① Garbage soil 70%, river sand 30%.

② 60% dry river mud and 40% honeycomb cinder are mixed.

③ 70% of vegetable garden soil, 20% of honeycomb cinder and 0/0% of river sand/kloc.

Second, basin time.

It should be done after defoliation in early winter or before germination in early spring.

Third, fertilize and water.

Potted roses are controlled by limited pot soil, so the requirements for fertilizer and water are strict.

① A convenient and hygienic compound fertilizer is generally preferred, because compound fertilizer has many elements, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are better combined. Apply about 20 grams per plant (the amount should not be too much), deepen the soil around the basin with iron about 10 cm, then apply fertilizer and cover the soil.

(2) Watering is one of the basic tasks of flower cultivation, but it is often the reason why plants die easily. Water depends on the soil in the basin. Be sure to water it once when it is dry. Too wet can easily lead to rotten roots. Change the soil in the basin every other year, and cut off the roots around the basin bottom when changing the basin, so as to produce more flowers, bigger flowers and more colorful flowers.

Fourth, plastic trimming.

Usually, pruning is not needed, and the dense branches, dead branches and pest branches of old plants can be pruned. Roses are in bloom. If they fail, pick them and bloom again, otherwise they will only bloom 1 time.

Weeding scientifically, because the seedlings are small and weeds are easy to grow, it is necessary to weed in real time so as not to hurt the seedlings without grass. The connected soil is loose. Fertilization is mainly based on organic fertilizer, and topdressing is carried out four times a year as usual. Pouring livestock manure water for the first time before and after Hanukkah Festival is called accelerating germination fertilizer, and watering is carried out in real time. In late April, apply human and animal manure for the second time before the flower bud is pregnant or before picking flowers to promote more and fuller flower buds; Apply bio-organic fertilizer in May, and apply overwintering fertilizer in late autumn and early winter to ensure the safe overwintering of seedlings. Flowering in June, after dormancy in winter, cut off rotten branches, diseased branches and twigs and grow new branches. Careful pest control should be carried out at all stages of field management.

Matters needing attention

As soon as the potted rose period is over, it enters the hot and humid summer, and most of them are in a dormant and semi-dormant state. Strengthening the management and rejuvenation maintenance of potted roses in summer can break the dormancy period and make them bloom continuously throughout the summer. Its main management measures are:

1, shading and ventilation.

The soil of potted roses is limited, and it is easy to dry out in hot weather, so it is necessary to shade the roses to cool down. It is best to put potted flowers under a tree or a shed in the hospital from 8 am to 4 pm, so that potted flowers can receive scattered light and create suitable environmental conditions for the growth and flowering of roses.

2. Fertilize and water more.

Roses bloom many times and need to be supplied with sufficient nutrients and water to ensure vigorous growth. In summer, evaporation is large, consumption is large, and it grows rapidly. Apply thin fertilizer every 10 day at flowering stage. Bean cakes and bird droppings can also be soaked in water, and mixed with water for topdressing after closed fermentation to make plants flourish and break the dormant state of roses in summer. Dried water should be used for watering to reduce the temperature difference between basin soil and water. If too cold water is used, it will stimulate the root system and affect the normal development of plants.

3. Spray more water.

Rose is in a semi-dormant state above 33℃, and the average temperature is 20 ~ 25℃, which is most favorable for growth. Therefore, in summer, in addition to proper shading, more water should be sprayed, preferably once in the morning and once in the afternoon, to create a humid environment and promote the growth of flowers and leaves.

The maintenance of roses is wrapped in plastic film. After choosing a satisfactory flower material, it must be wrapped in plastic film to avoid water loss. Cut it as soon as possible after returning to China and insert it in water to extend the viewing period. Bottle about two-thirds of water in glass flowers, add a little salt, and cut off about one centimeter from the lower part of each flower stem. The incision is preferably horseshoe-shaped, that is, inclined, so that it can last for about a week. First, put the flower roots in hot water. A vase can last for a week.

Development: the cultivation method of potted small roses

Rose is a sunny, cold-resistant and drought-tolerant plant. If planted in a wet place, it will grow weakly and bloom less. So roses must be planted in sunny, ventilated, humid and well-drained places. When planting, apply sufficient decomposed organic fertilizer, and after planting, pour enough water. In the future maintenance, 1 time should be applied in early spring, 1 time before and during flowering, and 1 time before winter. If the weather is dry in early spring, it should be fully watered to promote flower bud differentiation; Cultivate the soil when flowering to prolong the flowering time; Prune properly after autumn to promote the germination of new branches. In this way, plants can produce more, bigger and more fragrant flowers in the second year.

1, potted time. It should be done after defoliation in early winter or before germination in early spring.

2. Fertilize and water. Roses like fertilizer. After potted plants are served on the table, apply 1 decomposed organic liquid fertilizer once every 10 days, and also apply some liquid fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium in the germination stage. Water should be done according to the weather conditions, and water should be done every day in hot summer. Usually, the soil in the basin will be watered when it is dry, and the residual flowers should be removed in time after flowering.

Step 3 trim. Because the dormancy period needs pruning, it can promote the vigorous growth of plants and prolong the flowering period.

4. Pest control.

Matters needing attention in open field cultivation

1, plant selection. It should be planted in a well-drained and sunny place, not in a low-lying place to avoid water accumulation. The soil should be loose and fertile.

2. Fertilize and water. Before planting, decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied as base fertilizer. Plants before germination. During the growth period, it is necessary to topdressing organic liquid fertilizer with nitrogen as the main fertilizer 1~2 times, and topdressing liquid fertilizer with phosphorus and potassium as the main fertilizer 1 time before flowering. After defoliation, ditch around the plant, apply rotten leaf fertilizer, irrigate and seal the soil. In the early spring bud germination period and dry season, pay attention to watering in summer, don't make the soil too dry, and water it according to the wet and dry conditions of the soil at ordinary times.

3. Lamian Noodles. Because of the strong branching ability of roses, attention should be paid to branching. Generally, every two years 1 time, each tree can maintain 5~6 branches.

Step 4 trim. It is necessary to prune plants during dormancy, which can promote the vigorous growth of plants.

5, pest control.

Basic knowledge of potted plants

Potting is one of the important ways of flower production in greenhouse. Generally, flowers in greenhouses are potted, and some open flowers are potted, such as a bunch of red flowers and marigold. It can meet the market demand in winter and spring when flowers are scarce.

Preimplantation preparation

Potted flowers are mainly prepared for seedling raising and soil cultivation before planting. Planted seedlings can be obtained through various propagation methods or purchase. Different kinds of flowers have different requirements for cultivating soil.

Potted soil with rich nutrients and good physical properties should be selected to prepare culture soil. It is usually made of various culture soils. Due to the different materials and habits in different places, the production methods are not the same.

Orchid potted ground orchids are humus soil, containing a small amount of sand; The aerial orchid is sphagnum, coconut block or charcoal block.