1, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
After pregnancy, my body itched badly. The doctor diagnosed cholestasis and prescribed medicine. The pregnant mother refused to take this medicine because she was worried that it was harmful to the fetus. After a period of strong support, I suddenly had abdominal pain and had to have an emergency cesarean section to take out the fetus. Surgeons were shocked: the amniotic fluid, placenta and membranes of pregnant mothers were all dyed dark green.
At the 28th week of pregnancy, 26-year-old Ms. Cheng suddenly began to itch, especially around her navel. When I went to the hospital for examination, my blood bile acid increased obviously. The doctor diagnosed intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and suggested medication. Worried about the influence of medicine on the baby in the womb, I dare not take medicine when I get home. After a week, I went to the hospital for reexamination, and the index continued to increase.
After 34 weeks of strong support, Ms. Cheng suddenly had paroxysmal abdominal pain, and her family quickly sent her to the obstetrics and gynecology department of the First Hospital of the city. It was found that the bile acid in her blood was more than 10 times higher than the normal value, and she could die in the uterus at any time. The doctor had an emergency caesarean section, and when he opened his stomach, it was all dyed dark green. Fortunately, the operation was timely and the baby was not greatly affected.
Zhou Haiyan, the chief physician of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Hospital of the City, said with a lingering fear that it is very dangerous to refuse to use drugs like Ms. Cheng. She explained that intrahepatic cholestasis is very dangerous and can easily lead to fetal death in the abdomen. Once found, it must be treated immediately. Pregnant mothers with mild symptoms can give birth naturally after drug treatment, and pregnant mothers with severe symptoms suggest cesarean section for 34-37 weeks to avoid hypoxia and amniotic fluid fecal contamination.
Zhou Haiyan reminded that many pregnant mothers in the outpatient clinic insisted on not using drugs after getting sick, fearing that it would have an impact on the fetus. You know, doctors are often very cautious when giving drugs to pregnant mothers, and they will weigh the pros and cons before taking drugs. There is no need to worry too much.
2. What medicine can't be used during pregnancy?
First of all, antibiotics are the most common, including chloramphenicol, tetracycline, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, neomycin, griseofulvin, nystatin, clotrimazole, polymyxin E, polymyxin B, vancomycin, sulfonamides, rifampicin and remifentanil. Taking tetracycline as an example, conventional dosage can cause fetal teeth, bone tunnel dysplasia, enamel defect, gray teeth, brown teeth or yellow teeth, short limb deformity, congenital cataract and so on. And high doses can also induce fatal liver steatosis.
Antipyretic and analgesic drugs, such as aspirin and phenacetin, are easy to cause fetal bone malformation, nervous system or kidney malformation after being used by pregnant women, and some may lead to neonatal hemolysis leading to bleeding tendency such as head hematoma.
Sedative sleeping pills such as diazepam can cause fetal congenital malformation; Fetal growth retardation and congenital heart disease caused by mianertong; Barbiturates cause toes to be short and nostrils to communicate.
Estrogen and other hormones lead to upper limb deficiency, female gonadal diseases of baby girls and feminization of baby boys. Progesterone can cause masculinization of baby girls and hypospadias of baby boys. Cortisone can cause anencephaly, cleft lip and palate, and low weight malformation. Thyroxine can also cause deformities.
Hypoglycemic drugs such as glibenclamide, Dymecon and tolbutamide can cause fetal malformation or death.
Antimalarial drugs such as quinine, chloroquine and adipine can cause fetal congenital deafness, nerve damage and thrombocytopenia.
Anti-cancer cyclophosphamide leads to limb defect and cleft palate; Chlorpromazine, an antipsychotic drug, can cause retinopathy; Finger deformities and cleft hip caused by antiepileptic drug phenytoin sodium: antiallergic drugs chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine can cause limb defects; Birth control pills can cause fetal congenital heart disease and short limbs.
Many people regard vitamins as safe and nutritious drugs, but the teratogenicity of vitamins is often ignored. Vitamin A can destroy fetal chondrocytes, leading to skeletal malformation, finger deformities's disease, cleft palate, eye malformation and brain malformation. Vitamin D increases fetal blood calcium, which easily leads to fetal mental retardation. It is reported that taking a lot of vitamins C and B during pregnancy can also cause teratogenesis.
Improper use of Chinese herbal medicines also has adverse effects on fetal development. Such as safflower, immature bitter orange, cattail pollen, musk, angelica, ginseng and the like. In particular, ginseng as a "tonic", various compound preparations have various names, such as ginseng royal jelly, ginseng essence, ginseng paste, ginseng tincture, ginseng wine, ginseng tonic pills, ginseng tonic wine, ginseng antler essence, youth treasure and so on. There are also ginseng medlar soup, ginseng tremella soup and so on. There is nothing wrong with strengthening nutrition for pregnant women. They don't know that these Chinese herbal medicines have the function of exciting uterus, which will lead to intrauterine ischemia and hypoxia and lead to fetal dysplasia or malformation. Rhubarb, mirabilite, spurge, pokeweed, croton, petunia, kansui, etc. By stimulating the intestine, it reflexively causes strong uterine contraction, leading to fetal abortion and premature delivery. Some Chinese herbal medicines are poisonous, such as Mylabris, Rhizoma Arisaematis, Radix Aconiti Lateralis, Radix Aconiti, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Fructus Zanthoxyli, Pteris Pteris, Cinnabaris, Realgar, etc. , can directly or indirectly affect fetal development. Some Chinese patent medicines such as Qilisan, Xiaohuoluo Pills, Niuhuang Jiedu Pills (tablets), Niuhuang Shangqing Pills (tablets), Zaizao Pills, Suhexiang Pills, Huoxue Zhitong Powder, Guanxin Suhejiu, Longdan Xiegan Liquor and Fuzi Lizhong Pills should also be banned or used with caution.
To sum up, there are indeed many drugs that affect the fetus. I hope the above introduction can attract the attention of pregnant women. All drugs with the words "forbidden or used with caution by pregnant women" should be avoided, but many Chinese herbal medicines or proprietary Chinese medicines appear in the form of compound medicines, which requires high vigilance. First of all, the principle is not to take medicine if there is a slight problem. Of course, this doesn't mean that you don't take medicine when you are sick. The correct attitude is to see a doctor when you are sick and explain to the doctor that you are pregnant. Doctors will weigh the pros and cons and choose safe and non-toxic drugs to ensure the safety and health of the fetus.