Peach blossoms are the blooming flowers of peach trees of the Rosaceae family.

Peach blossom is native to central and northern China and is now widely grown in temperate countries and regions around the world.

Peach blossoms have high ornamental value and are a common material for literary creation.

Chinese scientific name: Peach Blossom

Latin scientific name: Prunus?persica

Kingdom: Plant Kingdom

Phylum: Angiosperms

Class: Dicotyledons

Order: Rosa

Family: Rosa

Genus: Prunus

Species: Peach

Distribution area: Temperate zone

Flower program

Peach blossom: *K5, C5, A∞, G1: 1

? Indicates that the peach blossom is a radially symmetrical flower with 5 separate sepals, 5 separate petals, numerous and indefinite stamens, one pistil with one carpel and one chamber, and the ovary is superior.

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Peach Blossom

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Peach Blossom

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Peach Blossom

Introduction: Peach blossom is native to central and northern China and has a long history of cultivation. Later, it gradually spread to surrounding areas in Asia and from Persia to the West. The Latin name of peach blossom, Persica, means Persia.

It is now grown in warm areas such as China, France, the Mediterranean, and Australia.

It likes sunshine, is cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant, and intolerant to water and moisture. It is best to choose a place with smooth air when planting.

The nutritional requirement is nitrogen fertilizer, and it is best to add some bone meal in autumn.

Now it is widely cultivated in various parts of China.

Common species

? 1. Small-flowered white betau: small white flowers, oval petals, fewer calyx flowers, mostly brown flower branches with green spots.

? 2. Large-flowered white betau: Large white flowers with round petals, and green flower branches densely covered with fine hairs.

? 3. Five-color Peach: Also known as the Golden Peach, most of the flowers are white or slightly red, with one or several branches in between. It is pink, and there is also one flower or one petal with white and red threads. Half and half pink.

Oblong petals, reddish-brown flower branches.

? 4. Thousand-petal pink: The flowers are pink, mostly with three rounds of petals and pink filaments.

Some flowers are slightly closer?

Peach blossom

Red, filaments are red, and flower branches are red.

?5. Red Beta Peach: Pink flowers, almost double, with reddish-brown flower branches.

?6. Jiangtao: The flowers are dark red, the calyx tube is purple-brown, deeply wrinkled and hairy.

Flowers and branches are green-brown.

7. Green peach: The petals are light green, obovate, and the flower branches are green with reddish brown spots. The flowering period is late, mostly blooming in mid-April.

? 8. Weeping green peach: The branches are drooping, the flowers are double, and the flower colors include deep red, sprinkled gold, light red, and pure white.

In addition, there are longevity peach, purple leaf peach, etc. The former has large white flowers, late flowering period, short tree shape and larger leaves; the latter is mainly characterized by purple leaves.

Morphological structure

Peach blossom

Peach blossom is a deciduous tree. The leaves are oval-lanceolate, with coarsely serrated edges and no Hairy, petiole length 1-1.5cm. High up to 6-10 meters.

The trunk is grey-brown, rough and porous.

Branchlets reddish brown or brownish green, smooth.

The flowers are solitary, with white, pink, red and other colors, double or semi-double, and the flowering period is March.

The drupe is nearly spherical, with a surface densely covered with short hairs. Depending on the variety, the fruit matures between June and September.

Mainly divided into two categories: fruit peaches and flower peaches.

Variants include deep red, crimson, pure white and red and white mixed colors, as well as double and double petals.

The more important varieties include: nectarine, Flat peach, longevity peach, green peach.

Among them, nectarines and flat peaches are both cultivated as fruit trees. Shouxing peaches and green peaches are mainly for ornamental use. Shouxing peaches can also be used as dwarfing stocks of peaches.

The tree is 4 to 5 meters tall.

Annual branches reddish brown.

The leaves are mostly lanceolate, with serrated edges, and nectaries are often present at the base of the petiole.

There are two types of flowers: rose type and bell type.

Except for flat peaches, stone fruits are mostly round or oblong. The fruit surface, except for nectarines, is covered with hairs.

The flesh is white, yellow, or flushed, and a few are red; the flesh is soft, crisp, hard, or dense and tough; the surface of the core has different groove patterns, which are important classification criteria for species and cultivar groups.

?Peach blossom is a traditional Chinese garden flower and tree. It has a beautiful tree shape, sparse branches, plump flowers and bright colors. It is an important flowering tree species in early spring.

?The peach fruit is a famous fruit; the peach core can be used to extract oil; its branches, leaves, fruits, and roots can be used as medicine; the peach wood is fine and hard and can be used for carving.

Ecological habits

?Peach likes light and requires good ventilation; it likes good drainage and is drought-tolerant; it is afraid of waterlogging. If it is flooded for 3 to 5 days, the leaves will fall off in mild cases and die in severe cases. .

It is more cold-tolerant and can generally survive the winter in the open field in East and North China.

?Peach blossoms should be planted in light loam soil, and the moisture should be kept at half moisture.

It is not intolerant to alkaline soil and does not like soil that is too sticky. It does not choose fertilizers. The rest of its ecological habits are roughly similar to plum blossoms.

However, the growth potential and branching power are stronger than plum blossoms, but they cannot last long and begin to decline from about 15 years old.

?Generally, the age of trees can last 20 to 50 years.

Peach trees enter flowers and fruits at an early age. Usually, flowers and fruits begin 1 to 3 years after grafted seedlings are planted, and flowers and fruits enter their peak period in 4 to 8 years.

Grows rapidly and can produce secondary shoots several times a year.

The root system is well developed, especially fibrous roots; it is easy to survive transplanting.

The flower buds have 1 to 2 flowers per node and are almost sessile. The flowers and leaves bloom at about the same time, and the leaves grow into full shape after the flowers.

?Most peach blossom varieties have long flowering branches as the main parts for flowering and fruiting, but a few varieties such as "Shou Xing Peach" mostly bear flowers and fruits on short and medium flowering branches.

Blooming occurs mostly in mid-to-late March in East and Central China, and the fruit matures from June to September.

?Insect-pollinated flowers, cross-pollination.

Propagation method

?Peach blossom propagation is mainly grafting, and cutting grafting or shield budding is often used.

Peach (a semi-cultivated type of peach) is mostly used as rootstock in East China, while mountain peach (P.?davidiana?Franch.) is used in the north. However, peach trees grafted with peach or mountain peach rootstocks are short-lived and prone to diseases and insect pests. There are many disadvantages; if apricot (P.?armeniaca?L.) is used as rootstock, although grafting is more laborious and the initial growth is slightly slower, it has a long life and fewer pests and diseases.

? Rootstock seeds can be sown in autumn; or the seeds can be layered with wet sand after autumn, and then taken out and sown in early spring of the following year.

When sowing, the row spacing is usually 40-50 cm, the plant-to-plant spacing is 10-20 cm, the trench is about 5 cm deep, and one seed is placed at each location.

When sowing in spring, if the buds have sprouted, cover the young buds with soil.

?Budding is usually carried out from July to August. It is better to use full-grown seedlings as rootstocks. Biennial rootstocks can also be used reluctantly.

The survival rate of bud grafting is very high, mostly above 95%; if it often fails to germinate that year, check it once in the spring. If the buds survive, the root buds will be removed to make the peach blossom scion sprout. If the buds do not survive, they can be replanted by cutting and propagating.

? Cutting and grafting are carried out in spring when the buds have begun to sprout. Select peach blossom branches that have grown substantially in spring and cut them into 6 to 7 cm long branches. They should have 2 buds (one node is acceptable). The length of the incision is 2 to 3 centimeters. It is better to use one- or two-year-old seedlings as rootstocks, but those that are too old are not suitable.

Cut off the top of the rootstock about 5 cm above the ground, and then cut it.

Immediately after grafting, soil must be cultivated to slightly cover the top of the scion.

The survival rate of grafting is generally 90% or higher.

Cultivation techniques

?Peach blossom transplanting and planting are mostly done in early spring or after the leaves fall in autumn and winter. They should be planted in a sunny place with sufficient drainage. Base fertilizer (human feces, compost) should be applied in the planting hole. , cake fertilizer, bone meal, etc.) to promote flower bud differentiation.

Young seedlings can be transplanted with bare roots; large seedlings and large trees, especially the more expensive varieties, are best transplanted with soil balls, or at least the roots are soaked in mud and then transplanted to ensure survival.

The main shape should be natural open-shaped. The pruning can be slightly heavier than that of plum blossoms. It can be thinned or shortened, and slender branches, cross branches and diseased and insect-infested branches in the crown should be pruned. It is usually done before flowering, but for potted plants, it can be postponed until after flowering.

? Generally, base fertilizer is applied once every winter, and top dressing is applied before flowering and around June to promote flowering and flower bud formation.

In addition, proper cultivating and weeding should be done at ordinary times.

The main diseases and insect pests include peach aphid, peach pink aphid, peach dustworm, pear heartworm, peach leaf shrinkage, peach brown rot, etc., which should be prevented and controlled in time.

Maintenance points

Peach blossoms

1. Water peach blossoms: Do not water them until they are dry. Water them in an appropriate amount to prevent water accumulation. Causes root rot.

?2. Fertilizing peach blossoms: Apply liquid fertilizer once or twice every year after flowering. No fertilization is required for the rest of the time.

?3. Peach blossom pruning: Peach blossoms are the axillary buds of annual plump peaches. They differentiate into flower buds in July and have the habit of blooming in the second spring. Therefore, attention should be paid to pruning. Young peaches mainly develop peach crowns. , prune in time after flowering, keep only two or three buds at the base of the branches that have bloomed, and cut off the rest.

In summer, top off overgrown branches to promote the formation of flower buds.

For plants that are not growing well, excessive pruning should be avoided, the strong should be restrained and the weak should be restrained, and the branches should be distributed evenly to create a beautiful plant shape.

?4. Peach blossom repotting: done every year at the spring equinox.

When changing pots, put some phosphate fertilizer at the bottom of the pot as base fertilizer, cut off the overly dense root system, and fill in new pot soil.

Prevention and treatment of diseases

? Peach blossom prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: Peach blossoms will produce leaf shrinkage disease, which can be controlled by spraying Bordeaux liquid on the trunk every half a month at the beginning of the disease.

Insect pests such as aphids, thorn moths, and beetles can be killed manually or sprayed with pesticides.

Peach blossoms are a good material for indoor vase planting during the Spring Festival. In order to ensure that they bloom during the Spring Festival, flowering treatment can be carried out.

Generally, after the leaves fall, the pot is moved to a cool place below 7℃. One to one and a half months before the Spring Festival, the pot is moved indoors. The temperature is first given to about 10℃, and then the room temperature is gradually raised to 20℃. In an environment of 25℃, it will bloom after fifteen to twenty-five days.

?Peach perforation disease, peach anthracnose, and peach gum disease are the three most common peach blossom diseases.

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Peach blossom

Peach perforation disease

? Mainly damages the leaves, but also damages the branches and fruits.

One type is perforation disease caused by bacteria, called bacterial perforation disease, and the other type is fungal perforation disease caused by fungi.

The warm and rainy season is conducive to the occurrence of peach bacterial perforation disease, which is a common disease of peach flowers.

Peach fungal perforation disease is prone to occur under warm and rainy conditions. Peach blossom plants with weak tree vigor, poor drainage, and poor ventilation and light transmission are susceptible to the disease.

Strengthening management, applying more base fertilizers, improving soil, enhancing tree vigor and improving disease resistance are the main methods to prevent and treat peach perforation disease.

At the same time, pay attention to cutting off diseased remains to reduce reinfection of pathogens.

Spray Baume 3-5° lime sulfur mixture before germination in early spring, which can control pests. During the growth period, spray 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 800-1000 times.

Bactericidal agents such as streptomycin, oxytetracycline, and Jinggangmycin can be used for bacterial perforation.

?Peach anthracnose

?Mainly damages fruits, leaves and shoots can also be affected.

Peach blossoms are more susceptible to the disease if it is cold and rainy when they are blooming.

Eliminating diseased shoots, dead branches and dead fruits and reducing the source of overwintering bacteria are the main control methods. You can also spray Baume 5° lime sulfur mixture before flowers.

After flowering, you can spray 50% Diphenide 600 times and 70% thiophanate methyl 800-1000 times.

?Peach gum disease

?Mainly harms branches, and is more serious to older plants.

Strengthening peach tree management, enhancing tree vigor, improving resistance, timely and effective control of tree trunk pests, and reducing unnecessary mechanical damage are the main methods of prevention and control. Appropriate pesticides can also be selected according to specific circumstances. , fungicides.

?Peach leaf shrinkage disease

?Mainly occurs in the low temperature and rainy season in early spring.

To eliminate overwintering pathogens, the main control method is to spray Baume 3-5° lime sulfur mixture, 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture, or 70% mancozeb 500 when the petals are red. times, spray 70% thiophanate methyl 1000 times.

Characteristics: Peach blossom is a deciduous tree. The leaves are oval-lanceolate, with coarsely serrated edges, hairless, and petioles 1-1.5CM long. The flowers are solitary, the first leaves open, almost sessile, mostly pink. Color, 5 petals, flowering period from March to April, fruit ripening from June to September, varieties include deep red, crimson, pure white and red and white mixed colors, as well as double and double petals.

Peach Blossom Food Recipes

For Peach Blossom Porridge, take 2 grams of peach blossoms (dried product), 100 grams of japonica rice, and 30 grams of brown sugar.

Place the peach blossoms in a casserole, soak in water for 30 minutes, add japonica rice, simmer the porridge over low heat, add brown sugar when the porridge is ready, and mix well.

Take 1 dose per day, once with breakfast while it is warm. Every 5 doses constitute a course of treatment. The next course of treatment can be taken after 5 days.

Suitable for people with symptoms of blood stasis (such as dark complexion, blood clots during menstruation, purple spots on tongue, long-term dry stool).

This porridge not only has beautifying effect, but also can activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis.

However, this porridge should not be taken for a long time, and should be suspended during menstruation. People with heavy menstruation should not take it.

It will be better if you use fresh peach petals.

4 grams of fresh food can be used daily.

? Peach Blossom and Pig’s Trotter Beauty Porridge: 1 gram of peach blossom (dry product), 1 pig’s trotter, and 100 grams of japonica rice.

Bake the peach blossoms, grind into fine powder and set aside.

Separate the skin, meat and bones of the pig's trotters, add water to an iron pot, bring to a boil over high heat, skim off the foam, simmer until the pig's trotters are thoroughly cooked, take out the bones, add japonica rice and minced peach blossoms, and continue to use Simmer the porridge over low heat. When the porridge is ready, add an appropriate amount of fine salt, monosodium glutamate, sesame oil, chopped green onion, and minced ginger. Mix well. Take one dose every other day and take it warmly in divided doses.

This formula has the effects of activating blood circulation and moisturizing the skin, replenishing qi and clearing the breasts, enlarging the muscles and beautifying the skin, removing blood stasis and regenerating blood. It is suitable for breastfeeding women with facial spots.

Taking this porridge after childbirth can not only clear the breasts, but also remove facial spots, moisturize the skin and replenish the body.

? Peach blossom whitening square peach blossoms (dry product) 60 grams, 75 grams of winter melon kernels, 45 grams of orange peel, *** grind into very fine powder, put in a porcelain bottle for later use, 1 gram each time, each 2 to 3 times a day, serve it with warm glutinous rice wine after meals.

This prescription has the effects of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, removing spots and whitening, and moisturizing and rejuvenating the skin. It can be used for those with darker faces or those with chloasma.

?Peach Blossom Pills: Take the first-blooming peach blossoms, dry them, grind them and sieve them, and refine the honey into pills. Take 6 grams in the morning and evening.

This pill is effective for those with dark complexions or acne, acne, and butterfly spots caused by liver qi stagnation and poor blood circulation; it can also be used to treat women's dysmenorrhea and migraines.

?For peach blossom tea, take 4 grams of peach blossoms (dried product), 5 grams of winter melon kernels, and 3 grams of poplar bark.

Peach blossoms are collected on the third day of the third lunar month every year, dried and preserved.

Put dried peach blossoms, winter melon kernels and poplar bark into a cup every day, brew with boiling water, cover, and drink after 10 minutes.

It can be brewed 3 to 4 times repeatedly and consumed as tea, one dose per day.

Suitable for people with facial dark spots, pregnancy pigmented spots, age spots, and people with darker skin in areas with strong sunlight.

Pregnant women and those with heavy menstruation should not take it.

?Peach Blossom Wine: Peach blossoms (collected on the third day of the third lunar month) and fine liquor in appropriate amounts.

Pour the peach blossoms into the wine jar, add the other white wine, and wait until the peach blossoms are immersed in the wine. Cover and seal. After soaking for 30 days, unseal. Decant out the medicinal wine and put it aside. Take 5 to 10 medicated wine each time. ml, drink once in the morning and once in the evening.

Put the peach petals back into the wine jar, add an appropriate amount of white wine and soak them for 45 days. As the second medicinal wine, take 10 to 20 ml each time, once in the morning and once in the evening.

Suitable for healthy young and middle-aged men and women. Drinking it can prevent diseases and improve beauty.

People with heavy menstruation should not take this product.

?For Peach Blossom and Angelica Angelica Wine, collect 300 grams of peach blossoms in their early buds and 40 grams of Angelica angelica in the bottle. Add 1000 ml of other white wine, seal it, and open it after one month for use.

Drink 1 cup of peach blossom and angelica wine every morning and evening. At the same time, pour a small amount of medicinal wine into the palms of your hands and rub your hands together. After the palms of your hands become warm, rub your face back and forth.

This method can remove dark spots on the face and treat dull complexion, dark spots and postpartum complexion. Generally, after 40 to 60 days of use, the spots will disappear and the complexion will become rosy and shiny.

The flower language and symbolic meaning of peach blossoms: it means to eliminate hatred

?The flowers are extremely colorful and are the best among ornamental peach blossoms.

Bitao is native to my country and has a cultivation history of at least 3,000 years in our country.

During the Han Dynasty, it spread to Persia and India, then to Europe, and finally to Japan.

The green peach tree has gray bark, a thick and strong trunk, and the height of the tree can reach 3-4 meters. It blooms from March to April every year. There are double flowers and single flowers. Most of them do not bear fruit. It is a famous ornamental flower with rich and colorful flowers.

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Related legends:

There is a kind of peach blossom in the Peach Blossom Spring. The petals bloom in layers and are blood red in color, just like peonies. The name is Biteach Blossom.

It is said that it was transformed into the blood of Chen Bi.

Chen Bi was bleeding but couldn't stop it.

After the last drop of blood was shed, he leaned his head against the peach tree and turned into the largest peach tree in the peach forest.