It means that doctors use medical devices to treat patients' bodies. The operation of knives, scissors, needles and other instruments in the human body to maintain the health of patients. It is the main treatment of surgery, commonly known as "surgery". The purpose is to treat or diagnose diseases, such as removing diseased tissues, repairing injuries, transplanting organs and improving the function and shape of the body.
Early operation is limited to simple techniques, such as abscess drainage, tumor resection, trauma suture and so on. Therefore, surgery is an operation that destroys tissue integrity (incision) or repairs damaged tissue (suture). With the development of surgery, the field of surgery is constantly expanding, and surgery can be performed in any part of the human body. The applied instruments are constantly updated, such as scalpels, such as electrotome, microwave knife, ultrasonic knife and laser knife. Therefore, surgery has a broader meaning.
Early operation is limited to simple techniques, such as abscess drainage, tumor resection, trauma suture and so on. Therefore, surgery is an operation that destroys tissue integrity (incision) or repairs damaged tissue (suture). With the development of surgery, the field of surgery is constantly expanding, and surgery can be performed in any part of the human body. The applied instruments are constantly updated, such as scalpels, such as electrotome, microwave knife, ultrasonic knife and laser knife.
In the operation of treating cardiac preexcitation syndrome, high-function computer can be used to locate it. Some surgical operations do not necessarily need to cut and destroy tissues, such as taking out stones or foreign bodies in biliary tract, urinary tract or gastrointestinal tract through various endoscopes; Expand coronary artery with balloon through puncture catheter, or recanalize occluded blood vessel with laser. Therefore, surgery has a broader meaning. However, the vast majority of operations are still performed manually by doctors.
According to the classification of disciplines, it can be divided into general surgery, orthopedics, urology, thoracic surgery, cardiovascular surgery, neurosurgery, obstetrics and gynecology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology and plastic surgery. Due to the continuous development of surgical system science, the division of labor is more detailed and the types of surgery are more specialized.
For example, general surgery is divided into head and neck, abdomen, tumor, burn and organ transplantation; Plastic surgery is also divided into functional plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery, and even organs such as nose, eyes and breasts are also divided into specific operations. Divided into: ① elective surgery. Sooner or later, the operation will not affect the effect of the operation.
For example, duodenal ulcer, medical treatment is ineffective, requiring subtotal gastrectomy. ② limited operation. Although the operation time can be selected, it is not advisable to delay the operation for too long. ③ Emergency operation. Operations that need to be performed quickly in the shortest time. Such as liver or spleen rupture bleeding, strangulated intestinal obstruction, epidural hematoma, open fracture, etc. The time to prepare for the operation should be shortened as much as possible.