Only corneal transplantation
Lamellar keratoplasty: It is a partial thickness keratoplasty. During the operation, the diseased tissue in front of the cornea is removed, leaving the underlying tissue as a transplant bed. Transplant beds are usually very thin, even leaving only the posterior elastic layer and the inner cortex. Therefore, lamellar keratoplasty is feasible for those whose corneal lesions do not invade the deep or posterior elastic layer of corneal stroma, but whose endothelial physiological function is healthy or recoverable. Clinically, it is often used for superficial corneal macula or corneal dystrophy, progressive keratitis or ulcer, corneal fistula's disease, corneal tumor, and some eyeballs with poor conditions that cannot be transplanted with penetrating cornea. In order to improve the corneal condition, lamellar transplantation should be performed first.
Penetrating keratoplasty: a method of replacing full-thickness turbid cornea with full-thickness transparent cornea. According to the surgical purpose, the indications can be divided into optics, therapy, plastic surgery and beauty. The common indications of optical corneal transplantation are keratoconus, corneal scar caused by various reasons, corneal malnutrition caused by various reasons and corneal endothelial cell failure. The indications of therapeutic corneal transplantation include suppurative corneal ulcer, ocular chemical injury, silkworm corneal ulcer, corneal limbal degeneration, corneoscleral necrosis caused by Wegener granuloma, recurrent pterygium, keratodermoid swelling, keratoconjunctival squamous cell carcinoma and so on.
Artificial corneal transplantation is a special optical device made of transparent medical polymer materials, which can replace part of corneal scar tissue and restore vision through surgery. Because the rejection of corneal tissue to synthetic materials has not been finally solved, the long-term effect is not good, which often leads to aqueous humor leakage and graft shedding, so it can not be widely used at present. At present, artificial cornea is only suitable for patients who are blind after suffering from various serious corneal diseases, especially those who suffer from total corneal leukoplakia caused by severe chemical burns, and have failed corneal transplantation many times and cannot do other operations.