The pruning order of red Fuji apple trees is to prune big branches first, and then prune small branches; Trim the lower branches first, and then trim the upper branches; Prune the branches in the crown first, and then prune the branches outside the crown. For better ventilation, light transmission and high yield of fruit trees, the principle of "three sparse and three dense" should be followed when pruning red Fuji apple trees, that is, large branches are sparse and small branches are dense; The upper branch is sparse and the lower branch is dense; The branches outside the crown are sparse and the branches inside the crown are dense.
2 light cut and long put year after year, do not cut flowers and fruits.
Within 1 and 2 years after the red fuji is planted, except for the backbone branches or other branches with space, other moderate branches are not cut, released slowly, and then recovered after the fruit is harvested, and the branches that are too dense and too prosperous are appropriately cut off.
3 gear combination, flush scissors
In order to prevent the branches of Red Fuji from releasing slowly year after year, the top of the branches is branched, which leads to the decrease of nutrients in the tree and the difficulty in forming flower buds. In this way, some branches can be retracted (blocked), stimulating the lower part to produce short branches, and the remaining branches are slowly released (released) to form flower buds. At the same time, for Fuji branches that have formed flower buds, they can be cut short to the flower buds during pruning to avoid peeling due to cutting short.
Go to both sides every Wednesday and leave branches in the middle.
On the middle branchlets outside the crown of Fuji apple trees, there are often crowded and competing trigeminal branches. Generally, the branches on both sides should be thinned, leaving one in the middle.
5. Lengthening bending scissors
Red Fuji apple branches have great growth potential. When pruning, the extension branches of the trunk at all levels can be bent and extended, that is, the extension branch angle decreases in the first year, increases in the second year, decreases in the third year, increases in the fourth year, and so on.
6 "four more and two longer" pruning shears
In order to prevent the red Fuji apple tree from growing too vigorously and affecting the results, the red Fuji often adopts "four more and two longer" pruning, in which four more refers to leaving more branches on the periphery, more branches on both sides, more auxiliary branches and more long branches; The two long branches are extended branches with long backbones, and the long branch group is the dominant branch.
7. Control the top and push the continuous shear downward.
Red Fuji tends to grow stronger at the top, weaker outside and weaker inside. Therefore, when pruning continuously every year, we should control the apex advantage of branches, timely sparse the upright branches at the top of the branch group, and promote the germination of the lower branches. We should drop our heads in time during the full fruit period, leaving fewer branches at the upper part of the crown and more branches at the lower part.
8 Slow down first, then cut it all.
Generally, the pruning method of slowly releasing first and then cutting short is adopted in the branch group culture of Red Fuji apple trees, that is, the annual moderate branches are slowly released into flowers and fruits, then cut short into branches, and then cultivated into fruiting branches, which are combined with expansion and contraction.
9 "three sets of branches" method branch combination scissors
The pruning method of "three sets of branches" is often used in red Fuji pruning, that is, one branch bears three branches, one branch bears fruit in the current year (output in the current year), one branch is put slowly (output in the second year) and one branch is cut short (output in the third year), so as to ensure that there are both bearing branches and developing branches on the tree.
10 results in the late stage of raising head shear
The growth of red Fuji is weak in the late stage of full fruit, so it is necessary to increase the branch angle, pay attention to renewal and moderate pruning.