Peach trees have different pruning methods in different periods:
Pruning of peach trees is mainly divided into two ways: pruning in growth period (summer pruning) and pruning in dormancy period (winter pruning)!
_ Dormancy pruning (winter pruning): generally, pruning is carried out after defoliation in autumn and before germination in early spring of the following year. The purpose of pruning in winter is to adjust, cultivate backbone branches and fruiting branches, and update fruiting branches. The main pruning methods are: short cutting, thinning, long laying, shrinking cutting, pressing branches, pulling branches and so on.
Short cut: refers to cutting off a part of an annual branch. It can promote the growth of branches, stimulate the germination of lateral buds under nodes, and is beneficial to crown expansion. Generally used for the extension of trunk branches. According to the degree of stubble, the reaction of lateral branch germination is different.
Thinning refers to completely removing branches from the base. Thinning can improve the ventilation and lighting conditions of trees. Thinning will reduce the total growth of the tree and weaken the whole tree to a certain extent, but it will promote some parts very well, such as the lower branches of thinning. The purpose of thinning is to adjust the number of bearing branches, so we must pay attention to the degree of thinning. Excessive thinning will lead to the imbalance of root-shoot ratio of peach trees and affect their growth.
Long-term release: Long-term release, also known as "throwing", means not cutting off annual branches. After the growth potential of branches is weakened in the following year, it is beneficial to relax the tree potential. It is a completely different pruning method from the traditional pruning method of peach trees.
Shrinking shear: Also called "shrinking shear", it refers to subtracting a part from 2-3-year-old paper money, which has a certain promotion effect on the growth of peach trees.
Pruning in growing season (summer pruning): just the opposite of pruning in winter, it refers to pruning after germination in spring and before defoliation. The main pruning methods are: wiping bud, removing core, twisting tip and cutting tip.
Bud wiping: refers to wiping off the useless buds on the tree after it has germinated. Such as a bud sprouting on a rootstock.
Nucleation: refers to the removal of the tender branch at the top of the growing branch. The function of coring is to change the nutrient distribution of trees. Because the growing point is removed, the branches after core removal will stop growing, which is beneficial to enrich branches, relieve branch potential and promote the formation of flower buds in secondary branches.
Twisting: when the base of a leafy upright shoot begins to lignify, it is twisted by hand at a distance of 10~ 15 cm from the base, so that the xylem and phloem are twisted at the same time without breaking, the original branching direction is changed, and the transportation of nutrients is controlled, so as to achieve the purpose of making it grow into fruiting branches.
Pruning techniques of peach trees in different periods;
Young trees and early fruit trees: the purpose of pruning is generally to enlarge and reshape the crown, so it is generally light pruning, and the growth branches of the backbone branches are adjusted by removing the strong and leaving the weak, thus cultivating a full crown.
Full fruit period: it mainly regulates the relationship between reproductive growth and vegetative growth. At this time, pruning should aim at ensuring fruit yield and prolonging the full fruit period. The latest pruning method of peach trees