See table 1 for the classification of flowering and fruiting characteristics of fruit trees:
Cashew nuts, busy fruits, persimmons (hybrid), walnuts, hazelnuts, chestnuts, avocados, Siraitia grosvenorii, coconuts (dioecious), pistachios, gingko bayberry, papaya, torreya grandis, kiwifruit, Ayue (dioecious) cherry, sour cherry, almond, pineapple and annona (dioecious).
Table 1 Basic classification of fruiting habits
Classification according to flower bud type, flower bud and the place where flowers or inflorescences are planted on branches is the basic classification of fruit bearing habits.
Pure bud
① Flowers or inflorescences are terminal: such as bananas and pineapples. ② Flowers or inflorescences axillary: such as male inflorescences of peach, apricot, plum, plum, almond, sweet cherry, sour cherry, cherry, bayberry, kumquat, fig, papaya, jujube, coconut, hazelnut, walnut, hickory and hickory. Flowers or inflorescences are terminal axillary: for example, strawberries.
Mixed bud
1 terminal. One of them is the flower or inflorescence at the top of the new shoot, such as apple, pear, quince, sand fruit, loquat, litchi, longan, busy fruit, cashew nut, wampee, female flower of walnut, hickory and hickory. Another kind of flower or inflorescence is in the axil of the new branch after branch extraction, such as guava, ginkgo, olive and so on. ② axillary. One of them is gooseberry, gooseberry, hazelnut and female flower of Brazil nut and hickory. The other is the axils or nodes of new shoots of flowers or inflorescences, such as male flowers of mulberry, kiwi, raspberry, blackberry, avocado, cranberry, grape, fruit mulberry and torreya grandis. ③ Terminal and axillary. One of them is the flower or inflorescence at the top of the new branch after the branch is drawn, such as the female flower of satsuma, grapefruit, blueberry, walnut (less), hickory and hickory. The other is that the flowers or inflorescences are in the axils of new shoots after branches are drawn, such as persimmon, monarch, chestnut and olive (less). There are also flowers or inflorescences at the top of new branches and axils of leaves after branching, such as lemon, sweet orange, grapefruit, Wendan, mixed orange, hawthorn and pomegranate (see figure).
Economic life of fruit trees
The age when fruit trees begin to bear fruit, the full fruit period and the longest economic life are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Table 2 Factors affecting fruit-bearing habits of fruit trees
The fruiting habits of fruit trees are basically the same and stable in the same tree species, but there are different degrees of differences due to the following factors. ① Diversity. For example, most apples are terminal mixed flower buds, and many varieties such as Qin Guan, Zhu and Jiguan have axillary flower buds. Pear buds are mixed flower buds, and Cili is prone to pure flower buds. Most common walnuts need cross pollination, and some varieties have parthenogenetic ability; The propagation of late-fruiting walnut group starts late, which usually takes 5 ~ 6 years, while the early-fruiting walnut group can bear fruit within 1 ~ 2 years. ② rootstock. For example, apples grafted on dwarf rootstocks begin to bear fruit earlier than apples grafted on arbor rootstocks, with more axillary buds and shorter fruit branches. ③ Tree age. In the same variety, young trees generally bear more fruits in the middle and long branches, and with the increase of tree age, the short branches gradually bear more fruits. The proportion of axillary mixed buds of terminal mixed bud varieties increased. ④ Climatic conditions. Balinese pears in western pears usually need pollination and fertilization to bear fruit, and they can bear parthenocarpy in warm areas of South Africa and California. The hermaphroditic plants of papaya changed from low temperature to high temperature in spring and summer, and the flower pattern changed from female flowers to bisexual flowers and then to male flowers, and then bloomed in September, so the fruit was not as stable as that of female plants. ⑤ Management conditions. Citrus trees with good nutritional conditions have fewer pure flower buds, on the contrary, leafless fruit branches increase; Plastic pruning can affect the type of fruit branches, fruiting time, the ratio of top flower buds to axillary flower buds; Plant growth regulators can also affect parthenocarpy, such as gibberellin, which can make Rose Dew grape change from self-flowering to parthenocarpy.