The traditional surgical method is to cut the pectoralis major muscle in the chest, remove the depressed costal cartilage, and preserve the perichondrium for cartilage regeneration. At the same time, the depressed sternum is raised to flatten the depressed chest wall. Childhood (3-5 years old) is the best period for operation, because the costal cartilage has not been ossified, and there will be fewer postoperative complications. Adults have also achieved good results through clinical observation. Partial recurrence after open surgery can still be treated by minimally invasive surgery, which is the latest treatment method in our department-minimally invasive surgery, developed by Dr. Donald Nuss of King's Daughter Children's Hospital in Virginia, USA, and has replaced traditional surgery. This minimally invasive surgery is to implant a special metal plate (chest strip) under the guidance of thoracoscope and push it out of the sternum depression to correct it. The inward deformed costal cartilage is also pushed out by metal plate, but the ribs and pectoralis major are not cut. This metal plate needs to stay in the body for at least 2 to 5 years before it can be taken out. This operation has more than 7 years of experience in the United States and has achieved remarkable results. Traditional chest wall malformation surgery has great damage to muscles and cartilage because of the great trauma; And the operation takes four to six hours, and there is a lot of bleeding. As for the minimally invasive surgery used now, the operation time is only one or two hours, with less trauma, less bleeding, intact muscles and cartilage, and greatly shortened hospitalization days. In addition to improving cardiopulmonary function, it can also correct the position of sternum and ribs, and also take into account the problem of beautiful appearance, which is particularly important for girls. Director Liu Jifu is the first famous expert who applied this method to adult pectus excavatum in China, and achieved good therapeutic effect after operation. At present, the center has become the clinical treatment center with the largest number of cases and the best treatment effect in the world.

The surgical correction of funnel chest has gone through more than half a century. The main principle is to lift the depressed sternum and costal cartilage. The initial method is sternal inversion, which can improve sternal inversion while preserving blood vessels and muscle pedicles. The operation needs to cut off or cut off the deformed costal cartilage and sternum, and then suture it again. This kind of operation is complicated, traumatic, hard on patients, and has high postoperative complications and recurrence rate, which is increasingly unacceptable to patients and doctors. Compared with sternal inversion, Ravitch operation simplifies the operation. The operation needs to remove the deformed costal cartilage, and the sternum only needs to be obliquely cut. Because the operation time is shorter, the postoperative complications are lower and the recurrence rate is lower. Minimally invasive surgery developed in recent years, namely Nuss method. This surgical method has the advantages of light trauma, quick postoperative recovery, early postoperative ambulation, few postoperative complications, high satisfaction rate of deformity correction and low recurrence rate. It has also achieved good results for adults. It is a method worth adopting and popularizing. China Funnel Chest Treatment Center, Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Beijing Military Region, has the most cases of correction of funnel chest for adults and children, and has accumulated rich experience. 5. Rehabilitation after funnel operation is a problem worthy of attention; Without rehabilitation training after pectus excavatum correction, it will only get twice the result with half the effort. It is very important to encourage patients to actively adhere to postoperative rehabilitation training, especially adults. China funnel chest treatment center of thoracic surgery department of Beijing Military Region General Hospital explored a set of rehabilitation training methods, which significantly improved the satisfactory rate of thoracic appearance.