In order to quickly attenuate the vibration of the frame and body and improve the ride comfort of the car, the suspension system of the car is generally equipped with shock absorbers. At present, double-acting cylindrical shock absorbers are widely used in automobiles.
Shock absorber is a vulnerable part in automobile use. The working condition of shock absorber will directly affect the driving stability of automobile and the service life of other parts. Therefore, we should always keep the shock absorber in good working condition. You can check whether the shock absorber works well in the following ways.
Stop after driving 10km on the road with bad road conditions, and touch the shock absorber housing with your hands. If it is not hot enough, it means that there is no resistance inside the shock absorber and the shock absorber does not work. At this point, appropriate lubricating oil can be added and then tested. If the shell is hot and the shock absorber is short of oil, add enough oil. Otherwise, the shock absorber is invalid; Press the bumper hard and release it. If the car jumps 2~3 times, the shock absorber works well. When the car is driving slowly and braking suddenly, if the car vibrates violently, it means that there is something wrong with the shock absorber. Remove the shock absorber and erect it, clamp the lower connecting ring with a vise, and press the shock absorber rod hard for several times. At this time, there should be stable resistance, and the resistance of pulling up is greater than the resistance of pressing down. If the resistance is unstable or there is no resistance, it may be that the shock absorber is short of oil or the valve element is damaged, so it should be repaired or replaced.
After determining the problem or fault of the shock absorber, first check the shock absorber for traces of oil leakage or old oil leakage. The oil seal gasket and gasket are damaged, and the nut of the oil storage cylinder cover is loose. Oil seal and gasket may be damaged and invalid, and new seals should be replaced. If the oil leakage still cannot be eliminated, pull out the shock absorber. If there are hairpins or different weights, further check whether the gap between the piston and the cylinder is too large, whether the piston connecting rod of the shock absorber is bent, and whether the surfaces of the piston connecting rod and the cylinder are scratched or strained.
If there is no oil leakage from the shock absorber, check whether the connecting pin, connecting rod, connecting hole, rubber and bushing are in good condition. Shock absorber is damaged, off-welded, cracked or dropped. If the above inspection is normal, the shock absorber should be further disassembled to check whether the fit clearance between the piston and the cylinder is too large, whether the cylinder is tight, whether the valve seal is in good condition, whether the valve disc is closely attached to the valve seat, and whether the tension spring of the shock absorber is too soft or broken. Grind or replace parts for repair according to the situation.
In addition, the shock absorber will produce noise in actual use, which is mainly caused by the collision between the shock absorber and leaf spring, frame or shaft, the damage or falling off of rubber pad, the deformation of dust-proof pipe of shock absorber, and the lack of oil. We should find out the reason and solve it.
After the shock absorber is overhauled, the working performance test should be carried out on a special test bench. When the resistance frequency is 100 1mm, the resistance of tension stroke and compression stroke should meet the requirements, indicating that the shock absorber is basically normal.
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