Loquat is a unique subtropical evergreen fruit tree in southern China. Evergreen all the year round, blooming in autumn and winter. The flowering period is extremely long, lasting 2-3 months and bearing fruit in early summer. Loquat flowers can resist the low temperature of minus 4℃, young fruits can resist the low temperature of minus 5℃, seedlings can resist the low temperature of minus 7℃, and adult trees can resist the low temperature of minus 18℃. Cold tolerance is one of its main advantages.
Loquat is easy to cultivate and simple to manage. It can be planted in mountains, plains and beaches, and can also bear fruit normally in sandy or clayey soil. At the same time, the requirement for soil pH value is not high, and it can grow and bear fruit normally in areas with pH value of 4.5-8.5. Loquat is not strict with light, and belongs to a light-loving and shade-tolerant tree with very regular branches.
Even without pruning, it can form a standardized tree shape, which is unique in fruit trees. Loquat has fewer pests and diseases, and its dosage and use times are much less than those of citrus and other fruit trees, which is especially suitable for farmers with low technical level. Loquat also has the characteristics of fast growth and early fruiting. Grafted seedlings can bear fruit in the second year after planting, and the plant yield can reach 5 kg every three years. After five years, it entered the high-yield period, with a yield of 50 kg per plant and a high-yield plant 100-200 kg.
Here are two new loquat varieties:
1, big five-star loquat. The big five-star loquat has the following characteristics: the fruit is very large and the commodity is good. The average fruit weight is 8 1g, and the maximum fruit weight is 194g. It is the largest loquat variety in China at present, and its single fruit weight obviously exceeds that of famous loquat varieties such as Jiefangzhong and Luoyang Qing. The tree has moderate potential, good early fruiting performance and high yield. Generally, it blooms and bears fruit in the second year, two years ahead of the Liberation Bell. Under normal management, there is almost no difference between big and small years.
1 1 1 or 222 strains with an annual output of 2,000 kg to 5,000 kg; Dawuxing loquat has rich flavor, high sugar content and excellent quality. Overcomes the shortcoming that Jiefang Bell tastes sour; Early maturity, mature in early May. At this time, it is the off-season of fruit, which fills the gap of fruit; The fruit has high hardness, strong peel toughness and resistance to conventional transportation. It can be stored at room temperature for more than 10 days, and it can be stored in cold storage for two months.
2. Longquan No.1 loquat. The loquat tree Longquan 1 is robust, with extra-large fruit, with an average single fruit weight of 76 grams and a maximum fruit weight of 186.9 grams. Golden color, smooth and spotless, beautiful appearance, sweet taste, extensive management resistance, extremely high yield, 20-30% higher than that of Dawuxing.
The mature period is about 10 days later than that of Dawuxing, but it has strong continuous fruiting ability, no obvious age, strong cold resistance and wide adaptability, and its low temperature tolerance is about 1℃ higher than that of Dawuxing. Strong disease resistance and high resistance to purple spot.