Causes of exophthalmos:
The main cause of simple exophthalmos is sympathetic nerve excitation, and the tension of extraocular muscle and levator palpebrae superioris muscle is increased by the action of thyroid hormone. In addition to the above reasons, the orbital soft tissue swells and proliferates, and the eye muscles are obviously diseased, which makes the eyeball protrude and the activity is limited. Patients often have intraocular foreign body sensation, eye pain, photophobia, tears, diplopia, strabismus, decreased vision and decreased vision. In severe cases, eyeball fixation, corneal ulcer or panophthalmia may occur, and even blindness may occur. Here, I recommend active ligand introduction repair therapy, which can treat hyperthyroidism noninvasive.
What is the cause of hyperthyroidism eye disease?
What is the cause of hyperthyroidism eye disease? Hyperthyroid ophthalmia will be seriously injured when it is serious. Before the treatment of hyperthyroidism ophthalmia, patients must understand the etiology of hyperthyroidism ophthalmia in order to treat it effectively. So, what causes hyperthyroidism ophthalmia?
What is the cause of hyperthyroidism eye disease? The common causes of hyperthyroidism ophthalmia are as follows. I hope you can treat hyperthyroidism ophthalmia in time and control the disease as soon as possible after you understand it:
1, the genetic factor human cytocompatibility antigen (HLA) is closely related to exophthalmos, and the positive of HLABgDR3 locus in hyperthyroidism patients with exophthalmos is significantly higher than that in hyperthyroidism patients without exophthalmos.
2. The study of immune T cells of extraocular muscle cells in patients with exophthalmos found that these T cells have the ability to recognize extraocular muscle antigens, which can stimulate the proliferation of T cells and produce migration inhibitory factors. Many patients have antibodies and rely on cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). More than half of patients with exophthalmos have low NK activity, so the production of autoantibodies is hyperactive.
3. The role of retrobulbar fibroblasts Immunohistochemical staining showed that there was IGF-I in extraocular muscles, adipocytes and inflammatory infiltrating cells, while IGF-I and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) could stimulate fibroblasts, so the onset of exophthalmos was related to this.
4. Animal model of autoimmune cell culture in vitro. Some data show that there are organ-specific antigens in eye tissues, which belong to independent organ-specific autoimmune diseases. 64KDa protein of extraocular muscle and its specific antibody were detected in the blood of patients with endocrine invasive exophthalmos. It is speculated that exophthalmos may be related to this protein.
What is the cause of hyperthyroidism eye disease? From the above introduction, you should have understood that there are many diseases caused by hyperthyroidism, besides the ocular process of hyperthyroidism, it may also cause other complications, and the symptoms of ocular process are very serious. Therefore, I hope that patients can choose a professional hospital to treat hyperthyroidism as soon as possible and recover as soon as possible.
Local treatment of ocular process in hyperthyroidism
(1) Pay attention to eye hygiene and take a proper rest. Watch less TV, computers, etc. , and try to reduce eye fatigue.
(2) Symptomatic treatment: use eye drops containing hormones (dexamethasone or prednisone); Eye fatigue can be relieved by eye drops such as Avidor and Runerle. If there are complications such as conjunctivitis and keratitis, you can use anti-inflammatory drugs to drop your eyes. Jane Zuo Wu, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangmen Central Hospital.
(3) Local hormone injection: Some patients with severe exophthalmos can consider retrobulbar hormone injection, and consult an ophthalmologist for details.
(4) Acupuncture therapy: It is reported that local acupuncture therapy can reduce the degree of exophthalmos.
Systematic treatment of ocular process in hyperthyroidism
(1) Thyroid hormone: Thyroid hormone can inhibit retrobulbar edema, which may have a certain inhibitory effect on hyperthyroidism exophthalmos.
(2) Dexamethasone: Oral and intravenous hormone infusion may improve the patient's immune hyperfunction and play a role in inhibiting exophthalmos.
(3) Immunosuppressant: Immunosuppressant can effectively improve the patient's immune function, and some scholars have used it to treat malignant exophthalmos.
(4) Cloud Therapy: Radionuclide? Yunk？ At present, the treatment of hyperthyroidism exophthalmos is also used, and it can be tried if necessary. Advantages: no toxic or side effects.
(5) Plasma exchange: less used.
(6) Radiotherapy: Retrobulbar radiation may improve symptoms.
(7) Surgical treatment: If exophthalmos is serious and affects vision, surgical enucleation and other treatments can be performed.