(1) Variety: Choose varieties that are resistant to diseases, avoid light, adapt to the soil, pollinate with white flowers and taste good fresh. For example, Kyoho, Red Fuji, Black Olin, New Rose (also known as White Faust), Rose Fragrant, Kangbaier, Longan and Pink Grape are all varieties suitable for garden planting.
(2) Cultivation soil: Grape is a deep-rooted plant, so it should not be too wet or waterlogged. Therefore, if the root system of grapes is hindered by cohesive soil or stagnant water, it will lead to poor growth. Generally speaking, grapes prefer sandy loam or sandy soil with small gravel. This kind of soil has strong thermal conductivity and rich mineral nutrition, which is most beneficial to the development of grape root system.
(3) Water and fertilizer: every year, in late autumn, early winter or early spring, furrow is dug and organic fertilizer is deeply applied in the root zone to improve the physical structure of the soil and enhance the activity of the root system to absorb inorganic elements. In the growing season, topdressing should be applied before germination, before flowering, at the young fruit stage, at the ripe fruit stage and at the late fruit picking stage, with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as the main fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer as the supplement, and a very small amount of boric acid, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate. Lime should be added to acid soil to increase calcium. If we can pay attention to scientific fertilization and watering, we will certainly get ideal cultivation results.
(4) Pruning and shaping: There are two common ways of shaping and pruning in the courtyard: multi-main rattan without trunk and multi-main rattan with trunk. The former plants emit 3 ~ 5 main vines from the ground, and some reach 6 ~ 10 main vines. The first, second and third lateral vines are further separated from the main vine and extend on the scaffold in a fan shape. The advantage of this plant shape is that it is suitable for tall scaffolding in the courtyard and for vigorous varieties. Because of the large crown skeleton, many grades and long nutrient transportation distance of multi-main vines without trunk, the main vines themselves consume a lot of nutrients, and large fat water is needed to ensure rapid molding and multi-fruit. The trunk of multi-main rattan belt refers to a section of trunk higher than the ground 1 m. A plurality of main vines are planted on the trunk, and the first, second and third lateral vines are separated from the main vines. This branching method can improve ventilation and light transmission conditions and reduce the occurrence of diseases, and is suitable for the area south of the Yellow River. Although it is also used in the courtyard in the north, it is not convenient to bury the ground under the shelf to keep out the cold.