Selection of planting technical varieties of potted Toona sinensis: For indoor potted Toona sinensis, you should choose high-quality Toona sinensis with red oil in the north, such as Toona sinensis with red oil in Ningjin, Dezhou, Shandong Province, and it must be an authentic local variety. If it is cultivated with exotic seeds, it is not desirable, because the produced Toona sinensis buds are not bright red in color, not crisp and tender in taste, and the trees are delicate and lignified.
Pot soil preparation and planting pot selection: the main components of pot soil are 60% peat and 40% loose and fertile garden soil. Add 3kg NPK compound fertilizer or 10kg fully decomposed and deodorized dried chicken manure into the pot soil according to 1 m3, mix the soil and fertilizer evenly, and cover with plastic film for 30 days. It is advisable to choose pottery pots or other artistic flowerpots with beautiful shape, relatively strong shape, few vent holes at the bottom, large caliber and low price.
Planting: Potted Toona sinensis leaves in seedlings can be put into pots after a natural dormancy period of about 20 days. On the day of pot planting, the whole plant and nursery should be sprayed with mixed aqueous solution of broad-spectrum bactericide, insecticide and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate before seedling emergence to ensure the healthy growth of seedlings after pot planting.
Indoor management: Toona sinensis likes light, and its flower buds are bright red and fragrant under sufficient light, so it is best to put them indoors with sufficient light and temperature above 10℃. Indoor management is mainly about watering in time, and it is best to spray plants with a small sprayer 1 ~ 2 times a day.
Toona sinensis planting technology, soil preparation, fertilization and base fertilizer must be applied to cultivate Toona sinensis in solar greenhouse. Apply high-quality farmyard manure of not less than 5,000 kg, calcium superphosphate of not less than 100 kg and urea of 25 kg per mu, evenly spread and plough, and then prepare the soil for 80- 100cm wide border.
The planting techniques of Toona sinensis should be planted well, and the planted seedlings should be excavated in time. Planting is too early, and the dormancy of Toona sinensis has not been completed. After planting in greenhouse, the bud head is short and slender, and the product is rich in fiber, with light fragrance, bitter taste and poor quality. Planting too late, Toona sinensis seedlings are not cold-resistant, and the ground parts are frozen after cold, which is easy to cause dried bamboo shoots. After the leaves of Toona sinensis fall off, they sleep at a low temperature below 5℃ for about 17 days. In order to break dormancy, seedlings can be raised in greenhouse in the middle and late June of 165438+ 10, the shed can be closed before the cold wave comes in the middle and early February of 65438+,or the seedlings can be planted in the open field after emergence.
Greenhouse management, the temperature of Toona sinensis germination and growth in greenhouse in winter is 2-4℃ higher than that in the open field. When the temperature rises to 12- 14℃, it will germinate, and the bud will only elongate at 18-22℃. So1the number of Toona sinensis in the greenhouse will reach 65438 in late October. After planting Toona sinensis, water it every 10- 15 days 1 time. During the harvest, spray water at noon on sunny days 3-5 days before each harvest until the leaves drip. When the air is dry, spray water into the air to keep the relative humidity of the air in the greenhouse 60%-70%. At noon, the shed temperature exceeds 30℃, so open the window for ventilation. When rolling curtains in the morning, beat the film with a long bamboo pole to make water drop on the film. If there is too much dust on the film surface, spray water on the shed surface for cleaning at noon.
When picking, pick the terminal buds clustered on the buds and let the remaining buds continue to split into leaves at the base. Harvesting should be done in the morning and evening. After the terminal bud is harvested, the upper 4-6 lateral buds germinate rapidly, and the second crop can be harvested after 65,438+05-20 days, and then 65,438+0 crops are harvested every 65,438+05 days until the listing of Toona sinensis in late April. * * * Harvest for 4-5 times. After each bud harvest, topdressing and watering are required. High density planting in plastic solar greenhouse can produce 6000 kilograms of Toona sinensis buds per mu.
The planting point of Toona sinensis is 1. Select excellent varieties and cultivate strong seedlings. Choose disease-resistant varieties with strong growth potential, strong fragrance and high oil content, such as Toona sinensis and Toona sinensis. Soak the seeds in 1% formaldehyde solution for 20 minutes or soak them in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution 1 day for disinfection, then take out the seeds, wash them several times, drain the water, put them into wet cloth bags (or sacks), and sow them after 7- 10 days when a few seeds crack and expose radicles.
2. Sowing time. Sow at the end of March to the beginning of April when the daily minimum temperature is 1℃-5℃. Trenching is carried out on the whole seedbed according to the row spacing of 20-30cm or 40cm, the trench depth is 3-4cm, and the sowing width is 6 6- 10/0cm. Leveling the bottom of the ditch with a hoe and watering the ditch with small water. After the water seeps down, sow the seeds evenly in the ditch, with the density of 25-30 plants per square meter. 2-4g seeds per mu in nursery. After sowing, cover with fine soil 1- 1.5cm, and rake along the ditch. If the weather is dry, the soil can be thickened or covered with 1 layer of fine sand, or the frame can be covered with plastic film to help keep moisture and germinate. After sowing, in order to prevent soil hardening, a shed with a height of 1 m can be built on the ridge of the field, and the shed can be covered with corn stalks or weeds. When the seedlings grow to the height of 10- 15 cm, the plastic film can be removed. When using 1-2 true leaves, the seedling spacing should be kept at about 10 cm. When planting 3-4 real leaves, the plant spacing is 15-20cm or 30cm. 2-3 leaves were sprayed with 0. 1%-0.2% urea solution. When the seedling height is 20 cm, combined with watering, apply urea 150 kg per hectare or spray 0. 1%- 1% urea solution on the leaves. In mid-August, topdressing calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate 187.5 kg per hectare.
3. Land selection and planting. Choose a plot with a groundwater level of 2-3 meters, good drainage and strong water and fertilizer conservation ability. Large and small row planting methods are adopted, with large row spacing 1-3m, small row spacing 1-2m and plant spacing of 0.2-0.3m If the cluster planting method is adopted, the row spacing is 2.5-3m, the cluster spacing is 2m, and the plants in the cluster are 0.3-0.5m..
4. Strengthen fertilizer and water management. Water the seedlings 1 time after planting, and then water them 1 time after 20-30 days. After watering or after rain, ploughing and weeding should be done in time. Topdressing 1 time in April-May and July, respectively, with urea 100-300 kg or human manure 1.50-22500 kg per hectare. After August, there is no need to apply nitrogen fertilizer and water. In September, 750-900 kilograms of calcium superphosphate was applied to each hectare, and frozen water was poured between rows to enhance the cold resistance of plants. 165438+ 10, 30 cm of soil can be cultivated at the root of young trees in the first half of October, and the soil can be moved in the early spring of the following year. Three to five days before the first harvest, apply nitrogen fertilizer or human manure 1 times, 0.5 ~ 1 kg for each plant and 0. 1 ~ 0.2 kg for young trees. When the new buds grow to about 3 cm, spray 0.25% urea solution and water after topdressing. In spring, summer and autumn, apply 1 ternary compound fertilizer every month.
5. Dwarf shaping. The bark with the width of 1 circle and 1.5-2 cm can be stripped from the predetermined branches without damaging xylem. From late June to early July, when the seedling height is 30-40 cm, use a sharp shovel to cut off the taproot of the seedling below 30 cm underground. The seedlings were treated with 200-400 times solution of paclobutrazol, and annual seedlings began in the middle and late July, and perennial seedlings began at the end of June. From the end of June to the beginning of July, when the height of the seedlings is 40-50 cm, the annual branches are cored and kept dry 15-25 cm. If it is cut short, it can be cut short again at 15-20 cm above the ground. When the seedlings grow to 30-40 cm, cut off the branches of the current year in June-July, leaving 15-20 cm, with 2-3 compound leaves. After 25-30 days, 2-3 first-class branches can be extracted from the base of compound leaf petiole. When the primary branch grows to more than 30 cm, it is cut short, leaving a length of 5- 10 cm, so that each primary branch sends out 1-2 secondary branches. In the following spring, after picking the first new bud of Toona sinensis, cut back 2-3 compound leaves at the lower part to promote the growth of lateral branches. After two years, it can be cultivated into a dwarf tree with a height of about 1 m and four lateral branches.
6. Control pests and diseases. In order to control Rhizoctonia solani, besides avoiding close planting seedlings and paying attention to reasonable watering, we can also spray roots with 50% zineb 800 times solution. Spraying with 0.2-0.3 Baume sulfur mixture or 50% wettable powder 800- 1000 times to control leaf rust and powdery mildew. Insect pests mainly include scarab, Toona sinensis moth and so on. Spray 250g of 50% phoxim EC or irrigate scarab with 250g of water. For Toona sinensis, 1/20 pieces of aluminum phosphide can be stuffed into the dung hole, and the wormhole can be sealed with yellow mud.
7, timely harvest. Toona sinensis, commonly cultivated and cultivated in dwarfing culture, usually germinates before Tomb-Sweeping Day, and the terminal buds can be picked before and after Grain Rain. The second picking, called the first Toona sinensis bud, is not only fat and tender, but also rich in flavor and high in quality; According to the future growth, every 15? 20 days, the second picking. Newly planted Toona sinensis can be harvested twice at most, and twice a year after 3 years. Three times, the output will increase accordingly. As for protected cultivation, it can also be picked by heating in winter. If it is not heated, tree buds can be supplied in advance in early spring.
& gt& gt& gt More exciting next page? How to cultivate Toona sinensis?