The biggest possibility that loquat will not bloom is the problem of variety and soil. Seedlings have atavism, so it is difficult to blossom and bear fruit normally in areas outside the origin, and it is necessary to graft high-quality varieties for improvement. The lack of some trace elements in the soil is also one of the reasons for not flowering for a long time. It is necessary to carry out more topdressing outside the roots to prevent and control pests and diseases.
In addition, loquat is a cross-pollinated plant, and the male and female flowers are separated. Only after pollination will the pollen of male flowers stick to the stigma of female flowers, and the pollen will bear fruit after fertilization. Usually, insects will pollinate, but if there is no insect pollination, it must be artificially pollinated to make it bear fruit.
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Question 2: How many years does loquat tree bear loquat?
Grafting technology, rootstock seedling cultivation us 1, as a seedbed. It is necessary to choose a shady nursery with loose soil, rich organic matter, medium fertility, fertilizer and good water retention. Two weeks before sowing (mid-May), it is suitable to apply proper amount of decomposed compost, manure, manure or 50 kg fertilizer, and apply it as base fertilizer per mu. Then turn over the soil, ridging, leveling and harrowing, with a width of 1.2m and a furrow of 30cm. Before using carbofuran, the underground pests in the soil should be killed. Page two, sowing. Loquat seeds have no dormancy period, so they should be screened before sowing. Loquat seeds, excluding loquat seeds, are small in size and abnormal in development. Select whole loquat kernel slices to dry, wash and sow. Sow from the end of May to the beginning of June. There are two methods: sowing or drilling (commonly used drilling). Borehole spacing is 20-25cm, and plant spacing is10-12cm. According to the degree of seed germination, sow 1-3 seeds per hole. When the seeds are buried in half, you can see them by spreading a thin layer of fine dust. If the sowing is too deep, it will be difficult to dig, mildew will occur, and the roots will not be too shallow. Sowing seedbeds, covering the soil surface or the moisturizing material of fresh grass pigsty with straw thinly to keep the soil surface from hardening, is beneficial to watering with clear water immediately after emergence. Page 3, post-broadcast management. After the seedlings are unearthed, the seedbed should keep a certain humidity, and it should not be too wet before the orchard is covered. Loquat seedlings like shade, and it is easy to burn their leaves in the case of strong sunshine. Therefore, before the emergence of seedlings after sowing, we must establish a shading stage with a shading net with a height of 50-60 cm. Timely thinning seedlings for weak seedlings, over-dense seedlings and diseased seedlings, and keep seedlings according to the size of seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 3-4 real leaves, apply human manure or chemical fertilizer thinly once and water once every six months to remove weeds in time. When the height reaches 20 cm, remove the top 1-2 leaves to promote the thickening of the lower end of the valve stem, and at the same time do a good job in pest control. The sunshade net was removed at the beginning of September and the end of August. The first two spring seedlings with a diameter of more than 0.6 cm can be grafted, and the next one can not meet the management standard of portable retraining.
Two-seedling grafting
1, select the scion. Results Branches with rich varieties of spring shoots or summer shoots can be selected from the original fruiting trees or well-growing young trees without using branches or long branches as scions. Cut off the scion immediately after picking leaves and wrap it with plastic film to prevent evaporation and water loss, which will affect the survival rate. Try to use it as needed. If you stay away from scions, fallen leaves, damp and sandstone reservoirs. Page 2, grafting time and method. The best grafting time of loquat seedlings is from mid-March to early April when the juice begins to flow. Cut connections are usually used. The method is to cultivate the rootstock incision 8- 10 cm from the ground, and choose the straight edge of the scion for surfacing welding so long. First tilt the back of the knife at an angle of 45 degrees, and then turn it over to remove the phloem, which has a slight xylem with a surface of about 2 cm. Need surfacing welding smooth, lint-free. 1-2 buds Leave 0.5 cm buds on each scion and cut horizontally. Then choose a conical knife with smooth bark side and between phloem, and then cut it into 2 cm incision with xylem to cut the wood slightly. Then surfacing welding is carried out, and the rootstock is inserted into the long cut of the rootstock scion, and the scion and the rootstock form a layered alignment mode. Because the roughness of rootstock and scion is different, they should be inserted on one side, so one side forms a layered arrangement. Finally, the rootstock and the plastic film are tightly tied to the first scion, and then sealed together to prevent the interface between the scion and the rootstock from being dried and soaked by rain. When topdressing, attention should be paid to prevent the formation of layer alignment deviation.
Third, management.
After grafting, except germination. Grafting is beneficial to the growth of grafted seedlings after removing rootstocks in time, extracting new buds and reducing nutrient consumption. Page two, fertilization. Grafting will be carried out after basic survival, fertilization will be applied immediately 40-50 days after new buds germinate, and then 1 thin fertilizer will be applied frequently every month, weeding will be carried out, and careful management will be carried out, paying attention to high temperature and drought in summer. Page 3, Pest Control. For pests such as yellow caterpillar and leaf spot, dichlorvos, pyrethroids, carbendazim and collapsed Ganning drug storehouse can be controlled timely and accurately.
4. Thanks for the video. Grafting and film removal in mid-September. If the film is not released for a long time, it will affect the transportation and normal growth of nutrients.
Question 3: How many years does loquat bear fruit? Loquat is a small evergreen tree in Rosaceae. The leaves are thick, rectangular and serrated. It blooms in September and 10 every year, with light yellow and white color and fragrance. The fruit ripens in May and June of the following year. Loquat trees are green all year round, gray in autumn and winter and bright yellow in spring and summer, so they are also ornamental trees. Loquat is mainly planted and propagated, and can also be grafted. Seeds can be sown after they are collected in June. Grafting is generally based on cutting, which can be carried out in mid-March or April-May. Rootstocks can be loquat seedlings and heather. Colonization can be carried out from late March to early April before germination, or from May to June or 10. Planting seedlings needs to bring more fibrous roots and soil to facilitate survival. It is best to plant it in the south where there is little wind. Grafted seedlings can bear fruit after two years, usually starting in the third year of sowing and reproduction, and entering the full fruit stage in 8 ~ 10 years. Loquat is easy to cultivate and simple to manage. It can be planted in mountains, plains and beaches, and can also bear fruit normally in sandy or clayey soil. At the same time, there is no strict requirement for soil pH value, and it can grow and bear fruit normally in areas with pH value of 4.5-8.5. Loquat is a shade-tolerant tree with neat branches and is unique among fruit trees. Loquat has fewer pests and diseases, and its dosage and frequency are much less than those of citrus and other fruit trees. Especially suitable for farmers with low technical level. Loquat also has the characteristics of fast growth and early fruiting. Grafted seedlings can try to blossom and bear fruit in the second year after planting, and the plant yield can reach 5 kg every three years, and enter the high-yield period after the year.
Question 4: How many years does it take for loquat seedlings to blossom and bear fruit? Loquat seeds will be propagated, and it will take 3 years to put into production after planting. Grafting is faster, and the current technology can reach 1 year and a half, or even 1 year.
Question 5: How many years does it take for the seedlings to bear fruit, or is it better to graft? Of course, grafting pests are few.
Question 6: When will loquat trees be grafted? The suitable grafting time of loquat is from February to April in spring and sunny in September in autumn-165438+ 10.
Collection of scions
Select high-quality and high-yield mother trees that bear fruit for more than three years, and cut lignified spring shoots at the periphery or middle and upper part of their crowns as scions for grafting. First, put it in clean water and wash it with laundry to remove the fluff from the scion. After drying the water, you can cut the buds and graft them. It is best to use them now.
method of grafting
Split method. In early spring, this method should be used for grafting rootstocks with a diameter less than 3 cm. The length of the anvil split is 3-5cm. The "wedge head" cut at the scion insertion part is 2-3 cm long, and it is required to be straight and smooth, and the lengths of the two inclined planes are the same or slightly different. When inserting, the cortex on one side of the scion should be aligned with the cortex on the anvil; The insertion depth of the scion is based on the alignment of the knife edge and the incision of the anvil, and the scion should have 2-3 buds. After the connection, the binding should be tight, which can be wrapped with plastic tape first and then tied with string; Or after the main parts are fixed, wax is applied.
Skin grafting. There are two methods: cutting grafting and single bud grafting.
Among them, the cutting method of grafting "wedge head" is the same as the splitting method, except that the "wedge head" is short and steep, with a long inclined plane of about 2 cm and a short inclined plane of 1 cm. The longer inclined plane faces the xylem of the anvil when inserting. The cutting method of single bud insertion is: cutting obliquely upward at the position of 1 cm below the bud, cutting to the upper part of the bud together with the xylem, and then cutting the single bud across the upper part of the bud with a 1 knife. The common way of grafting rootstock opening is T-shaped opening. There is also a "one-point-one-horizontal" opening method for cutting blanks, and a method of directly cutting 1 knife openings at the cutting end of the anvil. Binding after splicing is the same as splitting, and single bud grafting should expose bud eyes.
Skin grafting in summer. In summer, the cutting method of skin grafting bud is the same as that of single bud grafting bud. After cutting off the buds, the buds and xylem should be removed. When uncovering buds, we should prevent "core pulling". The opening of the grafted rootstock is H-shaped and T-shaped. When grafting, we should pay attention to ensure that the combination of bud and rootstock is flat and tight to prevent bud from curling. The binding method is the same as single bud insertion. In addition, skin grafting and whistle skin grafting can be used in summer.
Nursing care of incision. According to the order of grafting, the cuttings of rootstock and the cuttings at the upper end of grafting should be covered with plastic tape or waxed. In case of drought, lime water can be used to whitewash the trunk and branches to protect the moisture of trees and improve the success rate of grafting improvement.
Question 7: Do loquat trees have to be grafted to bear fruit? No, 30 is not. All seedlings can bear fruit, but the quality of grafted fruit is good, and the quality of ungrafted loquat is unstable.
Moreover, the grafted fruit trees bear fruit earlier than the seedlings.
Question 8: How long does the grafted loquat tree live? If your loquat tree is not good, you can graft it. Choose a good variety of branches as scions. When grafting, you should move quickly, cut the rootstock and scion in strict accordance with the technology, and the joint surface should be smooth, so that the cambium of rootstock and scion can be closely connected, and the binding should be moderately tight and untied in time. I hope my answer can also solve your problem.
Question 9: When will the two-year-old loquat seedlings bought online bear fruit? The seeds are propagated in 5 minutes and put into production 3 years after planting. Grafting is faster, and the current technology can reach 1 year and a half, or even 1 year.
Question 10: How many years after grafting loquat tree, it begins to bear fruit, and about 15 enters the full fruit stage, and the yield decreases after 40 years?