Due to the change and increase of customer demand, the impact of the Internet and the high competition among enterprises, enterprises need to formulate a clear enterprise strategy and realize the target strategy through the design, adjustment and optimization of organizational structure if they want to be invincible in the competition. Up to now, most of them still aim at the problems existing in the enterprise and the factors that affect the enterprise, and repair the organizational structure. There is no complete scientific method to guide the organizational design and optimization. Based on the existence of enterprises is to create value for customers, through combing and analyzing the business value chain, we can systematically explain how organizational goals are achieved and achieved through organizational structure design and division of labor.

Why design and change the organizational structure?

Because the scale and structure of the new company are not complicated, there is basically no need to spend too much energy on design. On the contrary, after the company develops to a certain stage, it needs to change its organizational structure, which is nothing more than the contradiction between external factors and internal factors, which stimulates dissatisfaction and collision.

First, external factors:

1. customers: with the development of society, customers are becoming more and more mature, and the requirements for products and services are constantly improving. In order to survive in the fierce competition environment, enterprises must study these customer changes and continuously improve customer satisfaction, thus establishing a customer-oriented organizational structure and workflow;

2. Resource suppliers: No enterprise exists in isolation. The operation of an enterprise cannot be separated from basic resource elements such as capital resources, raw materials, human resources and information. The production and operation activities of enterprises can only be carried out smoothly with the effective assistance of resource suppliers. Therefore, changes in the organization and policies of resource suppliers such as venture capitalists, banks and suppliers will lead to organizational adjustment of enterprises, especially those that are highly dependent on resource suppliers.

3. Competitors: The day when the industry was founded means that it must face competition. Changes in the competitive environment, strategic adjustments of major competitors and competitive behaviors may all attract the attention of enterprises. In order to win in the competition, enterprises are likely to meet the challenges through organizational changes;

4. Technological development: Scientific progress leads to product upgrading, and technological innovation leads to changes in industrial structure, which requires enterprises to make corresponding organizational adjustments. Especially the application and upgrading of information technology in management, in order to adapt to the application and upgrading of information technology in enterprise management, enterprises must adjust their organizational structure and optimize their business processes;

5. Stakeholders: Some new regulations and policies issued by the government, industry associations and other organizations will directly lead to organizational adjustment of enterprises.

Second, internal factors.

1. Strategic demand: strategy determines structure. The strategic adjustment of enterprises and the realization of new strategic goals all need corresponding organizational structures;

2. Growth demand: According to the theory of enterprise life cycle, after an enterprise is founded, it is bound to strive for growth and expansion due to external and self reasons. The process of enterprise growth is the change process of enterprise physiological cycle. Enterprises are in different life cycles and need different organizational structures to match them.

3. The change of management mode: if the corporate governance structure of modern enterprise system is implemented, the change of management mode caused by personnel changes at the decision-making level and changes in the ownership structure of enterprises will inevitably adjust the organization;

4. Staff quality and organizational culture: changes in the staff structure of enterprises: changes in staff quality and concepts, such as changes in education, experience, skills, work attitude, style, expectations and values; The increase or decrease of the number and scale of personnel will be the motivation of enterprise organizational change.

03 definition of organizational structure

Definition of organizational structure: the organizational structure of an enterprise is a form of relationship established among various components or parts within an organization. It is a general term for the organic arrangement and combination of various departments, posts, personnel and their responsibilities and rights, as well as people flow, logistics, capital flow, information flow and other elements in order to achieve the overall goal of the enterprise. It involves the division of organizational levels, the setting of organizational structure, the division of labor and cooperation between departments and so on. Enterprise organizational structure is the foundation of enterprise organizational mechanism.

Organizational structure is a kind of thinking framework, which helps the organizational system to decompose huge tasks and goals into tasks and responsibilities that can be completed by different departments, levels and positions.

The core issues of organizational structure:

Division of labor: subdivide tasks, form secondary tasks and objectives, and assign them to people at different levels and departments for implementation; Work combination and integration through division of labor to deliver customer products and services;

Integration: ensure that different departments, levels and positions in the enterprise work towards the same goal.

There is no perfect and optimal organizational structure in the world, which is suitable for specific tasks in specific time and environment. Any change will bring positive or negative consequences, just like the game we play, which needs to be balanced.

When choosing which mode to design the organizational structure, priority is given to the matching of business mode and organizational structure, and the organizational mode is also based on the expected behavior mode of the organization. In practice, most enterprises are mixed organizations, and rarely use a single model for organizational design and adjustment.

The organizational structure is different from the legal structure of the organization, and the legal structure is designed considering the company's assets or shareholders' rights and interests; The organizational structure first looks at the reporting structure relationship (reporting line), and realizes organizational control through business reporting line, performance appraisal line and key post appointment and dismissal mechanism.

04 the relationship between organizational structure

The horizontal relationship of organizational structure comes from the division of labor through business value chain.