. The people use enough pottery. The house is built with beams to protect it from the wind and rain, and the roof is tiled.
The princes and ministers set up dangerous terrain and situation to stick to their country, and the built city wall was not easy to get up when the enemy invaded. The earthenware jar is thick, but the wine is clear. The tile is clean, and acyl sugar is used as a vegetarian sacrifice (a sacrifice without wine and meat tribute).
During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, cowpea and other containers were all made of wood. Is quality important also an idea? Later generations used earth objects to imitate gods, and the performance of man-made objects was different. Pottery has gradually become an elegant tool for people to play with, because the image of jade bone appeared in pottery. This kind of drama is hidden in several cases or banquets, and the image of civilization can be performed. Can't you reach the final state? ○ Wafan used mud to make tiles, dug more than two feet, and chose sand-free clay for it.
Within a hundred miles, it will be produced into a common earth tone for people's living rooms. All residential tiles are divided into four pieces, with buckets as templates, and four boundaries are drawn outside.
Mix the cooked mud and fold it into a rectangle. Then use a wire bow, the line is three points empty, limited by the ruler, flat into the mud (a piece), as if it were lifted from paper and wrapped around the bucket.
After a little drying, demoulding, naturally split into four pieces. There is no fixed formula for the size of each tile in ancient times. The big one is eight or nine inches, and the small one is three tenths smaller.
In rooms and ditches, there should be the largest one, called trench tile, which can keep out the rain and not overflow. After drying, the green body will be burned in the stack kiln, or one or two days and nights, depending on how long the kiln is extinguished.
Watering and turning (sound right) is the same as making bricks. Those hanging on the eaves have dripping water, those not on the roof have cloud tiles, those covering the roof with tiles have hugs, and the images of birds and animals at both ends of the roof are all hand-made, and one is made by fire and water in the kiln.
If it is used in the palace, it will be very different. It is made of glazed tiles, plates or bowls.
Taking eucalyptus globulus as a model, it is made piece by piece, and its soil is taken from Taipingfu (the capital of the boat transport party is 3 thousand miles), which is extremely harmful to people by engaging in false sand and hiring servants to spoil it. Even the Emperor Chengtian's Mausoleum was shot here.
First put it into a glazed tile kiln, and pour 5000 tiles into each firewood. Take it out and paint it green with the decoction of ring finger and brown hair, and yellow with ochre, rosin and cattail.
Then enter another kiln, reduce the fire and force it to be glazed. It is also done between Taitai Palace and Xianfo Hall in other provinces, but the pigments are coordinated, so it is not necessary to use the same, while the houses are prohibited.
○ Where bricks are made of mud, it is necessary to dig to test the color of the soil, whether it is blue or white, red or yellow. There are many red mud in Guangdong, Fujian, and blue people are famous for their good mud, mostly in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. ) are sticky but not scattered, powder but not sand.
Pumping water nourishes the soil. People only count Niu Yi, step into thick mud and fill it in wood. The wire bow will flatten its surface and turn it into a blank shape. Sleeping bricks and side bricks are used for the walls of pheasant houses in Yicheng County.
Sleeping bricks are long and narrow, and battlements are built to cherish and enrich the people. They go straight to the base and do not hesitate to work. The residential calculator is paved with bricks all the way to sleep, and it is filled with gravel to save money.
Anything stuck on the ground outside the wall brick is called a square brick. The Towa people on the purlin are called yellow bricks.
Bow bridges, ghost gates and tombs are called knife bricks and bow bricks. The narrow and one-sided place of the knife brick is tightly packed and round, so that the horses and chariots can not be crushed.
Make a square brick, put the mud into a square, cover the surface with a flat plate, stand on it with two people's feet, polish and reinforce it, and pour it effectively. The mason grinds the edges and then grinds the ground.
Knife brick looks a little more directly at the wall brick, while Wong brick has ten points as one of the wall bricks, and square brick has ten points as one of the enemy wall bricks. After the bricks are green, they enter the kiln, and the firepower is 200 times that of the day and night.
There are firewood kilns and coal kilns for burning bricks. Turn green and black with wages and white with coal.
When three holes are drilled on the top of the firewood kiln to smoke and the fire stops, plug the holes with mud and then turn to water to drill holes. Where the temperature is below one or two degrees, not only the color, but also the tender fire brick.
True colors are mixed, frost and snow are soluble, and the soil is still. One or two bricks have cracks on the surface, and three or two bricks shrink and crack, and warping does not stretch, which is not suitable for use.
Skilled users use it as a foundation in buried soil, but it also has the use of bricks. When you look at the fire, you can see the inner wall from the kiln door. The soil is exposed to the fire, and its shape and spirit are shaking. If gold and silver are extremely melted, Tao Chang can tell.
The method of turning around is to make a flat land on the top of the kiln, circle it slightly and pour water on it. Bricks and tiles cost 40 stones.
The water god penetrated under the soil film and felt the fire. Fire and water ji ji, its quality lasts forever.
If the coal kiln is twice as deep as the firewood kiln, the bow on it will become smaller and smaller, and the top will not be capped. Inside, coal is used to make a five-foot wide cake. Each piece of coal is separated by a layer of bricks, and reeds are paid to ignite.
If the imperial house is made of bricks, the largest factory is in Linqing, and the Ministry of Industry is in charge. The initial colors are deputy brick, coupon brick, flat brick, table brick, axe blade brick, square brick and so on. And then remove half the leather.
Shipment to Beijing, 40 yuan per ship, half the fare. Those who decorate the main hall with square bricks are all made in Suzhou.
Its glazed tiles have been printed with "tiles". Paid taiji factory, burned by black kiln cloud.
○ Tao is a genus with hundreds of species. Big jars, medium bowls, small bottles and jars, and rustic money system will not work.
Whoever made it must be a round rather than a square device. After trying to find the mud, the pottery car is still turning.
Skillful kung fu kneading mud according to the size of the viewer has not increased much. The two men helped the mud rotate, and they squeezed it. Dragon and phoenix jars (a real kiln in Quyang and Yangzhou, Zhengding) are different from the Nanzhi flower jars used for migration, so they are all straight or hundreds or fifty times.
Everything with ears and mouth is another, and it is muddy. Pottery has a bottom and nothing.
Who told me the translation of this classical Chinese? A few years ago, I met a hermit in Xijing Mountain. I had a good talk with him. The old man was very happy and advised me not to be an official. It is not bad to live in seclusion in the mountains.
I asked him where he could live in seclusion, and the old man said, "Do you want to know?" Just take me into the mountain and there will be a big hole. The old man went in first, and I followed him in. The cave became smaller and wider after thirty or forty steps, and then he walked out of the cave after thirty or forty steps. The mouth of the cave is farmland, and chickens and dogs are familiar with each other, making pottery and ironmaking. This is a place where people live together.
When I arrived at a family, the family greeted me and asked the old man with a smile, "Long time no see?" The old man told him: This man has come, can he stay? (Moderator) Answer: This place is vast and sparsely populated. I often want to invite people to stay, but no one comes. How dare I not let him stay? So I took out the wine and drank it together. This kind of wine is very mellow and rich in flavor, which is beyond human taste. I am very happy to kill the chicken and cook. I said to Yang (who followed the old man into the cave), come and live quickly. If there is chaos in the world, I will block the hole with mud. Then who else can find it? He also said: although the residents here have different surnames, they trust each other very much and get along well, so they can live together well.
If you just go to different places, you are suspicious of each other and compete with each other, and you are unwilling to let in. I think your temperament is either powerful or famous. Old people are willing to bring you, but sometimes it's because of your good character.
What we eat, wear and use here is not hidden, but equally distributed with others, so we can get along well together. If you decide to come, don't bring gold, silver and jewels. It's useless here, and it will cause disputes. You can go and see it empty-handed.
He pointed to a family and said that the family had just arrived and had some silk jewelry, and everyone burned those things. All we need is rice, firewood, fish, vegetables and fruit. There is nothing lacking here.
You can raise silkworms by yourself, and you can't rely on others to provide food and clothing. Yang said goodbye to him and said that he would do as he said.
(The man) warned him again: If you come late, the hole will be sealed. In the evening, I went out of the hole with the old man. If my brother and I both give up our jobs now and are not together, can you promise? .
5. "Fresh" appears in those classical Chinese [xiān]
In the case of explaining adjectives, his meaning and classical Chinese are listed as follows:
1. Fresh
Turtle fresh fish. -"Poetry, Elegance and Hanyi"
The grass is delicious. -Tao Jin Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Garden"
Fish, wax and fresh animals are as good as ever. -"Ceremony"
The roots are bright and shiny. -Song Shen Guo's "Meng Qian Bi Tan"
2. Different; Clear and clean.
Clothes are often fresher than mine. -"Han Guang Chuan Wang Huiyue Biography"
3. Delicious
Those fat and fresh ones. -Liu Ming Ji's Orangeman's Speech
There is no fresh fat taste. -Song Ming Lian's Preface to Dongyang
Step 4 die young
Everything buried fresh belongs to Simon. -"Zuo Gong Five Years"
5. Very little, very little
Decadence has no beginning, and fresh talents have an end. -"Poetry, Elegance and Swing"
Xiao Qingxin. -Historical Records and Biography of Huo Zhi
It is rare to miss an appointment, ie few people make mistakes because of thrift. -Song Sima Guang's "Cultivating Self-cultivation"
The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is rarely heard after Tao. -Song Zhou Dunyi's Love Lotus
It's rare and not popular. -Fang Qing Bao's Miscellaneous Notes in Prison
6. Be sure to adopt, be sure to adopt the classical Chinese translated by Guo Yong. Guo Yong is from Yuancheng, Yuan Mingfu, and Yuancheng, Yuan Mingfu. When I was young, I was just smart, brave and decisive, and I was seven feet tall. He has to be as tall as a fairy, because his grandfather's official position is to join the army in Danzhou. The governor of Danzhou is a soldier and has no scruples about abusing power for personal gain. Guo Yong has repeatedly sanctioned him according to law. The satrap was furious and glared at Guo Yong. Guo would never change because of this, so the satrap pretended to put in a good word and recommended him to the court. Later, the satrap wanted to change the case file. Guo Yong tried not to be obeyed, raised the document to him with his sleeve, and brushed off his clothes. (Guo Yong) was transferred to Qinghe County and soon managed Otani County. Taiyuan Shuai is generally served by a minister. Each banquet costs thousands of dollars, collecting goods from various counties, especially Otani County. Guo Yong wrote to the shogunate: "Not a tenth of the money, but the people's cream. Can it be used as the cost of the banquet? " If I don't get the order, I will report it back. "The county can't force him. There is a pool in the county town that can produce sex and rain. In case of drought, Wu took this opportunity to speak out and encourage people. Hit Wu with a stick, expose them to the sun, and it will rain soon. People in the county recorded this strange phenomenon on a stone. The government sent several groups of foot soldiers called "police thieves" to spy on the heads of counties and wander around doing evil, never to return. No one dares to disobey them. Guo Yong took them to the county government with shackles and handcuffs, and the county government took back all the people from other counties. Therefore, he repeated the pros and cons of the inconvenience to the envoys and counties, and some of them were abolished and not implemented. Someone said to Guo Yong, "The world is echoing this voice, so don't suffer from it. Guo Yong said: "I only know how to realize my ambition, and I have no time to think about other things." . "The people of Otani County are very comfortable with his governance, thinking that no one can compare with Guo Yong since there was a magistrate. A few years after leaving office, he passed by again, and people of all ages stopped him from staying, just like Guo Yonggang had just left.
(1), Shao: When I was a child.
(2) Length: height.
(3) if: such as.
(4), ruling: sanctions.
(5) Give orders: Take out documents.
(6) Imprisonment: the file on which the conviction is based.
(7), death: the document granting the official.
(8) Voting to dissolve: submit an opinion to impeach yourself and ask for resignation.
(9) Official document transmission: official document.
(10). Hide: Stop and keep.
7. Taoli said nothing. The Analects of Confucius, a classical Chinese text, said: "People who are superior behave correctly, even if they don't give orders, people will abide by them;" If your behavior is not correct, even if you give an order, people will not follow it. " Probably talking about General Lee. I think general Li is sincere and simple like a countryman, and he is not good at talking. On the day of his death, all the people who knew and didn't know him mourned for him. Did his honest character really win the trust of literati? As the saying goes, "Peach and plum trees can't talk, but they will naturally be trampled into paths under the trees." Although this is a trivial matter, it can be used to illustrate the truth.
Second, really trust.
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metaphor
Third, 1 General Xie went out, so he went to the Ministry angrily and led the soldiers and the right general to eat their troops and leave their master. The army died, or lost its way and became a general. The general fought Khan, Khan fled and Fu was able to get back. Munan, meet the former general and the right general. Seeing the general, I joined the army. The general's envoy, Chang Shifu, wanted to write a book and report the twists and turns of the imperial army because of his extensive inquiry and misconduct. Hongdao is wrong. The general made the long history anxious and blamed Hongdao shogunate. Guang said, "All the generals are innocent, but I have lost my way. I am in the book now. "
Speak wide and talk little, live with people, draw an army, shoot wide and drink narrow. Designed to shoot for the play, it died. What Guang Zhi's generals lack is a unique place. When they see water, their foot soldiers don't drink, they don't approach water, their foot soldiers don't eat, and they don't taste food. Generosity is not harsh, and scholars use this philharmonic.
3 Out of the Great Wall (Tang Dynasty), Wang Changling passed the customs in the Qin Dynasty, but the Long March people did not return. If Wei Qing, who attacked Longcheng, and Li Guang, the flying general, were alive today, the Huns would not be allowed to go south to spend their horses in Yinshan.
4 plug-in songs
Lulun
In the dim moonlight, wild geese are soaring, and the leader of the Tatars is fleeing in the dark.
We chased them, the horse was lightly burdened, and the broadsword was full of bows and knives.
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8. If you want less morality, you will have less morality-if you want less worldly desires, you will be highly respected.
This should be due to Liezi's desire for less and less respect; Liezi said in his book "Tian Rui" that the world is made up of matter, and people are also made up of matter. They are just changing, not dying, the sky is falling, but the form is changing. Why bother? Look on the bright side, life and death are the same as you.
Liezi, named Kou, also known as Yukou, is said to be a Taoist figure in the early Warring States period. He is another representative figure of Taoist thought besides Laozi and Zhuangzi. Zheng Ren is about the same age as Zheng Miaogong. His scholarship originated from Huangdi Laozi, and he advocated inaction. Liezi devoted his life to moral study, lived in seclusion for forty years, and practiced Buddhism silently without seeking fame and fortune. The fable that we are familiar with, "A Mountain with a Foolish Duke", comes from this open book.
9. A persistent habit of translating classical Chinese: a long-standing old habit. Old habits that have been formed for a long time are hard to change.
Source: Ba Jin's On One's own Creation: Preface: "It is really difficult to change a habit. Picking up a pen is like turning on a tap, and the water keeps flowing. "
Is this classical Chinese? No, I only know idioms.
Liu Rong, a writer in Qing Dynasty, studied in a room on the west side of Yanghui Hall when he was young. He was so absorbed that he bowed his head and studied hard when he didn't understand anything. When he couldn't think of an answer, he looked up and thought, pacing up and down the room.
The house has a pothole, one foot in diameter, and it is getting bigger and bigger. Every time I pass by, Liu Rong always stumbles. At first, he felt uncomfortable, but after a long time, he got used to it. Going there again is as safe as walking on the ground.
Liu Rong's father found the potholes on the ground of this house and smiled and said to Liu Rong, "If you can't manage a house well, can you manage the country?" Then ask the servant to fill in the hole.
After his father left, Liu Rong began to walk around the house again, reading and thinking, and went to the original pothole. He felt the ground suddenly hit. He was surprised and looked down. The ground was flat. He walked clumsily for many geniuses and gradually got used to it.
Liu Rong couldn't help feeling: "The habit in the initial stage is very important for a person to study, so it is very important for a gentleman to be cautious about the habit formation in the initial stage."
Implicit truth: when a person studies, the habits in the initial stage are very important. When a gentleman studies, it is important to be cautious about the habit formation in the initial stage.
10. Translate classical Chinese ~ ~ I have been visiting Xiangyang every week, urging foot soldiers in farming training and diligently adopting other people's opinions. Wang Dun was worried about Zhou's visit, but afraid of his strength, he dared not launch a rebellion. Zhou's trip was so powerful that people from far and near came to join in. Zhou's visit to wise SHEN WOO was a famous ZTE in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Zhou's visit is modest and he never talks about his achievements. Someone asked Zhou: "Others have some advantages, and few people don't praise themselves." . You have made great achievements in this way, but you haven't said a word. Why? Zhou said during the inspection: "This is the result of the hard work of the soldiers." . What's the credit for my weekly visit? "Scholars therefore (more) respect him.
Zhou visited the drill soldiers to select elite soldiers, intending to try their best to recover the Central Plains, and generously encouraged them to have the ambition to pacify Heluo. Zhou's visit to the good soothes the recruiter, who is willing to die for him. Zhou Zhou heard that Wang Dunyou had rebellious thoughts, and Zhou Zhou often gnashed her teeth when talking about it. Although Wang Dun had the intention of rebellion in his heart, he dared not do evil when he was alive.