Technical paper of railway public works technicians-railway public works management and current situation analysis
This paper summarizes the application status of railway public works management information system at home and abroad, analyzes the new situation and trend of railway public works management in China, and looks forward to the railway public works management in China.
Keywords: situation management of railway public works informatization
China Library Classification Number: F230 Document Identification Number: Part A Number:1674-098x (2013) 02 (a)-0219-01.
Based on my personal experience in railway public works, this paper combs the management and situation of railway public works in China, which can be summarized as: it is the great development of China railway. Railway public works equipment is the infrastructure of railway, which directly affects the safety and efficiency of railway transportation. The effective management of railway public works facilities has always been a hot research topic for railway workers at home and abroad. According to the grim situation, the key points of public works in the future are: continuously optimizing the production organization, laying a solid foundation for safety, ensuring the safe operation of speed-up lines, achieving safety, high speed and reliability, grasping the maintenance and management of speed-up lines with a high standard and scientific attitude, and ensuring the safety of speed-up; Achieve a balanced improvement in line quality and comprehensively improve safety and security capabilities; Cultivate high-skilled personnel for speed-up line maintenance, and add stamina for the sustainable development of railways.
1 Railway public works is facing a new situation
The successful implementation of six large-scale speed-up surveying and mapping, the successful opening and operation of the intercity railway with a speed of 350 km2/h, and the successful opening and operation of several passenger dedicated lines with a speed of 200 km2/h and above indicate that China has ushered in a new round of high-speed railway construction climax. With the great changes in transportation conditions and railway construction, railway public works work is facing a more complicated situation and higher requirements.
1. 1 High-speed and heavy-load synchronous development
The axles of heavy-haul railway trains are very heavy, which will cause serious damage to infrastructure. Its structure requires high strength and maintainability: the high speed density of high-speed railway requires high smoothness of infrastructure, high reliability of its structure and minimal repair work.
1.2 Ballasted and ballastless tracks coexist
The track of the existing railway lines in China is basically ballasted track, and the ballastless track is the main track for passenger dedicated lines, high-speed railways and intercity railways, and the ballasted track is the main track for passenger dedicated lines with a speed of 200 kilometers per hour. The public works department should not only deal with the problem of ballasted track, but also solve the problem of ballastless track.
1.3 Reform and construction are carried out simultaneously.
Under the new situation, the change of management mode is inevitable, and the change of management mode will inevitably bring great changes to public works. Whether it is equipment management, technical management, construction work and so on, it will bring profound changes.
1.4 improve the ability of independent innovation
Improving the ability of independent innovation and accelerating technological progress are the key links of public works management. The public works department is faced with the innovation of concept, technology and management.
1.5 external environmental pressure increases.
The increase of train speed, truck axle load and driving density has brought new problems to public works.
2 China Railway Public Works Development Trend
Under the situation of great changes in railway construction, China's railway public works show the following trends.
2. 1 structural modernization of railway track bridges
In recent years, the Ministry of Railways has vigorously promoted the heavy track structure. In the process of replacing rails, the technical content has been increased, and the laying of rail track structure of 60 kilograms per meter of trunk line has been basically realized, especially the laying of cross-section and full-section jointless track has been greatly increased. During the track replacement and overhaul, we should adhere to the principle of matching conditions and firm structure, attach importance to the supporting work of overhaul, vigorously complete the work of replacing concrete sleepers in sections, increase the sleeper configuration, replace unqualified turnout, lay reinforced concrete sleepers or adopt various new foundations under the track to improve the structural strength of the track.
In the treatment of subgrade diseases, we attach great importance to adopting new technologies and new processes to improve the working conditions of crushed stone ballast bed and subgrade. In the bridge overhaul, new technologies and materials such as new coating system for steel beams, K-type separable fasteners on the bridge and new waterproof layer of steel fiber reinforced concrete deck are actively adopted, which improves the structural strength of the bridge. Through overhaul of bridge equipment, the modernization of bridge structure has made great progress.
2.2 The new level of railway maintenance machinery
With the implementation of China's railway construction and large-scale speed-up projects, the development of large-scale road maintenance machinery has been greatly promoted. Adopt high-efficiency large-scale road maintenance machinery to open? Skylight? Line operation is not only an effective means to solve the busy transportation line maintenance in China, but also the development direction of modern railway line maintenance. The new equipment and new methods adopted can guarantee the improvement of line quality, ensure transportation safety and expand capacity. China's large-scale road maintenance machinery has formed a certain scale, with complete main machinery and auxiliary equipment. It is not only equipped with tamping, screening, dynamic stability, ballast shaping and other models, but also equipped with new machinery such as rail grinding vehicle, turnout grinding vehicle, turnout tamping vehicle, maintenance train and turnout laying and replacement equipment. Large-scale road maintenance machinery is used for large-scale maintenance of lines. The expansion of equipment scale has greatly improved the working capacity of large-scale road maintenance machinery, ensured the normal needs of line maintenance, played an important role in disaster emergency rescue as soon as possible, and made it possible to improve the opening speed of new lines. In the five speed-raising projects of the whole railway, a large number of engineering tasks such as line change and superelevation adjustment have been successfully completed, and the line has reached the target speed.
2.3 Railway Works Safety Production Management Informatization
With the development of high-speed and heavy-haul railways, road network maintenance has become a key issue for transportation production organization and traffic safety. With the help of information technology, using the dynamic detection data of track inspection vehicle, dynamic inspection vehicle, on-board line inspection instrument, passenger car, flaw detection vehicle, and static detection data of track inspection instrument, precision line measurement, manual detection, etc., and integrating various factors affecting track deterioration such as train density, load, speed, etc., through comprehensive statistical analysis, we can find out the changing trend of track quality, explore the changing law of track state, and assist in formulating and implementing maintenance plans. Zero error? And then what? Intensive inspection and intensive repair? Over the years, it has become an important goal to gradually realize the informationization of railway public works safety production management. Realizing the informatization of railway public works safety production management is helpful for the public works department to implement it? Zero error? This maintenance concept is conducive to scientifically guiding maintenance operations, eliminating hidden dangers in time, ensuring good line quality and safety and reliability, promoting the improvement of public works management level, providing technical support for railway fixed equipment safety guarantee system, realizing scientific public works decision-making and comprehensively improving public works management level.
3 Conclusion
Under the long-term operation of trains and natural conditions, railway lines will inevitably be deformed or damaged. In order to ensure the safe, stable and fast operation of the train and prolong the service life of all parts of the line, it is necessary to strengthen the maintenance and overhaul of the line and keep the line equipment in good condition. The basic task of the public works department is the basic work in the railway transportation organization system, which becomes the premise of ensuring transportation safety, transportation efficiency and transportation service. Therefore, public works equipment must focus on the needs of traffic development, rely on scientific and technological progress, realize the modernization of bridge structure, mechanization of construction work and scientific management of enterprises, and make the public works equipment gradually transition from restricted type to adaptive type in order to obtain the most favorable comprehensive technical and economic effects. In order to adapt to the changes of external environment and the requirements of transportation conditions, the work of public works departments has also undergone profound changes in recent years. The reform of public works management has not only become a great pressure, but also a powerful driving force for the progress of public works management.
refer to
[1] Zhang Jinlong, Wang Ruiyao. Research and Development of Nanchang Railway Administration's Public Works Management Information System [J]. Railway Computer Application, 200 1(8).
[2] Stone writing. Research on Management Information System of Shanghai Municipal Engineering Bureau [J]. Shanghai Railway Science and Technology, 1999(2).
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