However, several chronologies proposed by this project are worth reference: The Chronology of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties stipulates that the Xia Dynasty began around 2070 BC, and the boundary between Xia and Shang Dynasties was around 1600 BC (some scholars listed a more specific chronology before 1556, but it is still controversial); Pan Geng moved the capital about 1300 years ago, and the boundary between Shang and Zhou dynasties (the year of cutting Zhou) was set at 1046 years ago.
According to documents, the Shang Dynasty moved its capital five times. Chronology of Bamboo Slips records that Bo moved to Xiao, He moved to Xiao, Zu Ti moved to Pi, Nan moved to Yan by Pi, and Pan Geng moved to Yan, which is called Yin. So far, archaeologists have only discovered four Du Yi sites, namely Erlitou, Zhengzhou Mall, Yanshi Mall and Anyang Yin Ruins. However, there are still different views on the relationship between these capitals and the names recorded in the literature. Only Yin Ruins in Anyang is the capital of Wang Shi after Pan Geng, and their views are quite consistent.
From Sumer to Halaba to Sanxingdui and then to Yin, one of the most prominent features is that bronze civilization is very developed. It is hard to say that this bronze civilization was created by different people alone. At that time, only a few nobles had knowledge of writing and civilization. Sanxingdui bronzes obviously have the characteristics of Central Asia, and there are many similarities between Yinxu bronzes and Sanxingdui bronzes. And these civilizations are related before and after. Sumerian civilization ended in the first 2300 years, and Halaba civilization began in the first 2300 years and ended in the first 1700 years. Sanxingdui civilization began 1700 years ago, and the end time is unknown. Pan Geng moved to Yin before 1300. According to documents, Pan Geng wanted to move the capital, but was opposed by the nobles. Finally, Pan Geng crossed the Yellow River and moved to Yin. What's the point of just walking around a palm-sized place in the Central Plains? What's the purpose? Will the nobles be so opposed?
Then once again, it is bold to guess that Sanxingdui civilization is actually the early stage of Shang Dynasty and the late stage of Yin Dynasty. Pan Geng "chose to move to northern Mongolia, named Yin". The main reason is that the "elections" and "frequent floods" in the capital also conform to the characteristics of Sanxingdui civilization. Elections may be flooded together, which means Sanxingdui is often flooded. And it must be the south of "North Mongolia". Another evidence is that the Xia-Shang-Zhou Project was launched in the Shang Dynasty about 1 600 years ago, but the earliest archaeological site in the Shang Dynasty was only 1 400 years ago. So where is the history of Shang Dynasty before this? If Sanxingdui is regarded as the previous stage of business, this problem will be solved.
The five moves of the Shang capital should refer to the two river basins moved from Sumer->; To Halaba in the Indus Valley->; Sanxingdui in the upper reaches of the Yangtze river-> Yin in the Yellow River basin. There seems to be a link missing here. Guess there was another capital in Sumerian times? In ancient Egypt, in Greece? It is possible to find out which area has developed bronze civilization.